Figure Time colored flight track of the G1 circle and the HALO triangleon October 1 during a cloudless coordinated flightFigure S2 Atmospheric parameters observed by the G1 and the HALO on Octob ID: 854607
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1 Supplemental material:Pilot preparation
Supplemental material:Pilot preparation for the comparison flight:Both aircraft appear at the same location at the same time due to safety concerns. Figure Time colored flight track of the G1 (circle) and the HALO (triangle)on October 1, during a cloudless coordinated flightFigure S2, Atmospheric parameters observed by the G1 and the HALO on October 1, 2014.To further examine the relative importance of mixing state and c
2 hemical composition, the CCN concentrati
hemical composition, the CCN concentrations erecalculatedfrom aerosol particle size distributionandchemical composition measured onboard the G1. The calculation was basedhler parameterization, (Kohler, 1936; Petters and Kreidenweis, 2007, 2008, 2013)and he detail of the approach was describedby Mei et al., 2013. For the flight on September 9, 2017, the CCN number concertation calculated from the G1 UHSAS size distribution
3 and chemical composition exhibits 2922
and chemical composition exhibits 292293294295296297298Ambient temperature, K 020406080100Occurrence G1 HALO 860880900920Static pressure, hPa 0100200300400Occurrence 024681012Horizontal Wind Speed, m/s 050100150200Occurrence 288290292294Dew point temperature, K 020406080Occurrence underestimation at supersaturationof 0.5% (Fig. 3S(a)) and when the altitude is below 1000 m (Fig 3S(b))Thisunderestimationsuggests that the
4 UHSAS size range (90500 nm) did not ful
UHSAS size range (90500 nm) did not fully cover the aerosols with the critical activation meterp,50) at high supersaturation. Thus, the FIMS measurements onboard the G1 was the more appropriate size distribution for both the CCN closure study(a)(b)Figure Comparison of calculated CCN with measured CCN using the averaged 1 min measurements from the G1:(a) colored by different supersaturations. (b) oloredby different altit
5 ude. (Note that both plots used the calc
ude. (Note that both plots used the calculated CCN number concentration from UHSAS size distribution.) The CCN concentration calculated using the size distribution from FIMSagrees well with the measurementFig. The scattering of the comparison data in Figure is likely due to the chemical composition and mixing state effect on aerosol hygroscopicity. 4000 3000 2000 1000 0Calculateded CCN number concentration, #/cc 4000 3
6 000 2000 1000 0Measured CCN number conce
000 2000 1000 0Measured CCN number concentration, cm-3 SS=0.25% SS=0.50% 4000 3000 2000 1000 0Calculateded CCN number concentration, #/cc 4000 3000 2000 1000 0Measured CCN number concentration, cm-3 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000Altitude, m Figure The scatter plot of the calculated CCN number concentration using FIMS size distribution compared with the measured CCN number concentration 05001000150020002500Measured NCCN , cm-3
7 05001000150020002500Calculated NCCN , c
05001000150020002500Calculated NCCN , cm-3 y = 0.99*x + 1.2e+02 G1 (1Hz) R Figure S. Horizontal wind speed between 200000 m altitude on September 21, 2014. Average altitude = 2376 78910Horizontal wind speed, m/s 0510152025303540Occurance G1 HALO (a)(b)Figure SThetotal aerosol particles number concentration between 20003000 m altitudeon September 21, 2014: (a) CPCmeasurement; (b) UHSASmeasurement 200040006000CPC numbe
8 r concentration, cm-3 0100200300400500Fr
r concentration, cm-3 0100200300400500Frequency G1 HALO 50010001500200025003000UHSAS number concentration, cm-3 050100150200250Occurance G1 HALO (a)(b)Figure S. The trace gasconcentration between 20003000 m altitudeon September 21, 2014: (a) Ozone measurement; (b) CO measurement 35404550556065Ozone, ppbv 050100150200Occurance G1 HALO 90100110120130140150CO, ppbv 01020304050Occurance G1 HALO Figure The cloud droplet numbe
9 r concentration from the G1 aircrafton S
r concentration from the G1 aircrafton September 21.Figure SThe cloud droplet number concentration fromHALO on September 21. 09/2115:4015:4515:5015:5516:0016:0516:1016:1516:2016:2516:3016:35UTC time 02004006008001000120014001600N, #/cc 50010001500200025003000Altitude, m FCDP CDP 2DS G1 Altitude 09/21/14-15:0015:0515:1015:1515:2015:2515:3015:3515:4015:4515:5015:5516:0016:0516:1016:1516:20 500100015002000N, cm-3 02000400060
10 00 CCP-CDP HALO- altitude (a) 100101
00 CCP-CDP HALO- altitude (a) 100101102103Dp, m 10-610-410-2100102104dN/dlog10Dp, cm-3UTC time: 2014-09-21 15:35:41 - 15:45:19UTC time: 2014-09-21 15:46:35 - 15:54:46UTC time: 2014-09-21 15:56:19 - 16:09:33 CCP-CDP CCP-CDP CCP-CDP CCP-CIPgs CCP-CIPgs CCP-CIPgs (b) 100101102103Dp, m 10-610-410-2100102104dN/dlog10Dp, cm-3UTC time: 2014-09-21 15:35:41 - 15:45:19UTC time: 2014-09-21 15:46:35 - 15:54:46UTC time: 2014-09-
11 21 15:56:19 - 16:09:33 NIXE-CAS NIXE-CAS
21 15:56:19 - 16:09:33 NIXE-CAS NIXE-CAS NIXE-CAS NIXE-CIPgs NIXE-CIPgs NIXE-CIPgs (c)Figure S1Theaveragedcloud dropletsize distributions fromHALO on September 21, (a) CCP probes; (b) NIXECAPSprobes; (c) Cloud probes on board the G1 100101102103Dp, m 10-310-210-1100101102103dN/dlog10Dp, cm-3UTC time: 2014-09-21 16:02:21 - 16:07:53UTC time: 2014-09-21 16:16:23 - 16:19:21 FCDP (G1) CDP (G1) 2DS (G1) FCDP (G1) CDP (G1) 2DS (