Support bones help support and provide shape to the body Protection provides protection to internal organs Mineral storage calcium and phosphorus make bones strong and help with oxygen Hemopoiesis ID: 409246
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Slide1
Skeletal System Functions
Support: bones help support and provide shape to the body
Protection: provides protection to internal organs
Mineral storage: calcium and phosphorus make bones strong and help with oxygen
Hemopoiesis
: blood cell formation that occurs in the red bone marrowSlide2
Cont.
Movement: anchors muscle and helps move limbs
Pronation-turn downward or backward
Supination- to turn forward or upward
Flexion- decreases the angle between two bones
Extension-increasing the angle between two bonesSlide3
Rotation-movement around one central axis
Abduction-movement away from the midline of the body
Adduction-toward the midline
Circumduction- circular movement at a jointSlide4Slide5
Skeletal System Disorders
Arthritis: inflammation of the joints
2 types
Osteoarthritis- most common joint disorder, cause from aging wear and tear, symptoms are joint stiffness, tenderness, swelling, Rx is medication, lifestyle changesSlide6
Skeletal System Disorders
Rheumatoid arthritis- symptoms are stiffness, joint pain and loss of ROM, cause is unknown, Rx is to alleviate symptomsSlide7
Skeletal System Disorders
Gout: type of arthritis from high uric acid in joints
Symptoms- starts in big toes
, throbbing pain, swelling, tender, red
Cause- uric acid build up (diabetes, obesity, kidney disease)
Rx-ibuprofen, steroids, medication to reduce uric acidSlide8
Skeletal System Disorders
Osteoporosis: bones become weak and fragile, porous
Cause: low calcium, estrogen, steroid use
Rx: calcium, meds to make bone stronger, lifestyle changes,
Symp
: pain, shrinking, easy breaks Slide9
Skeletal System Disorders
Rickets is softening and weakening of the bones
Symp
: bone pain, tenderness, teeth
deformaties
Cause: vitamin D defeciency Rx- replace vitamin D, eat orangesSlide10
Skeletal System Disorders
Abnormal Spinal Curvatures
KYPHOSIS
– humped curvature in the thoracic area of the
spine “hunchback”
LORDOSIS – exaggerated inward curvature
in the lumbar region of the spine just above
the sacrum ”swayback”SCOLIOSIS – side to side or lateral curvature of the spineSlide11
Skeletal System Disorders
Kyphosis
Lordosis
ScoliosisSlide12
Skeletal System Disorders
Trauma's
Dislocation: bone is displaced from its proper position in a
joint
Strain
: overstretching
or tearing of a muscleFractures: bone break
Sprain: wrenching of a joint, causing a stretching or tearing of ligamentsSlide13
Fractures
Greenstick
: fracture common in children -
occurs when the bone
is
bent and splintered
but never completely separatesSimple: bone is broken but no skin is puncturedComminuted: bone is broken or splintered in many pieces embedded in surrounding tissue
Compound- most serious, broken bone protrudes through skinSlide14
Fractures Slide15
Fractures:
Rx:
Open reduction: surgical intervention with devices such as wires, metal plates or screws to hold the bone in alignment
Closed reduction: bone fragments are brought into alignment by manipulation and a cast or
splint is applied
Traction: pulling force is used to hold the bones
in place after a fracture