ARMENIA Team Arevik Ohanyan Zaruhi Harutyunyan Lusine Grigoryan Lilit Simonyan Lilit Karapety an DEFINITION P olitical E conomic S ocial T echnological L egal ID: 364664
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P
ESTLE ANALYSISARMENIA Team: Arevik Ohanyan, Zaruhi Harutyunyan, Lusine Grigoryan, Lilit Simonyan, Lilit Karapetyan
Slide2
DEFINITION
P oliticalE conomicS ocialT echnologicalL egalE nvironmental
Slide3
Goal: Presentation of PESTLE Analysis to facilitate the SEN/D National Awareness Campaign in Armenia.
Objectives: To identify opportunities and barriers that can help to organize the Campaign.To mobilize human resources and technologies for this reason.To disseminate awareness rising information about SEN/D through available technologies. Slide4
Laws about equality, education, inclusion (Constitution)
All people have the same rights before the law without any discrimination, including disabled people (chapter 2, article 14)Everyone has the right of education (chapter 2, article 39)www.edu.am
PoliticalSlide5
The main priorities of the Government for 2007-2012
Sustainable development assurance through national security and active economic policyReforms in state managementDevelopment of education and scienceTerritorial equal developmentSocial security assurance www.gov.am
P
oliticalSlide6
The main priorities of the Government
Programme
for 2013-2017
Increase of economic competitiveness
Development of human resources (provision opportunities of education for all SEN/D children)
Development of
institutional capacity
www.gov.am
P
oliticalSlide7
All mainstream
schools in a few years will become inclusiveChange of SEN/D assessment instruments according to ICFChange of the basis for recognizing a person disabled Adoption of international laws about the rights of people with SEN/D PoliticalSlide8
State intervention in SEN/D issues
All interventions are covered by state costs
People with disabilities are provided with prosthesis, wheel-chairs, audio apparatus, visual sets, special books, etc., treatment, implementation of
programmes
promoting and increasing activity and participation of SEN/D
People with disabilities get pension from state according to the level of their disabilities
Report “About Rights of people with disabilities” on UN Convention implementation, 2012
P
oliticalSlide9
Policy of taxation
Income Tax up to AMD 120000- 24,4% , from AMD 120000-2mln- 120000- 24,4 %, < 26%, from 2mln.1 and above- 120000- 24,4 %, 120000- 2mln- 26%, 2mln.1 < 36%Profit Tax - 20%Value Added Tax (VAT) - 20%, some foreign funds are exempted of VATTurnover Tax - less than AMD58.35mln trade and production- 3% renting- 10% others- 5%www.taxservice.am
1/3/13
P
oliticalSlide10
Economic
Average de jure: 2012Population : 3 031 200Urban: 1 919 000Rural: 1 112 200Source: armstat.amSlide11
Economic Gross Domestic Product at market prices in 20123981506.5 (mln. Drams)Foreign Exchange Rates2013 January1 Euro = 542.0 AMDworking age population20112 286
300 persons
Unemployment rate in
2011
18.4
%
Average monthly nominal wages
2012
121
342
AMD
Real wages in 2012
118
267
AMD
Slide12
Number of:
children attending pre-school institutions63542.0pupils in general education schools386439.0 students in middle vocational educational institutions29207.0students in higher educational institutions95308.0 Economic Source: armstat.amSlide13
Economic
Source: armstat.amSlide14
In the first half of 2012, the education sector’s share in Armenia’s GDP was AMD 32.657bn against AMD 30.289bn in the same period of last year.
Economic Source: http://tert.am/en/news/2012/11/01/ashotyan/Slide15
The competitiveness performance of Armenia steadily decreased since 2005, but reversed to the positive in 2011.
