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An introductory guide for businessRESPECTINGHUMIGHTS ® An introductory guide for businessRESPECTINGHUMIGHTS Published byGlobal Compact Network Germanytwentyfifty Ltd.German Institute for Human RightsConcept and editorial team of original textGwendolyn Remmert | Global Compact Network GermanyMadeleine Koalick | twentyfifty Ltd.Dr. Claudia Mahler, Michael Windfuhr | German Institute for Human RightsLayout and designEva Hofmann, W4 Büro für Gestaltung, Frankfurt am Main© 2013. All rights reserved.ISBN: 978-3-942315-77-7 (pdf)ISBN: 978-3-942315-78-4 (print) The Global Compact and the Global Compact Network Germany (DGCN)The Global Compact was launched by the United Nations in 2000. It is a strategic and involving civil society organisations, business and national governments. Working with its partners, the Global Compact has shaped the international dialogue on sustainability and the development of business strategies and tools to achieve it. As a platform for multi-stakeholder learning and dialogue, the Global Compact convenes webinars, workshops, coaching, conferences and technical forums in its work. Through the local networks, which organise and run many of these events, businesses can advance sustainability topics which they feel ought to be tackled and play an active role in shaping the dialogue. The Global Compact Network Germany is one of the most active in the world with more www.globalcompact.de twentyfty Ltd.twentyfty Ltd. is a management consultancy based in the United Kingdom and Germany sible and sustainable way. It engages across the value chain, involving internal and external stakeholders to bring about sustainable change, guiding and partnering its clients in developing their own approaches and building internal capacity. twentyfty has particular experience in helping its clients to embed the corporate respect for human rights into their practices and culture. It has advised businesses across a wide drink, tourism, pharmaceuticals and the nancial sector. Its services include human rights risk and impact analyses, strategy development, capacity building, support for internal change processes, stakeholder engagement, and coaching and mentoring services for corporate executives.www.twentyfty.co.uk The German Institute for Human Rights is an independent national human rights institution in compliance with the United Nations Paris Principles. It has been granted A status, meaning that it complies fully with the Paris Principles. The work of the Institute includes delivering policy advisory services, undertaking human rights issues, providing a specialist library on human rights, and cooperating with internatiothe independent monitoring authority responsible for overseeing national implementation of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The Institutes main priorities include protection against discrimination and racism, the ban on torture, womens and childrens rights, the private sector and human rights, the rights of the elderly, migrants, security and development cooperation.The Institute is funded by the Federal Ministry of Justice, the Federal Foreign Ofce, the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, and the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs. It also attracts third-party funding for its projects. www.institut-fuer-menschenrechte.demedia, by the companies themselves or in relevant publications. Our intention is not to present good practice or particularly critical cases but to draw readers attention to a wide selection of scenarios that might impact on the human rights of workers in the supply chain, these risks. The cases selected are used only as examples and do not by any means cover they intended as an assessment of, or comment on, the overall performance of the business We explicitly welcome the reproduction of this publication for non-commercial purposes, provided the source is quoted. NTENTSOpportunities and challenges uman rights: fundamentals and implications for businesses 2.1The Guiding Principles ...................................................................... 2.2Key implications for businesses 2.3The challenges of implementation 21 What are human rights? uman rights in practice: the roles of tates and businesses 4.1The right to work and rights at work Childrens rights in the workplace 4.2The right to an adequate standard of living (housing, food, water) The right of indigenous peoples to self-determination .................. 4.3The right to the highest attainable standard of health ................. 