What are some common illnesses around your home and school What symptoms alert you to the fact that you or someone else might be sick z GERM QUIZ Which item has the most germs A Handbag purse ID: 594581
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Slide1
Where germs lurk
What are some common illnesses around your home and school? What symptoms alert you to the fact that you or someone else might be sick?
zSlide2
GERM QUIZ
Which item has the most germs?
A. Handbag (purse)
B. Toilet SeatC. TV RemoteD. Refrigerator Handle
Germs are most likely to thrive in this room of the house:
A. Kitchen
B. Bedroom
C. Bathroom
D. Office Slide3
GERM QUIZ
Which item contains the most germs in a household?
A. Desk
B. Light SwitchC. Toilet SeatD. Cell Phone
How many species of microbe live in the human mouth?
A. 5
B. 50
C. 500
D. > 700Slide4
GERM QUIZ
Germs can escape a flushing toilet and contaminate things in the bathroom – such as toothbrushes.
A. True
B. False
How did influenza get it’s name?
A. Because people thought disease came from the chimney flue
B. Because people thought the flue was cause by the evil influence of the stars
C. From the Italian word for fever and aches
D. Because it was the last name of the scientist who discovered the virusSlide5
GERM QUIZ
What’s the beset place for your toothbrush?
A. The medicine cabinet
B. On top of the toiletC. On the bathroom sink
D. Near your bedroom window
Of these options, which is the best way to stop the spread of disease?
A. Antibiotics
B. Surgical Masks
C. Hand Washing
D. Rubber Gloves Slide6
GERM QUIZ
It takes germs at least five seconds to contaminate food that has fallen on the floor.
A. True
B. False
Kitchens are a germ hot spot. Which item is typically the worst offender?
A. Kitchen Faucet
B. Cutting Board
C. Sponge or Dishcloth
D. Kitchen Sink Drain Area
E. Refrigerator Handle Slide7
GERM QUIZ
Makeup tester projects at department stores are safe because clerks sanitize them between uses.
A. True
B. False
When we can finally eliminate germs, humans will be much better off.
A. True
B. False Slide8
pATHOGEN
A MICROORGANISM THAT CAUSES DISEASE
Bacteria
: single cell microorganism that can produce toxins which kill cells or interfere with their functionStrep throatPinkeye
tuberculosis
Virus
: piece of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat that invades a cell
Common cold
Mononucleosis
Chicken pox
Fungi
: plantlike organism that can cause disease
Athletes foot
RingwormSlide9
Infectious Agent/Disease
Any pathogen that can cause a disease.
Bacillus
anthracis-
causes anthrax
Streptococcus
causes strep throat
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus
(MRSA)
- causes life threatening skin infections that progress to the heart and brainSlide10
Reservoir
The place where the
microorganism normally lives, grows, and multiplies
Many common infectious diseases have human or animal reservoirs. Plants
, soil, and water in the environment are also
reservoirs
A
carrier
is a person who doesn’t know they are infected but can still share the pathogen with othersSlide11
Portal of Exit
The place where the organism leaves the reservoir, such as the nose, mouth, blood, etc.
U
sually corresponds to the site where the organism is localized.
For example: strep throat can be shared if an infected person sneezes on someone else.Slide12
Means of Transmission
The means by which an organism transfers from one carrier to another.
Direct
Direct contact
-
occurs through skin-to-skin
contact (like stepping on a rusty nail),
kissing,
childbirth,
&
sexual intercourse
Droplet
spread-
spray
with relatively large, short-range aerosols produced by sneezing, coughing, or even talking.
Indirect
Airborne
-
occurs when infectious agents are carried by dust or droplet nuclei suspended in air.
Vehicle borne-
indirectly transmit an infectious agent include food, water,
blood,
and fomites
(objects
such as handkerchiefs, bedding,
doorknobs,
etc.
)
Vector borne
(mechanical or biologic
)-
such as mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks may carry an infectious agent Slide13
Portal of Entry
The opening where an infectious disease enters the host’s body such as mucus membranes, open wounds, etc.
The
portal of entry must provide access to tissues in which the disease can multiply or a toxin can act.
Often
, infectious agents use the same portal to enter a new host that they used to exit the source host. Slide14
Susceptible Host
The person who is at risk for developing an infection from the disease.
Several factors make a person more susceptible to disease including: age, conditions that weaken the immune system, genetic
factors, nonspecific factors that affect an individual’s ability to resist
infection. Slide15
Common Communicable Diseases
Respiratory infections: colds, influenza, pneumonia, strep throat, tuberculosis
Liver infections: hepatitis, jaundice, cirrhosis
Skin infections: staph, athletes footMononucleosisMeaslesMeningitis
Chicken PoxSlide16
Ways to Break the ChainSlide17
How will you break the chain?Slide18
To stop the Infectious Disease
Identify individuals who are infected or colonized
T
reat the infection as soon as possibleClean surfaces (decontaminate), then disinfect themWASH HANDSSlide19
To isolate the Reservoir
Medical treatment and testing
Quarantine the area or person that is infected
Environmental sanitation like insect and rodent eradicationWASH HANDSSlide20
To Avoid the Portal of Exit
Masks
Covering mouth while coughing
Trash and waste disposalControl secretions and excretions- flush the toilet & throw away dirty tissuesSlide21
TO interrupt the Means of Transmission
Avoid infected individuals
Abstinence
Sanitary practicesProper food handlingSlide22
To protect the Portal of Entry
Masks
Insect repellant
Wound careHand hygieneSlide23
To avoid being a Susceptible Host
Immunization
Health promotion
Medical treatmentInform high risk people to beware of the diseaseSlide24Slide25
How to stay well
Drink at least 2 quarts of fluids per day. (caffeine, carbonation, & alcohol don’t count).
Get plenty of rest
Eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables
WASH YOUR HANDS!!!Slide26
How to avoid catching a cold
Keep at least 3 feet away from coughers and sneezers
Take care in closed spaces
Wash your hands often!
Sterilize sponges
Get a good nights sleep
Eat a well balanced diet
Exercise regularlySlide27
Who Gets the drug?
There has been an outbreak of a new Type A related virus for which no known human immunity exists. The mortality rate for this infection is 15% of the population. The research section of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has reported that the most common antiviral medication Tamiflu has been shown to be effective in treating people who have gotten this mysterious virus. There is enough Tamiflu to give to 1/10 of the American population within the next 10 days and within 2 months there will be enough produced to address the next 40% of the American population. The other 50% of the population will have to wait up to 6 months. Slide28
Who gets the drug?
You are a member of the Health and Human Services’ decision-making staff who is to decide which people will get the available drug immediately and those individuals who will get the next level of anti-viral drugs available.
Your team is to
rank in order to 1-5 in importance the people who will get the first available dose
and those who will get the 2
nd
available dose. The remaining people will have to wait past the 30-day production period.
You will
present your choices to the class
. You will provide a reason for your choices. Slide29
Who gets the drug?
Teachers and other school employees
Students ages 5-18
Health care workersState government employeesChildren ages 0-5
Parents of children ages 0-5
Public servants (police and firemen)
Automobile industry employees
Food industry employees
Utility industry employees (power, gas, garbage)
Farm workers
President and the cabinet
Center for Disease Control researchers
Bank employees
Homeland security employees
Religious leaders
Adults ages 20-40, determined to be at highest risk for symptoms
Adults ages 40-60, determined to be at lowest risk for symptoms.