Armenia recorded remarkable improvement in its competitiveness ranking in 2011 compared to the previous study of the Global Competitiveness Report (2010). In 2011, the competitiveness performance of Armeniawas ranked 92nd among 142 countries due to a 6-point improvement in the rank and a 4% increase in thescore compared to 2010 results. Economic Source: http://www.ev.am/media/documents/ACR/2011-2012/ACR%202011-2012_eng.pdfSlide16
The dominance of sectors with lowest productivity in the GDP structure is contributing to the economic lag in Armenia. The top three most productive sectors in Armenia (financial intermediation, mining, and construction) account for
just 9% of the total employment in the country. Whereas, exactly half of the labor force is concentrated in the three sectors with lower productivity levels (food and accommodation services, agriculture, and education). Economic Source: http://www.ev.am/media/documents/ACR/2011-2012/ACR%202011-2012_eng.pdfSlide17
During 2010 Armenia attracted about 40% more Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) compared to the previous year, while in 2011 the growth was only 15%.
The communications sector had a consistently high share in FDI, however, its contribution decreased significantly in 2011.In addition, the new influx of FDI into non-traditional investment sectors, such as energy supply and land transport infrastructure, triggered the rapid growth of foreign investments in the whole economy. Economic Source: http://www.ev.am/media/documents/ACR/2011-2012/ACR%202011-2012_eng.pdfSlide18
Since 2005 Armenia’s rank in GCR by macroeconomic performance deteriorated significantly. Unfavorable developments in public finance and comparably high levels of inflation
were the main contributorsto this downgrade. Some other structural factors include: Still a large (however, improving) current account deficit maintained a key imbalance in the economy. The dependence on private transfers from abroad is persistent. The inequality in incomes and consumption levels is acute. Economic Slide19
Social – Cultural
DemographicsPopulation:3041.0 thousand (as of January 1, 2013)Ethnic Breakdown:Armenians - 96%Minorities: Russians, Yezidis, Kurds, Assyrians, Greeks, Ukrainians, Jews and othersOfficial Language:ArmenianReligion:ChristianChurch:Armenian ApostolicReligious Center:St. Etchmiadzin, the Cathedral of the Armenian Apostolic Church and the Residence of the Catholicos (Patriarch) of all ArmeniansSlide20
Religious beliefsArmenia is practically the only mono-ethnic country in the region. Ethnic Armenians make up 97.9% of the population. Yezidis make up 1.3%, Russians 0.5%. Other minorities include Assyrians, Ukrainians, Greeks, Kurds, Georgians, and Belarusians. Over 90 % of the population of Armenia belongs to the Armenian Apostolic Church.
In spite of the fact that Armenians make up 98% of the population of the Republic, the Armenian government does not allow the oppression of ethnic minorities and officially recognizes minority communities. Social – Cultural Slide21
Social – Cultural
The Russian community of Armenia numbers approximately 15 thousand people. The Russian population of the Republic of Armenia has been historically concentrated in a few cities of the Republic though there are also two Russian villages in the northeast of the country (Lermontovo and Fioletovo).Slide22
There are several sects in Armenia , which have thir own behavour,manner,and they do not allow their children or relatives with special needs to connect with doctors or to ask them for help and treatment.
Social – Cultural Slide23
Income distributionPrevailing sociopolitical and economic obstacles have been implicated in the inadequate utilization and delivery of the Armenian health care system.Sometimes in the families, where lives a person with special needs, one of the parents should stay at home and take care of their child. As the disability pension in Armenia is lower,so the income of that family isn,
t sufficient for them to live. They don’t have any assistance or help from our government. Social – Cultural Slide24
Lifestyle God, you and I know I am lost. I have turned away from You, and lost my way. I humbly ask You to save me from this permanent situation. Thank You for creating me, valuing me and loving me. Thank You for sending the Lord Jesus to cover me by His death from what I eternally deserve and by His resurrection inviting me to eternal rescue. I trust You, Lord Jesus, as my only Savior.”