4.4The right to life and physical integrity ............................................ 4.5The right to freedom of conscience and religion ........................... 4.6The right to freedom of opinion ........................................................ 4.7The right to freedom of association ................................................ 4.8The right to privacy ............................................................................ 4.9The right to freedom of movement .................................................. 4.10The right to protection of the family ................................................ Respecting human rights responsibility and opportunity ..................................................................................... Further reading ............................................................................................ Opportunities and challenges\r\f\n\t\b\r \r\t\r\r\r\b \n \b \r\r\n\r\b\n\r \r\r\r \r \r\r \rBusiness and human rights increasingly in the public eye \r \r\r Opportunities and challenges \f \r\r\r \r\n\r\r \r\r\r\r ound business reasons for respecting human rights \r\r\r \r\r \r\f\r\r\n \r\r\r \n\r\rApplying the uiding rinciples in practice\r \r\r Opportunities and challenges\n \n \r\r\r \r\r\r\r\r \r\r\r \r \r Opportunities and challenges Opportunities and challengesFinding your way around this publication\n\r\r\n \n \n\r \rOpportunities and challenges uman rights:fundamentalsand implications for businesses2.1 he birth of the uiding rinciples \r \r \r\r\n \n \n \b \r\r\r \r \r\r \n \r\r\n \r \r\n \r\r\r ¡\b\r\r¢\r\r\r\r \rFundamentals and implications Principle 1:\rPrinciple 2:\rrotect, respect and remedy \r\r \r\r\r \b\r\r\f \r\t \r\r£\r\r\n\b\r \r \n\r\r\r\r\f \r\r\r\r\f\r\r\rFundamentals and implications\n\f \r\r \r \r \r The corporate responsibility to respect human rights Businesses are responsible for respecting all human rights. They must act with due diligence and avoid violating the rights of others. Access to remedyVictims of human rights violations by businesses need easier access to grievance and sanctions procedures, both judicial and non-judicial. The State duty to protect human rights States have a clear obligation under international law to protect and foster human rights and to ensure that these are also respected by other actors through effective strategies, regulations, and enforcement. The Protect, Respect, Remedy FrameworkThe three pillars of the Protect, Respect, Remedy FrameworkFundamentals and implications Operationalising the Framework: the uiding rinciples \r\r\t\b\f\t\b\r\f\r\r \r\b \r\f\r\r\f\t\b\r \r\r \r \r ¤\b\r\r\r\r \n\r Fundamentals and implications\r \r\r\r\b\b\b\r\f\f\f\r\f\f \r \f\n\r\r\rFundamentals and implications 2.2 Key implications for businesses \r \b\r\n\n\n \b¡\r \r\r\r\r\t\r \f\r \r\r\r \r \r \r\r\r\r\r \r\r\r \rFundamentals and implications\r\r \r\r\r\f\r\r\f\f \r\r \r\r\r Integrating the Guiding Principles into corporate processes of the business Integration of results into corporate processes and reporting, and participation in grievance Fundamentals and implications 2.3he challenges involved in implementation \r\r\r\r\r\r\n \r\r \r\r Competition\r\f\r\n\r\t\t\r\b\r\t\n\r\f\r\r\r\r\f\r\r\r\r\r\r\r\r\r \r\r\r \n\r\r Supply chain\f\r\r\r\r\t\f\r\t\f\r\n\f\r\t\r\t\r\f\r\r\r\r\f\r\r\r \r\r\r \r\rFundamentals and implications Proportionality\r\n\r\f\t\n\r\r\r\r\r\r\t\r\r\r\r \r \r \r\r\r\r\r¥\n\r \r\r \rFundamentals and implications What are human rights?\f\r\r\r\r \r\r \f \r\r\n\r\r \r \r\r\r \f\f\f\r\r\r\r\r\r\r\r \r\r he tate duty to protect human rights\r\r \r\r\r \r \r\f\f\r \r\r \r \b \r\f\f\r \r\r \r\r\r\r\r\f\r \r\r\f\r\f \b \r\r \r\n\r \f\r\r\r£\r\r\r\r\r\r\r\r\r\r\r \r \r\r\r \r uman rights in practice: the roles of States and businesses 2006 1948 2006 1990 1989 1984 1979 1966 1966 1965\r\r \r \n \n\n¡¡ \r\r\r\r¦¡ \r \r \r\n \rConvention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (CPED) Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD)International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (ICRMW)Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC)Convention Against Torture (CAT)Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW)International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD)Universal Declaration of Human Rights Major human rights conventions with date of adoptionHuman rights in practiceHuman rights in practice \r\r\r\n\n\r Article 6 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights states:The States Parties to the present