RENEWABLES AND IMPROVE EFFICIENCY IAIA Montreal Canada 5 April 2017 Ms D Fischer Professor H J Annegarn Ms L Cape CO2 reduction imperative SA carbon intensive economy ID: 592293
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SPATIAL ANALYSIS TO PROMOTE RENEWABLES AND IMPROVE EFFICIENCY:IAIA – Montreal Canada 5 April 2017Ms D Fischer
Professor H. J
Annegarn
,
Ms
L
Cape
Slide2
CO2 reduction imperative
SA carbon intensive economy
77% primary energy from coal
90% for electricity generation
2009, CO
2
emissions
- 9.1 tonnes/capita- global average
4.5
t/c
The National Development Plan – SA to
diversify
energy
choices as a
priority
Integrated Resource plan 2010 to 2030 -
energy mix
includes 17.8
GW
renewable energy
3 725
MW Renewable Energy commissioned by 2016 and 17.8 GW by 2030 – procured by competitive bidding
2011 Renewable Energy Independent Power Producers Procurement Process launched – REI4P
First phase – 5 bid windows
Bid requirement to have a positive Environmental Authorisation Slide3
Success of the REI4P from inception
Windows 1 – 4
Investor involvement - 889
renewable energy
applications submitted between bid window 1 to 4
P
rices reduced by
54% for wind and 76% for solar PV from
bid window 1 to 4
Over 23 000 job opportunities created for South African citizens
12 new industrial facilities established in SA
R53.4 billion in foreign investment and financing to
date
December 2016:
power purchase agreements signed for 3 922 MW
Commissioned -
2 560 MW
June 2016:
7
million tons of CO
2
equivalent reductions
realised
Over
20 years
a
total of 902 million tons – or the equivalent of four full years of
current
electricity emissions at
2014/2015 levels
R19.2
billion
committed towards
social economic development
initiatives
2016 no further power purchase agreements signed – reduce energy needs, costs of new grid Slide4
REI4P – Unintended consequence on EIA numbers
Bid window
Reporting period
Number of new applications
Total number of new applications per bid window
Number of amendments
S&EIR
BAR
Prior to REFIT & REI4P
Prior to 2009
2
0
N/A
Not recorded
1
2009 to 04-11-2011
250
9134120204-11-2011 to 05-03-2012 5459113233 05-03-2012 to 18-08-2013232723041304 18-08-2013 to 19-08-20149633129114Sub-total to bid window 4:634255889287Post 419-08-2014 to 07-07-20154434777 Total: 678258936364
Department structured to receive 400 applications for EA per annum – bid window 3 almost double
EIA
done 3 years prior to construction –
several amendments required
As at
March 2017 - 96
appeals received on
wind and solar authorisations
8.5
% projects receiving environmental authorisations were
preferred bidders (90 of 889)
Low success rate – time spent reviewing unsuccessful
projectsSlide5
REI4P – Quality of information submitted in EIAs – linking of REI4P to a competitive bidding process
reviewed four wind energy applications – against generally accepted impacts of the technology
Speculative nature of the EIAs reduced quality and increased amendments and appeals
Case study 1
Case study 2
Case study 3
Case study 4
Average
Timing of specialist studies
50%
25%
50%
25%
38%
Identification of key impacts associated with wind energy technologies
81%
81%81%71%78.5%Assessment of impacts 72%55%63%72%65.5%Environmental statement provided63%46%46%63%54.5%Identify and propose generally acceptable mitigation measures63%27%27%55%43%Site specific mitigation measures are transferred to the EMPR46%55%46%36%46%
Provide a level of site-specific assessment that exceeds that which could be achieved through a geographical assessment. 46%81%55%
46%
57%
Overall average
55%Slide6
3 SEAs
undertaken
Objective:
best locations for wind/solar/grid based on resource, environmental sensitivity, social and engineering consideration
Reduce workload associated with REI4P applications
Ensure environmental protection Slide7
SEA identified environmental instruments to reduce timeframes and address EIA shortcomings
Developed Integrated Environmental Management
Instruments
Generic EMP for electricity grid infrastructure
Pre-screening tool based on GIS layering of environmental and engineering information
Assessment protocols linked to environmental sensitivity
Gazetting REDZs and power corridors – facilitate spatial planning
Pre-screening tool allows for early identification of
specialist studies to be undertaken
Pre-screening tool identifies impacts for consideration based on environmental sensitivity
Protocols linked to site sensitivity identify the level of assessment required
Protocol identifies requirement for an environmental statement
Generic EMPR identifies mitigation measures for electricity grid infrastructure
Statements identify requirement for mitigation Slide8
Streamlining
allows for post bid authorisations
Bid Window 1
Bid Window 2
Bid Window 3
Bid Window 4
03-08-2011
Amended
17-11-2011
03-02-2012
03-05-2013
20-05-2014
04-11-2011
05-03-2012
18-08-2013
19-08-2014
111214Power purchase agreement to be signed IEM Instruments allows for shortened review timeframes Pre-assessment allows reduced review and authorisation timeframes from 300 to 147 days Appeal 90 days 8 months in total requiredShortened review timeframes allows for post bid authorisations - preferred bidder to financial close 11 months SEA Basic Assessment Process – 147 days 90 daysSUBMIT APPLICATION AND CONSULTATION DOCUMENT Pre-application (Optional)COMPETENT AUTHORITY REVIEW AND DECISION MAKING 57 daysSUBMIT BAR FOR REVIEW COMMENTING AND STATE OWNEDENTITY COMMENT PERIOD 30 DAYSSlide9
Conclusion
Programmes linking competitive bidding to EIA impacts:
Quality
Work levels
SEA – using GIS and applying pre-screening can
Improve spatial planning and implement the avoidance hierarchy
Can improve quality of information submitted to the EIA process
Can reduce workload
Achieve by:
Improving environmental information
Streamlined processes
Ability to defer EIA process by reducing potential fo
r fatal flaws 899 – 90
Spatial planning can promote renewables and improve efficiency Slide10