Social – Cultural Slide25
Technological analysis for facilitating awareness raising campaign
TechnologicalSlide26
Technology Is often described as the most important influence upon societyIt identifies social interests and causes social change
What is technology?“Autonomous Technology” by Langdon Winner, MIT Press (1977) TechnologicalSlide27
materials tools techniques
sources of power to make life easier or more pleasant and work more productive. Whereas science is concerned with how and why things happen, technology focuses on making things happen.http://www.cantechletter.com/2013/01/what-is-technology0103/Technology includes the use of TechnologicalSlide28
Awareness raising can cover a huge range of activities for:
Making people notice things and thus making them commit to somethingPlanting an idea in people's heads and leading them to an "awakening“Helping people understand that they need to stand up for somethingSharing passion, common interestLearning or doing something newmar.zavala http://tinyurl.com/ykcput8 TechnologicalSlide29
Mobile operatorsMass media Internet providersSocial networks
Innovative developments in Armenia TechnologicalSlide30
Rank
OperatorTechnologySubscribers
1
Viva Cell
GSM
,
GPRS
,
EDGE
,
UMTS
,
HSDPA
,
LTE
1,750,000
[1]
(June 2011)1,800,000 (March 2012)
2
Beeline
GSM
,
GPRS
,
EDGE
,
UMTS
,
HSDPA
550,000
[2]
(June 2011)600,000 (March 2012)
3
Orange
GSM
,
GPRS
,
EDGE
,
UMTS
,
HSDPA
330,000
[3]
(June 2011)400,000 (March 2012)
Mobile operators
___________________________________
http://www.akep.al/images/stories/AKEP/statistika/Treguesit-Statistikore-6_Mujori-I-re-2011.pdf
http://www.vodafone.com/etc/medialib/attachments/q3_2010.Par.56671.File.dat/vodafone_q3_results_2010.xls
"Eagle Mobile"
. Eaglemobile.al. 2009-03-12. Retrieved 2011-12-28.
TechnologicalSlide31
RadioArmenia has 9 AM stations, 17 FM stations, and one shortwave station. Television
Armenia has 48 private television stations alongside 2 public networks with major Russian channels widely available throughout the countryMass media TechnologicalSlide32
No
Providers Changes 08/12
1.
Beeline
47.22% / -0.92
2.
Orange
16.42% / -0.96
3.
Ucom
14.62% / +0.83
4.
Vivacell-MTS
9.76% / +0.61
5.
Rostelecom
3.84% / +0.56
6.
ADC
2.71% / -0.26
7.
Arminco
1.91% / -0.01
8.
Karabakh Telecom
0.67% / +0.05
9.
MyLan
0.45% / -0.02
10.
Web
0.42% / -0.03
Internet providers in Armenia
There are approximately 1,400,000 Internet users and approximately 65,279 Internet hosts in Armenia
(CIA World Factbook, 2009: Armenia)
TechnologicalSlide33
Internet usage in Armenia
World Bank and Public Services Regulatory Commission of the Republic of Armenia, 2009-2011 TechnologicalSlide34
Social networks
Main online mediums for sharing news, opinion and information TechnologicalSlide35
users in ArmeniaTotal Facebook Users395340Position in the list112Penetration of population13.32%Penetration of online population29.06%
http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/armenia
TechnologicalSlide36
The growth of the number of the visitors of Facebook from Armenia in June-December 2012 according to Socialbakers.com
http://www.noravank.am/eng/articles/detail.php?ELEMENT_ID=6820 TechnologicalSlide37
Twitter has about 500 million users
The social media research group estimates that Twitter account holders now make up around one-third of the global internet population.Active users of Twitter is about 288 million, marking a 40% of internet usersFacebook has 693 million active usershttp://www.armtown.com/news/en/pan/20130131/143803/ TechnologicalSlide38
Financial regulation
Legal 2013 state budget is 1.15 trillion drams (some $2.84 billion) for spending, with a deficit projected at around 120 billion drams. The 2013 budget envisages AMD 1,031bn – a 13% increase as compared with 2012. Slide39
Social expenditures will have a major share in the total expenditures (41.7%), but social expenditures will slip by
4.1 billion drams from 2012.The deputies claimed it is inappropriate to say the 2013 budget is socially oriented when it has social cuts. Legal Slide40
Employment for people with disabilities One of the criteria for ensuring
equal opportunities for people with disabilities is the employment rate, which is rather low in our country irrespective of the fact that RA legislation includes principles that guarantee the realization of the right of people with disabilities for employment. Legal Source: Strategy of Social Protection of People with Disabilities for 2006-2015 Slide41
An employer cannot fire a person with disabilities who is going through a medical, professional or social rehabilitation process. The involvement of a person with disability in extra work, work during non-working days or nights is allowed only given his/her consent.