Covenant recognise the right to work, which includes the right of everyone to the opportunity to gain his living by work which he freely chooses or accepts, and will take appropriate steps to safeguard this right. [ ]\n¦\f\r\f \b \r \f\b he right to work and rights at work he right to work \r\r\r \r\r\r \r \r\r\r \f\r Rights at work human dignity, working conditions and organisational rights \r\r\r\r \r \r Human rights in practice \r \r \r¦\n \f\nThe role of businesses\n \r\r \r\r \r \r \rCASE STUDYA living wage and working standards throughout the supply chainRights involved include: \r The situation:\r\r \r\r\r \r \r \n\r\b¤ \n \r\r \r The approach taken §\r§ \r\n \r Human rights in practice \r \n\r \n \r\r\r\r \r\r\r § \r \b¨¤¨§\r\r \b¤¨¡¨§ \r¤¨§ \r¡¤¨ Article 24 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights states:Every child shall have, without any discrimination as to race, colour, sex, language, religion, national or social origin, property or birth, the right to such measures of protection as are required by his status as a minor on the part of his family, society and the State. [ ]\n \n\b\r\r\n\rhildrens rights in the workplace Human rights in practice\b\n\r\r \r\r\r\n \r \r\r\r \r \rThe role of businesses\r\r \r\r \rCASE STUDYeasures to eradicate child labour in the supply chainRights involved include: Human rights in practice The situation: \n\r\r\r\rThe approach taken: \r\r \r\r\r\r\r\r \n \n\r \n\r \rCASE STUDYrotecting children in the tourism industryRights involved include: \r\rThe situation: The approach taken: \r\r\r \r\r \r\r\n\r Human rights in practice Article 11 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights statesThe States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the right of everyone to an adequate standard of living for himself and his family, including adequate food, clothing and housing, and to the continuous improvement of living conditions. [ ]©\r\r \b©\r\r \b\b\b¤ 4.2he right to an adequate standard of living (housing, food, and water) he right to housing \r\r\r\r\rThe role of businesses \r\r\f\r\r Human rights in practice \r \r \r\r\r\r \r \rCASE STUDYResettlement for major projectsRights involved include: The situation: \r \f\f\f\r \r \r \rThe approach taken: \r\r\f \r \n\n\n\r \r\r \r\r Human rights in practice \r\r\r \r\r\r \r\r CASE STUDY Biofuels and traditional land use Rights involved include: The situation: \f \r \r\r\n \r The approach taken: \r \r\r\n \rhe right to adequate food\r\r\r\rHuman rights in practice \n \n\r\r\r\r The role of businesses \r\r \r \r\r\r\r he right to water \r\r \r\r \r\r ¤ \r\r \n \r\r Human rights in practice he role of businesses\r\r \r \r \r\r CASE STUDY Water use in food and drink productionRights involved include: The situation: \f \n\r \r\r \r \r The approach taken: \r\r\r \r\r \r \r \r \rHuman rights in practice \r\r \n\r\r\r\r\n\n \r\n\n\r\r\n\r \r\r Article 1 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights states: All peoples have the right of self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development. [ ]\n\b¡\n\n ¡\n\b¦ he rights of indigenous peoples to self-determination Human rights in practice\r\r\fThe role of businesses\r \r\n\r\f\f\n\r \r\n \rCASE STUDYndigenous groups and tourism in ast AfricaRights involved include: The situation:\r\r\r \r\r\r\r\f \r ©\r\r \f \r\r\r\r Human rights in practice The approach taken:\r \r \r \r \f \r \n \r \f \r\r\b\r \r \r \r \r \f Human rights in practice Article 12 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. [ ]\r\r\r\r\r\r\r\r\r\r\fThe role of businesses \r \r\r \r\r\r\r\r \r \r\r\r\r 4.3he right to the highest attainable standard of healthHuman rights in practice \r\r\r\r\n\r\r\r\r\rCASE STUDYhe opportunities and health risks posed by productsRights involved include: The situation:\r\n\r\r\rThe approach taken: \r \r\r \n\r \r\r \n Human rights in practice Article 6 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights states:(Every human being has the inherent right to life. This right shall be protected by law. