By Aishu Anand What is Food Poisoning Food poisoning occurs when you swallow food or water that contains bacteria parasites viruses or toxins made by these germs Most cases of food poisoning are from common bacteria such as Staphylococcus or ID: 430652
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Slide1
What is Food Poisoning?
By:
Aishu
AnandSlide2
What is Food Poisoning?
“
Food poisoning occurs when you swallow food or water that contains bacteria, parasites, viruses, or toxins made by these germs. Most cases of food poisoning are from common bacteria such as Staphylococcus or
E. coli
.
”
Food poisoning is caused when your body receives contaminated food, bacteria's, viruses’, and parasites’ toxins. Slide3
Causes
Bacteria infect the intestines, causing inflammation and problems with normal absorption of food and water.
They produce toxins that are poisonous to the human body system.
“
When ingested, these chemicals can lead to nausea and vomiting, kidney failure, and even death
.”
Some examples of bacteria are:
Campylobacter
Staphylococcus
aureus
Eschericia
coli (E. coli)
Shigella
Clostridium
botulinum
Clostridium
perfringens
Giardia
lamblia
Hepatitis A
Listeria
Noroviruses
Rotavirus
Salmonella
Vibrio
vulnificusSlide4
Transmission
“
Campylobacter
is the world's
most commonly
identified food–borne bacterial infection. It is transmitted by water contaminated by animal feces raw poultry, and raw milk
.”
“
Staphylococcus aureus is transmitted in foods such as cream–filled cakes and pies, salads (potato, macaroni, egg, and tuna salads, for example) and dairy products. Contaminated potato salad at a picnic is a classic and occurs when the food is not chilled properly.”“Hepatitis A can be spread from an infected food handeler working with raw/ready-to-eat produce.”
“
Eschericia
coli (E. coli)
causes large amounts of watery diarrhea and then turns into bloody diarrhea. There are many different types of this bacterium but the worst strain can cause kidney failure and
death. It
is transmitted by eating raw or undercooked hamburger, unpasteurized
milk/juices
, contaminated well
water/produce.”
“
Shigella
which is know as traveler’s diarrhea, can cause diarrhea containing blood or mucus or both, and the constant urge to have bowel movements. It is transmitted in water polluted with human wastes”Slide5
Bacteria
Start of Disease
Means of Transmission
Campylobacter
2-5 days
Meat, poultry, contaminated water, unpasteurized milk,
etc.
Clostridium
botulinum12-72 hours
Canned
food and food kept at warm temperatures for too long.
Clostridium
perfringens
8-16 hours
Meats, stews, gravies, or when food is chilled
too slowly.
Escherichia coli (E. Coli)
1-8 days
Undercooked
beef, unpasteurized liquids, etc.
Giardia
lamblia
1-2 weeks
Raw food, or contaminated water.
Hepatitis
A
28 days
Raw food and shellfish from contaminated water.
Listeria
9-48 hours
Luncheon meats, unpasteurized
liquids.
Norovirus
12-48 hours
See
Giardia
lamblia
Rotavirus
1-3 days
See aboveSlide6
Bacteria
Start
of Disease
Means of Transmission
Shigella
24-48 hours
See Giardia
lambliaStaphylococcus aureus
1-6 hours
Cream
sauces and cream filled pastries. Spread by contact
Vibro
Vulnoficus
1-7 days
Raw/undercooked sea food/water.Slide7
Symptoms
Symptoms usually start within a few hours of eating the food or drinking the fluid. The time duration varies, depending on the type of food poisoning.
Some symptoms include having abdominal cramps, diarrhea (sometimes may be bloody), fever, chills, headache, nausea, vomiting, weakness (may be very serious)
Consult your doctor is you experience the following:
Often vomiting (blood sometimes)
Diarrhea for a few days
Blood in your bowel movements
Abdominal cramps/pain
Dehydration (little urination/dizziness/weakness/etc.)Double visionMuscle weakness that gets worse.Slide8
Treatment
Make sure you replace your body’s fluids and minerals, such as sodium, potassium, and calcium that maintain your body’s fluid balance.
You doctor may prescribe you medicine. Make sure you take these, even if you feel well after a couple of days.
Stop eating and drinking for a few hours to let your stomach settle down.
Take small sips of water. Infected adults should try to drink up to 16 glasses of water per day.
Avoid certain foods/drinks until you’re well enough.
Resort to hospitalization should occur if there is vomiting blood, yellow eyes or skin, problems breathing, a swollen abdomen, swollen joints, or a sharp abdominal pain that lasts for more than 15 minutes
.Slide9
Preventing Food Poisoning
Make sure that food from animal sources (meat, dairy, eggs) is cooked thoroughly or pasteurized. Using a thermometer is recommended.
Avoid eating raw or undercooked meats and eggs. Check expiration dates on meats before purchasing and again before preparing.
Don’t defrost food in room temperature! Instead, use the ‘defrost’ option on your microwave.
Make sure that your food is cooked at a safe temperature. When cooking to the right temperature, you kill most of the harmful organisms living on the substance.
Be careful to keep juices or drippings from raw meat, poultry, shellfish, or eggs from contaminating other foods.
Do not leave eggs, meats, poultry, seafood, or milk for extended periods of time at room temperature. Promptly refrigerate leftovers and food prepared in advance.
Wash your hands, cutting boards, and knives with antibacterial soap and warm to hot water after handling raw meat, poultry, seafood, or eggs. Wooden cutting boards are not recommended since they can be harder to clean completely.Slide10
Campylobacter Bacteria
Most Common Food
Poisoning Symptoms
ExamplesSlide11
The Bacteria’s Cycle
Most prokaryotes reproduce
asexually through
a process called binary fission. During binary fission, the single DNA molecule replicates and the original cell is divided into two identical cells. Binary fission begins with the single DNA molecule replicating and both copies attaching to the cell membrane
.
Next, the cell membrane begins to grow between the two DNA molecules. Once the bacterium just about doubles its original size, the cell membrane begins to pinch inward.
A cell wall then forms between the two DNA molecules dividing the original cell into two identical daughter
cells. Slide12
Bibliography
http://www.mayoclinic.com
http://
www.aboutfoodpoisoning.com/how-long-does-food-poisoning-last.html
http://
health.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/food-poisoning/overview.html
http://
www.medical-library.net/content/view/526/41http://pediatrics.about.com/od/safety/a/food_poisoning.htmhttp://biology.about.com/od/cellanatomy/ss/prokaryotes_2.htmSlide13
References:
www.slideshare.com