For people with disabilities of the 1st and 2nd groups, a shorter working period is defined, not more than 36 hours per week. No trail period can be applied for people with disabilities when admitted to work. Employment for people with disabilities Legal Slide42
IssuesLow rate of employment for people with disabilities of working age.
Unsatisfactory awareness of employers on guarantees provided to people with disabilities by legislation, their rights and guarantees provided to employers in case of hiring a person with disability.Working places are not suited to the needs of people with disabilities. The process of professional education and subsequent securing of employment for people with disabilities is not satisfactory. Legal Slide43
“The Law Looks Good, but it is Not Applicable”"Newly built buildings must be convenient for disabled people. However, constructors still put into operation and the state structures accept buildings where nothing is made for these people or whatever is made is in the wrong way and not applicable.”
Legal Slide44
Environmental
In the past decade, Armenian forests have been aggressively allocated for various economic activities. Today, mining is declared a priority sector by the Armenian government and is being developed intensively. Health problems are particularly acute around big mining areas in the northern and southern parts of the country.Slide45
Environmental
One of the most controversial of the government-sanctioned mining initiatives has been the licensing of the copper-molybdenum deposit in Teghut. This initiative has faced widespread opposition from the environmental non-governmental organizations (NGOs), experts and local communities. But the prevention of an environmental disaster will additionally depend on the mobilized support of international organizations.Slide46
Environmental
Country background Armenia is a landlocked country with a territory of 29,000 sq. kilometers. Armenia has serious environmental problems. It has joined the majority of international environmental conventions. It has continuously received technical and financial support for environmental protection from international organizations. Despite these, the country’s natural environment continues to deteriorate. The country lacks adequate environmental policies and enforcement of environmental laws. In the early 1980s, 11% of the country’s territory was covered by forests. Today this coverage has decreased to 7%. According to experts, at the current rate of deforestation the country will become a desert within 50 years.Slide47
Legal infringements In the opinion of experts, operation of the Teghut mine is in breach of the principles of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, UN Convention on Biodiversity, UN Convention on Combating Desertification, UNESCO World Heritage Convention, European Landscape Convention, UNECE Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context (Espoo Convention) and UNECE Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (Aarhus Convention) – all signed and ratified by the RA.
EnvironmentalSlide48
For additional information please see the list of Large Taxpayers in 2013
For fundraising "GRAND TOBACCO" Armenian-Canadian Joint Venture, Co.LtdAcba-Credit Agrecole BankAmeriabank AnelikbankAni Plaza Hotel Ashtarak KatAvshar WineArarat Bank Artfood Bacon ProductGarant Insurance Eurostan Yerevan Cognac FactoryArmenian Champagne and Wine Factory Cascade Insurance Cardinal International Armrosgazprom
Hovnanyan International Viva Cell MTS
Mentor Graphics Inetrnational Nairi Insurance
Jermuk group
Rusal Armenal Slide49
ReferencesAutonomous Technology” by Langdon Winner, MIT Press (1977)
CIA World Factbook,(2009) Armenia"Eagle Mobile". Eaglemobile.al. 2009-03-12. Retrieved 2011-12-28.mar.zavala http://www.cantechletter.com/2013/01/what-is-technology0103/http://tinyurl.com/ykcput8http://www.akep.al/images/stories/AKEP/statistika/Treguesit-Statistikore-6_Mujori-I-re-2011.pdfhttp://www.vodafone.com/etc/medialib/attachments/q3_2010.Par.56671.File.dat/vodafone_q3_results_2010.xlshttp://www.armtown.com/news/en/pan/20130131/143803/