wednesday - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

wednesday, 10/7 & Thursday, 10/8

Today’s Agenda:

Calendar Distribution

2) Grammar Lesson: Clauses and Phrases

3) Hero Cycle Notes, continued

Homework:

Prepare for Root Words Quiz #3 on Friday/Tuesday

Bring flash cards from all three lists for bonus points!

Complete Online Lesson #2: Sentence Combining w/ Phrases & ClausesSlide2

Grammar Time: The Clause v. the phraseA

CLAUSE:

A PHRASE:

…is a group of words that contains a subject

(noun or pronoun performing an action) and a predicate (verb)

…is a group of words that might contain a noun

OR a verb, but it does not contain both

Independent Clause (a sentence!)

Dependent Clause

Adverbial

Clause

Noun Clause

Prepositional phrase

Participial phrase

Gerund phrase

Infinitive

phraseSlide3

CLAUSesA group of words that includes a subject and a verbKermit rode his bike to Hollywood.Kermit rode his bike to Hollywood.

Subj

+

verb

 complete thought = independent clauseEven though his legs were scrawny, Kermit rode his bike to Hollywood.[Even though his legs were scrawny] = dependent clause

S

VSlide4

CLAUSesA group of words that includes a subject and a verbI like books.Noun clause: I like

what I see

.

I

like what I see.I smacked my alarm clock hourly.Adverbial clause: I smacked my alarm clock until I broke it.I smacked my alarm clock until I broke it.Slide5

Phrases!A phrase is a group of related words that does not include a subject or verb. (If it did contain a subject and verb, it would be called a CLAUSE!)Prepositional phrases begin with a preposition and typically answer the questions “when” or “where.”

Ernest Hemingway was fond of prepositional phrases:

The hills

across the valley

of the Ebro were long and white. On this side there was no shade and no trees and the station was between two lines of rails in the sun. Close

against the side

of the station

there was the warm shadow

of the building

and a curtain, made

of strings

of bamboo beads

, hung

across the open door

into the bar

, to keep out flies. The American and the girl

with him

sat

at a table

in the shade

,

outside the building

. It was very hot and the express

from Barcelona

would come

in forty minutes

. It stopped

at this junction

for two minutes and went

on

to Madrid. Slide6

Prepositional phrases add detail to a sentence. Even though prep phrases contain nouns, a prepositional phrase will NEVER contain the subject of the sentence. Neither of these cookbooks contains the recipe for Manhattan-style squid eyeball stew. Neither 

of these cookbooks

contains

the recipe

for Manhattan-style squid eyeball stew. Tommy, along with the other students, breathed a sigh of relief when Mrs. Higginbottom postposted the exam. Tommy, along with the other students, breathed a sigh of relief when Mrs. Higginbottom postposted the exam.Slide7

Where’s the preposition at?!? You may have heard that ending a sentence with a preposition is a no-no. That’s true. You should change “Who are you going with?” to “With whom are you going? However…when changing it results in something really awkward, don’t do it! Like this famous quotation from Winston Churchill:

“That is nonsense up with

which I will not put.”