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his life. [ ]\n¦\n\b\r \r\r \r \r\r\r \r \f \rThe role of businesses\r \r\r\r\r \r \r\r\r 4.4he right to life and physical integrityHuman rights in practice \r\r\r\r\r\r \r\r \r CASE STUDYhe use of private security staffRights involved include: \r\r\r\rThe situation:\r\r\r\r\r\r\r The approach taken: \r \r\r\r©\r\r \n \r ¨ \r\r\f\r\n\n\r Human rights in practiceCASE STUDYhe physical integrity of garment workersRights involved include: \r\rThe situation: \r\t\r \r \r \f\r \r \r The results: \t\r \r\r\r \r Human rights in practice \r\r\r \r\r\n\r\r\r\rThe role of businesses \r \f \r\r \n\r \r\r\r \r \rCASE STUDYReligious symbols at the workplaceRights involved include: Article 18 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights states:Everyone shall have the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. [ ] 4.5 The right to freedom of conscience and religion Human rights in practice The situation:\r \r \r \r \r \r\r \f \f \r \r \r \f \rThe approach taken: \n\r\r \r \r\r \r\r\r Human rights in practice \r \r\f \r\n\r\r \r\r\r \rThe role of businesses\r\rCASE STUDYisuse of products by governmentsRights involved include: \r\r\rThe situation: \r\r Article 19 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights states: Everyone shall have the right to hold opinions without interference. [ ] 4.6he right to freedom of opinion Human rights in practice\r \r\f \r\f\r\n\n \n\r \r\r \r The approach taken: \n\r \r \n\r\r\r\r \r \r\r\r \r\r\r\r\r \r \n\n\r\r \r Human rights in practice \b\b\n\r \r\r \r\r\rThe role of businesses \r\r \nCASE STUDYhe right to form and join trade unions and freedom of associationRights involved include: \f The situation:\n\r\f \r Article 22 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights states:Everyone shall have the right to freedom of association with others, including the right to form and join trade unions for the protection of his interests. [ ]\b\r\n\f 4.7he right to freedom of associationHuman rights in practice \r\r \r\r \r\r \n \n ¦ \rThe approach taken: \r \r \r\r \f\r \r\r Human rights in practice Article 17 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights states:No-one shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to unlawful attacks on his honour and reputation. [ ]\b\r¦\r\r\r\r\r\r\r\r\r\r\r The role of businesses\r \r\r \r\r\r \r\r\f \r \r\r\r©\r\r\r\r \r\r\r 4.8he right to privacy Human rights in practiceCASE STUDY onitoring staffRights involved include: \r \f The situation: \r \r \rThe impacts: \r\r\r \f\r\n \r\r Human rights in practice Article 12 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights states:Everyone lawfully within the territory of a State shall, within that territory, have the right to liberty of movement and freedom to choose his residence. [ ]\r \r \r \n\r \r\rThe role of businesses \r \r\r \r\r\r \r \rCASE STUDYWorking conditions of migrant workersRights involved include: The situation:\n\f \r \r\r\r 4.9he right to freedom of movementHuman rights in practice \n \r\r\r\r \r\r The approach taken:\r \f\r\r\r \r \r \r \r\nHuman rights in practice 4.10he right to protection of the familyArticle 23 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights statesThe family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State.¡\r\r\n\r Human rights in practice\r\r\r \r \r \r\rThe role of businesses \r\rCASE STUDYreating a family-friendly working environmentRights involved include: \rThe situation:\r\r\r \r\r\r \r\r \r\r\r\rThe approach taken: \r \r \r \r \r\rHuman rights in practice Respecting human rights responsibility and opportunity \r\r\r\n\n \r\r \r\n \f\r\r \ro prevent human rights violations, all stakeholders within society must play an active part. \f\n\n \r\r\n\r \r\f\r\r \r \f\r\r\r \r\r\r\r \r\r \r\r \r\r \r\r\r \r \r\r\r\r\r \r \r \r\r \f\r\r\r\n\n \r \r\r \n \r \r Further readingA Guide for Business How to Develop a Human Rights Policywww.globalcompact.de/publikationen/guide-business-how-develop-human-rights-policyBusiness & Human Rights Resource Centrewww.business-humanrights.orgGuide to Human Rights Impact Assessment and Management (HRIAM)www.ifc.org/hriamGuiding Principles on Business and Human Rights www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/GuidingPrinciplesBusinessHR_EN.pdfHow to do business with respect for human rights. A guidance tool for companies.www.gcnetherlands.nl/docs/how_to_business_with_respect_for_human_rights_gcn_netherlands_june2010.pdfHuman Rights Translatedwww.globalcompact.de/publikationen/human-rights-translated-business-reference-guideHuman Rights and Business Dilemmas Forumhttp://human-rights.unglobalcompact.orgOrganisational Capacity Assessment Instrument www.globalcompact.de/tools/ocaiThe Corporate Responsibility to Respect Human Rights. An Interpretive Guide, Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/HR.PUB.12.2_En.pdfUNGC Business & Human Rights Learning Tool www.globalcompact.de/publikationen/human-rights-business-learning-tool www.globalcompact.de www.twentyfty.co.uk www.institut-fuer-menschenrechte.de