Impostor syndrome (also known as - PowerPoint Presentation

1. Impostor syndrome (also known as impostor phenomenon, fraud syndrome) describes high-achieving individuals who, despite their objective successes, fail to internalize their accomplishments and have persistent self-doubt and fear of being exposed as a fraud or impostor [1]. Kwakwaka'wakw transformation mask Peabody Museum of Archaeology and EthnologyHarvard University Impostor syndrome - WikipediaFirst described in 1978, by Pauline R. Clance and Suzanne A. Imes in their paper titled "The Impostor Phenomenon in High Achieving Women: Dynamics and Therapeutic Intervention“ (“In our clinical experience, we have found that the phenomenon occurs with much less frequency in men and that when it does occur, it is with much less intensity…...This clinical observation needs to be researched”).Impostor syndrome can affect anyone, regardless of gender and job or social status, but high-achieving individuals often experience it.According to a 2020 review[2], 9%–82% people experience impostor syndrome, largely depending on the screening tool and cutoff used to assess symptoms and were particularly high among ethnic minority groups.Many people experience symptoms for a limited time, such as in the first few weeks of a new job. For others, the experience can be lifelong.[1] Kolligian J Jr, Sternberg RJ. Perceived fraudulence in young adults: is there an "imposter syndrome"? J Pers Assess 1991;56(2):308-2. [2] Bravata DM, Watts SA, Keefer AL, Madhusudhan DK, Taylor KT, Clark DM, Nelson RS, Cokley KO, Hagg HK. Prevalence, Predictors, and Treatment of Impostor Syndrome: a Systematic Review. J Gen Intern Med. 2020 Apr;35(4):1252-1275.

2. Imposter syndrome can be broken down into five basic types [3]:The Perfectionist. Perfectionists set extreme goals for themselves, and when they fail to reach a goal, they experience anxiety, self doubt and worry. They feel like an imposter because their perfectionistic traits make them believe that they are not as good as others might think they are.The Expert. The experts will never feel satisfied because they think that they haven’t known everything about the subject. Because there is always more for them to learn, they fear being exposed as inexperienced or unknowledgeable.The Natural Genius. They believe that they are naturally intelligent or competent, so if they don't get something right the first time around, or if they take a long time to master something, they feel ashamed.The Soloist. Soloists fear that asking for help will reveal their incompetence. They may turn down help in an attempt to prove their self-worth. The Superperson. This type of imposter syndrome involves believing that you must be the hardest worker or reach the highest levels of achievement possible and, if you don't, you are a fraud.[3] Dr. Valerie Young - The Secret Thoughts of Successful Women: Why Capable People Suffer From the Imposter Syndrome and How to Thrive in Spite of It

3. Impacts of Imposter Syndrome on a person’s life:Work performanceTaking on responsibilitiesSelf-doubtAttributing success to outside factorsJob dissatisfaction and burnoutAvoid seeking promotionFocus on tasks and goal-settingMental health impacthttps://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321730 (Impostor syndrome: Symptoms, types, and how to deal with it (medicalnewstoday.com)No Diagnosis available for Impostor Syndrome:Impostor syndrome is not a recognized disorder, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) (DSM-5) does not list criteria for diagnosing it. Tips for overcoming impostor syndrome:Talk about itBe aware of the symptomsAccept that perfectionism is impossibleChallenge negative thoughts