Academic Biology Enzyme A large protein molecule Specific shape with deep folds on its surface Deep folds form pockets called active site EnzymeSubstrate The shape of the enzyme active site ID: 585332
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Slide1
Understanding Enzymes
Academic BiologySlide2
Enzyme
A large protein moleculeSpecific shape with deep folds on its surfaceDeep folds form pockets called active siteSlide3
Enzyme-Substrate
The shape of the enzyme active site allows another molecule to fit like a “lock and key” or “puzzle pieces”.
This molecule is the
substrate
and is specific to the enzyme it fits into.Slide4
Enzyme-substrate reaction
A chemical reaction occurs for the substrate at the active site.The one molecule can be broken down into two or more molecules (decomposition)Or two or more molecules can be made into one larger molecule (synthesis)Slide5
Shape of Enzyme is Important
If the enzyme environment becomes too hot, the enzyme shape will changeOnce the shape changes, the substrate will not fit any moreOnce the active site is no longer the shape of the substrate, the enzyme is no longer functional.
The enzyme is now
denatured,
meaning that it no longer works.Slide6
pH can also alter the shape of the active site
This enzyme was changed by the environment becoming too acidic.Slide7
Enzyme Notes
Enzymes are protein molecules.Function depends upon
shape.
Enzymes
speed up
chemical reactions.
Enzymes lower the amount of
activation energy
.
Enzymes bind to specific
substrates
at the
active site.
Enzymes are specific depending upon maintaining shape.
Enzymes can become denatured when their shape changes.Slide8
Enzyme notes (Continued)
If the shape changes, the enzyme can no longer work.Enzyme shape can be affected by changes in
temperature
or
pH
.
Enzymes are called catalysts
because they make the chemical reactions occur faster.
Enzyme-substrate
is the combination of an enzyme and its substrate at the active site. It may be called a “Lock and Key” model
.
Enzymes end in
“
ase
” and the prefix relates to the substrate it binds to.Enzymes can either combine
or break apart substrates.Slide9
Definition map