by tagging Lesson Title Essential Question Objectives Lesson TitleCell Structure and Function EQ Why is cellular transport important to the function of cell organelles Obj Describe the relationship between the structure and function of the cell membrane Differentiate between the p ID: 720473
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Slide1
Cells, Cells, Cells
Learning by taggingSlide2
Lesson Title, Essential Question, Objectives
Lesson Title-Cell Structure and FunctionE.Q.: Why is cellular transport important to the function of cell organelles?
Obj.: Describe the relationship between the structure and function of the cell membrane; Differentiate between the processes of osmosis, diffusion, passive, and active transport; Review for test Slide3
The Discovery of the Cell
In 1665 Robert Hooke used an early
compound microscope to look at a thin layer of cork which he called cells
.Slide4
The Discovery of Cells
In 1674 Anton Von Leeuwenhoek
used a single-lens microscope to observe pond water. He saw tiny living organisms
that seemed to be everywhere, even in the very water he and his neighbors drank.Slide5
The Cell Theory
In 1838 Matthias Schleiden
concluded that all plants were made of cells.
In 1839 Theodor Schwann concluded that all
animals were made of cells.In1855 Rudolf Virchow
concluded that new cells only come from
pre-existing cells
.Slide6
The Cell Theory
All living things are composed of cells.Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.New cells are produced from existing cells.Slide7
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Prokaryotic cells do not have nuclei. Their genetic material is not contained in a nucleus.
Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus in which their genetic material is separated from the rest of the cell. Slide8
Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Slide9
Cell Structure and FunctionSlide10
Cell Wall
The outermost layer of plants
, algae, fungi, and many
prokaryotes. It provides support and protection for the cell.Slide11
Cell/Plasma Membrane
The security
system of
the cell. The cell membrane surrounds the cell. It
protects and supports the cell. It is very selective about what enters and leaves the cell so we call it
selectively permeable
.Slide12
Cell Membrane
It is composed of a
double-layer with protein channels called a lipid
bilayer. (ice-cream sandwich with nuts) The protein channels squeeze large substances into and out of the cell. The cell membrane is both hydrophobic
and hydrophilic because the tails are afraid of water
while the heads
love
the water
! Slide13
Cytoplasm
The portion of the eukaryotic cell outside the nucleus. It is the
watery jell-o like substance that contains many of the materials involved in
cell metabolism and holds the organelles in place.Slide14
NUCLEUS
The control
center or brain of the cell. It tells the cell what to do and stores the genetic information (baby mama drama).Slide15
Nucleolus
The nucleolus is located inside the nucleus. It is responsible for manufacturing
Ribosomes. Slide16
MITOCHONDRIA
The power plant of the cell. It supplies the
energy that your cells need to function. (looks like a peanut)Slide17
Endoplasmic Reticulum
The
transportation system of the cell. Here lipid components of the cell membrane are made along with protein and other materials that are exported from the cell. The ER comes in
both Rough and Smooth forms.
Rough has Ribosomes
so it is a
r
ough
r
ider!Slide18
Ribosomes
Manufacture proteins for the cell. They are found on the which ER?Slide19
Golgi Apparatus
Modifies,
sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the ER for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell.Slide20
VACUOLES
Saclike structures that suck
up and store water,
salts, proteins, and
carbohydrates. Plants have a
large one
, while
animals
have a couple of
small
ones
.Slide21
Lysosomes
Lysosomes are called suicide sacks. They are produced by the Golgi Body. They consist of a single membrane surrounding powerful
digestive enzymes. Lye
burns. Lysosomes break down
materials which helps with digestion.Slide22
Diffusion
Diffusion - the process by which molecules
spread from areas of high concentration, to areas of low concentration. When the molecules are
even/equal throughout a space - it is called EQUILIBRIUM Slide23
Osmosis
Osmosis
: the
movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentrationSlide24
The Effects of Osmosis on Cells
Hypotonic (Hippopotamus) Taking in fluid, I’m getting big and fat.
Hypertonic (Skinny) I’m so hyper I can’t sit still, I’m losing to much weight. Not enough fluid.Isotonic (I so fine, I look GOOD!) Just the right amount of fluid.Slide25
The Effects of Osmosis on CellsSlide26
Facilitated Diffusion
Large molecules such as glucose need help diffusing through the cell membrane.Slide27
Active Transport
Occurs when something travels across a concentration gradient
. To be active you must use energy. The fish are actually swimming up
stream by consistently jumping!Slide28
Come in Get out
Endocytosis - is a process whereby cells absorb material too large to pass through the plasma membrane (molecules such as proteins) from the outside by engulfing it with their cell membrane.
Exocytosis
– is the process by which a cell directs soluble proteins to be secreted to the extracellular environment, as well as membrane proteins and lipids that are sent to become components of the cell membrane. Slide29
Feed Me Please
Phagocytosis – cell eating. Extensions of cytoplasm surround a particle and package it within a food vacuole then engulfs it.
Pinocytosis – cell drinking. Tiny pockets of liquid form along the cell membrane then pinch off to form vacuoles within the cell.Slide30
Tagging
LysosomesMitochondria
CytoplasmCell Membrane
Burns, breaks down, helps with digestionPower house, Dominion Power, ENERGYJell-O like substance that holds everything in place
Club Bouncer is selectiveSlide31
Tagging
NucleusNucleolus
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)Rough ER
Smooth ERGolgi ApparatusVacuoles
Control center or Brain
Inside of the nucleus
Ambulance, transportation system
R
ibosomes
No
Ribosomes
Packaging
(gold
gifts)
Vacuum cleaners suck up and stores materialsSlide32
Closure
The movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane is known as
Exocytosis
EndocytosisPhagocytosisOsmosis
2. Despite differences in size and shape, all cells have cytoplasm and a Cell wall
Cell membrane
Mitochondrion
Nucleus
3. If a cell of an organism contains a nucleus, the organism is a
Plant
Animal
Prokaryote
Eukaryote
4. Distinct threadlike structures containing genetic information are called
Ribosomes
Chromosomes
Nuclei
Mitochondria
5. Cell membranes are constructed mainly of
Lipid bilayers
Protein pumps
Carbohydrate gates
Free-moving proteins