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Physical Characteristics of Sub-Saharan Africa Physical Characteristics of Sub-Saharan Africa

Physical Characteristics of Sub-Saharan Africa - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2019-02-18

Physical Characteristics of Sub-Saharan Africa - PPT Presentation

Francisci WG4 Climate The equator runs through the middle of Africa through the Democratic Republic of the Congo Climates found north of the equator are similar to the climates found ID: 752374

climate africa africa

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Slide1

Physical Characteristics of Sub-Saharan Africa

Francisci WG.4Slide2

Climate

The equator runs through the middle of Africa through the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Climates found north of the equator are similar to the climates found

south of the equator.Slide3

Climate

The climates include:

Tropical Wet (Rainforest): Area located in or near equator; Rainforest soil is not fertile.

Tropical Wet & Dry: Savannas found on the outskirts

of the rainforest; Africa’s national parks found here.Semi-Arid Climate (Steppe):

grassland area north and south of the savanna; Sahel is shrinking.Arid Climate (Desert):

extreme north and south of the continent; Namib Desert, Kalahari Desert and Sahara Desert (growing larger). Slide4

Growth of Deserts

Drought, climate change, over farming and over grazing are causing Africa’s deserts to get larger.The Sahel

(grassland region) is getting smaller due to desertification - type

of land degradation in which a relatively dry land region becomes increasingly

arid, typically losing its bodies of water as well as vegetation and wildlife

.Slide5

Landforms

Sub-Saharan Africa is a series of plateaus: a flat, elevated landform that rises sharply above the surrounding area on at least

one side.Plateaus cover

most of the African continent.Slide6

Landforms

Great Rift Valley: series of mountains and valleys in East Africa (rich in

minerals and metals).Escarpments: steep slopes

or long cliffs separating two areas of differing elevation.Cataracts

: Large waterfall or where the flow of water changes dramatically.Slide7

Bodies of Water

Several lakes are found along the Great Rift Valley: Lake Tanganyika and Lake Victoria

(main source of the Nile River).Because of cliffs and waterfalls, the rivers cannot be used for transportation or

trade.The Zambezi

River is useful for hydroelectric power: the renewable energy contained in flowing

water creates electricity.The Zambezi River is also the site of a huge

waterfall called Victoria Falls.Slide8

Landlocked Countries

The

interior countries of Africa are landlocked.

They have no coastline.These countries are at a disadvantage

for trading with other regions of the world.Slide9

Natural Resources

Africa is rich in mineral resources, including gold, copper, petroleum and diamonds.

Soils of the rainforest areas are not fertile.Crops can be grown on rain forest soil for only a

few years because of infertility.

Slash-and-burn agriculture is used in these areas.Slide10

Africa’s Native Animals

Antelope, buffalo, giraffe, zebras, cheetahs, hyenas, jackals, leopards, lion, elephants, ostriches, crocodiles, hippopotamus, flamingos,

pelicans, storks, chimpanzees, and monkeys.Poaching and destruction of habitats

are threatening wildlife.Slide11

Africa’s Native Plant Life

Oil palm, ebony, mahogany trees, acacias, mangrove trees.