AstroH Stanford 1 Scientific Opportunities Roger Blandford KIPAC Stanford Astro H Science HXI 580 keV 2 100 2 003 m 2 10 m Crab 10 m s SGD 40600 keV ID: 320634
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Slide1
19 vii 2011
Astro-H Stanford
1
Scientific Opportunities
Roger Blandford
KIPAC
StanfordSlide2
Astro
-H Science
HXI5-80 keV, 2’, ~100’
2, 0.03 m2, ~10 mCrab, 10m
s
SGD
40-600 keV, ~2keV, 0.02 m2, ~ mCrab, polarimetrySXI0.4-12 keV, 2’, ~1000’2, 0.04 m2, ~100nCrab, 4sSXS0.3-12 keV, 3’2, 0.02 m2, R~1000
19 vii 2011
Astro-H Stanford
2
2014
Suzaku
++ NuSTAR Slide3
The Future of X-ray Telescopes
Reformulation of ESA program
ATHENA, daughter?? of XEUS???L class selection. February 2012, 3->2?
First launch 2020?NASA programNuSTAR, GEMS, Explorers?AO for concept studies?eROSITA, ASTROSAT
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Astro-H Stanford
3Slide4
ATHENA
Reformulation of ESA L-class
Downselect in Feb 2012 3->2?Launch >2020
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4Slide5
NuSTAR
19 vii 2011
Astro-H Stanford
52012-14+, PegasusCompact object census
Galactic/extragalactic (XRB)
SNR/
nucleosynthesisAGN jetsSlide6
ASTROSAT
2012? -2017
Multi-wavelength monitoring, HX(UV) survey, spectroscopy
19 vii 2011Astro-H Stanford6Slide7
eROSITA
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Astro-H Stanford
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2013 launch
w
SRG0.5-10keVData collaboration?Slide8
The Future of X-ray Astrophysics
X-ray astronomy has always been a technique–driven field
->arcsecond
, eV, ms resolution, nCrab sensitivity!Most astronomical sources are observedPulsars,
protostars
, planets…
Most X-ray astrophysics is now multi-l-and watch out for GW, VHE ns, cosmic rays…Have to learn how to incorporate new observations with lost capabilityChandra!Poorly understood processes in different sources.Thermal conduction, viscosity, shocks… seek scalings Simulations are increasingly importantClusters, black holes supernovae..19 vii 2011
Astro-H Stanford
8Slide9
Science Opportunities
Intergalactic Gas
Galactic Gas Relativistic Astrophysics
Particle Acceleration Stars and Planets19 vii 2011Astro-H Stanford
9Slide10
Intergalactic Gas
Standard cosmological model
Kinematics L
CDM, H0…IGM density, temperature, entropy, compositionSimulation and measurementMissing baryonsEoR from radio astronomy
Clusters of galaxies
Found and measured by SZ,
lensing, optical….Bounded by strong shocks?Subject to instabilities?Dark matter and cosmic raysCosmological Probesw, w’? mn…M-L, M-T scaling, bias, mergers 19 vii 2011Astro-H Stanford
10Slide11
Galactic Gas
Black Hole - Galaxy connection and co-evolution
Mergers, binary black holesEvolution of M –
s relation?Gas flow into galactic nucleiFeeding of disksBars, magnetic field, dynamical friction?Outflows from disksObscured AGN – torus, warped disk or wind
Escape velocity? Momentum- or energy-driven
AGN jets
M’, S? collimation, particle acceleration19 vii 2011Astro-H Stanford11Slide12
Relativistic Astrophysics
Massive black holes
Test/use Kerr metricFe lines, reverberation, location of continuum source
Stellar capture, tidal disruption BH Evolution – Central Dogma -M, M’, SWinds, BALQs, jets => dynamics of disk-hole interaction4D simulationsStellar Black Holes QPOs
, Fe lines -> S (Quasars for the impatient)
ULX’s
, GRBs?Neutron StarsM-R relation -> EOS, metric of rapidly spinning neutron starsMagnetarsAstroseismology, QPOs19 vii 2011Astro-H Stanford12Slide13
Particle Acceleration
Cosmic acceleration impressive!
Stars-Gev, AGN-
TeV, PWN/SNR-PeV, UHECR-ZeVWhat?Hadrons (p-Fe?) vs
leptons, (
e
--e+?)Blazars are leptonicMagnetic field amplification?Especially at shocksWhere?Shocks, line and sheet currents, contact discontinuities, turbulence…SNRs, Jets, ClustersPWN, Crab variation…19 vii 2011Astro-H Stanford
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Stars and Planets
19 vii 2011
Astro-H Stanford
14Normal stars and star clustersImaging and spectroscopy
Protostars
Four types of protostar detected in X-raysDisk coronaeExoplanets565 certified , 1235 candidatesPushing down to earth massesHabitability??Slide15
Summary
There is a rapidly changing landscape in X-ray astronomy
Astro-H is (remarkably) still on track
Great science opportunities studying intergalactic and galactic gas, relativistic astrophysics, particle acceleration, stars and planetsMust be executed in total observational contextCurrent science program is exciting and robust but some adjustment of priorities may be called for 19 vii 2011
Astro-H Stanford
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