History In 1963 Dr Baruch Blumberg accidentally discovered an antigen that detected the presence of hepatitis B in blood samples Dr Blumberg and his team identified a strange antigen from a blood sample of an Austrian Aborigine ID: 700449
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Slide1
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is a pathogen, which causes liver disease and inflammation of the liver.Slide2
History
In 1963, Dr Baruch
Blumberg
accidentally discovered an antigen that detected the presence of hepatitis B in blood samples.
Dr
Blumberg
and his team identified a strange antigen from a blood sample of an Austrian Aborigine.
They decided to name this antigen the Australia antigen.
In 1967, further research showed that this was the hepatitis B causing antigen, which was then officially recognised.Slide3
Symptoms
Signs and symptoms of HBV usually appear about one to four months after you've been infected. Symptoms include:
Abdominal pain
Dark urine
Fever
Joint pain
Loss of appetite
Nausea and vomiting
JaundiceSlide4
Diagnosis
Hepatitis B is usually diagnosed with routine or requested blood screening tests such as:
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Test
This test shows if you're contagious. A positive result means you have HBV and can spread the disease. A negative result means you don't have HBV.
Hepatitis B Core Antigen Test
This shows whether you are currently infected with HBV. A positive result indicates that you have chronic hepatitis B.Slide5
Antibody Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Test
Shows whether you're immune to HBV. A positive test shows that it is very unlikely you will contact hepatitis B.
Liver Function Tests
These check your blood for heightened enzymes from your liver. HBV can mimic the symptoms of other conditions such as liver diseases.Slide6
Contraction
You may get HBV if you:
Get a tattoo or a piercing with unsterilised tools.
Share needles with an infected person.
Have unprotected sex with an infected person.
Share personal items,
like toothbrushes and razors with an infected person. Slide7
Prognosis
The hepatitis B virus usually only stays in the system for around one to three months and is therefor an acute infection.
In severe cases, if a person remains infected they may develop complications such as liver cirrhosis or liver cancer.Slide8
Treatment
Chronic hepatitis B is not curable but it is treatable.
Treatments include:
R
eceiving
an injection of hepatitis B immune globulin within 12 hours of coming in contact with the
virus.
Antiviral medications .
Liver transplants.Slide9
Prevention
The hepatitis B vaccine is typically given as three or four injections over six months. You can't get hepatitis B from the vaccine
.
Other ways to reduce your risk of HBV include
:
Before you travel to a foreign country, ask your doctor about the HBV vaccine.
Know the HBV status of any sexual partner.
Be cautious about getting piercings and tattoos .
Stop using illicit drugs.Slide10
Future
Other drugs to treat hepatitis B are
being developed.Slide11
Facts
This year alone, 10 to 30 million people will become infected with HBV.
Infection kills one person every 30-45 seconds .
HBV is about 10 times more prevalent than HIV in the world.Slide12Slide13
Trivia
What are three symptoms of HBV?
Is HBV curable?
What
tests do doctors use to test for HBV?
How can you help prevent HBV?
How can you get HBV?