JUNE 2014 MAY 2015 BY STELLA ORAKA CDC IPPC REP FOR AFRICA S ituation reports of spreading invasive pests of importance Locust Emergency Response Programme in Madagascar Food security for 13 million at risk due to locust plague 288 million mobilized 106 needed to complete ID: 604671
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UPDATES ON PEST SITUATION AND PHYTOSANITARY ACTIVITIES IN AFRICAJUNE 2014 --MAY 2015.
BY
STELLA ORAKA
CDC/ IPPC REP. FOR AFRICASlide2
Situation reports of spreading invasive pests of importance
Locust Emergency Response
Programme
in Madagascar
: Food security for 13 million at risk due to locust plague. $28.8 million mobilized, $10.6 needed to complete campaign by May 2015 and avoid pest resurgence and waste of applied resources. Cost of ceasing is far greater than amount spent so far says FAO REP, Madagascar.
Island also prone to drought and cyclones, may join locust plague to cause about 40% crop loss.Slide3
Globally, Deadly TR4 of Banana Fusarium in Mozambique
Tropical Race 4 of Banana
Fusarium
wilt,
Fusarium
oxysporium
reported in
four countries in Africa, Asia, Australia, Latin America and poising to spread.
Commercial
variety,Cavadish
fallen to disease which causes wilt and mass die-off.
International experts recommend 3-prong strategy
viz
1. Prevent future outbreaks, 2. Manage existing cases 3.
Strenghten
international
colloboration
and coordination.Slide4
Globally, Deadly TR4 of Banana Fusarium in Mozambique (cont’d)
Considered as top threat to global banana industry worth $36 billion and source of income of 400 million people. Disease is also a grave danger to food security as 85% total banana production is consumed domestically
$47 million is estimated by FAO for the control work.Slide5
Tuta absoluta (tomato leaf miner
Originates
from South
America, emerged
in
Europe 2006,
successfully invaded parts of the European Union (EU), North Africa and some west and east
African(e.g. Kenya 2014) countries.
Jugding
for rate of spread may enter South Africa by end of 2015.
Causes yield losses of up to 50% - 100% and can rapidly develop resistance to pesticides.
S.A. Plant Protection & DAFF developing early warning system for pest as part of South
African Emergency Plant Pest Response Plan Slide6
Tuta absoluta (tomato leaf miner(cont’d)
S.A. Plant Protection & DAFF developing early warning system for pest as part of South
African Emergency Plant Pest Response
Plan.
Presently the pest is strictly controlled through quarantine and
t
omato fruits should be from green vegetative parts
Slide7
Potato cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis
) reported in Kenya
Only
control measure is to stop potato production in infested farms for up to 7
years but can remain for 30 years.
Pest originated from Peru, occur in Algeria, Libya,
Tunisia and Morocco (under
quarantines. Controlled in Sierra Leone.Slide8
Controls of food security threats and pests in the Southern
Africa
$4 million fund better management of
transboundary
plant and animal pests and disease has been by African Solidarity fund to benefit 8 countries
viz
: Angola,
Botwana
, Madagascar, South Africa, Mozambique, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe in Southern Africa.
An initiative for mobilizing resources ‘from Africa for Africa’.Slide9
Biosecurity Project for ten African countries
– Australian investment
The Australian
International Food Security Research Centre launched
of a two-year, $800,000
initiative
for
sub-Saharan Africa to
help 10 countries become better equipped to combat plant biosecurity
threats.
Project covers
food
safety
hazards, animal diseases and plant
pests.
chief executive of the Plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research
Centre said that "
pests and diseases are the single biggest threat to the quality and safety of
produce in Africa, hinder economic growth and contribute to poverty.Slide10
Biosecurity Project for ten African countries
– Australian investment (
contd
)
Fusarium
wilt
, also known as Panama disease,
spread from Asia to Africa
.
In 2003,
Bactrocera
invadens
, a highly destructive Asian fruit fly pest, was detected in Kenya and has spread across the continent.
Tuta
absoluta
– a tomato pest – was reported for the first time in Senegal in 2012, and is moving south through the continent.
"Maize lethal necrosis virus
, another new example, is causing major crop losses in
east. Africa.
Other invasive pests:
Cassava brown streak virus
,
banana bunchy top virus
,
cassava mosaic virusSlide11
Biosecurity Project for ten African countries
– Australian investment (
contd
)
Are biosecurity measures getting worse?
"Pests are moving a lot more now, and the preparedness of countries is
weak’’ says experts.
Plant Biosecurity Capacity Development
Initiative include
placements of African specialists in relevant Australian institutions; workshops in
Africa, mentoring
programme
and funding to help participants develop biosecurity action plans at national and regional
level.Slide12
Fruitfly control: capacity building initiatives
FAO/IAEA Regional Training Course on Fruit Fly
Biocontrol
in West
Africa.
Regional TC Project RAF5061). 2–6 March 2015, Nairobi, Kenya
.
FAO/IAEA Regional Meeting on SIT
Application
, Including Rearing, Irradiation and Release of Fruit Flies (under TC Project RAF5062).
24–
26 June 2015
Reduit
,
Mauritius.
Training course in taxonomy and systematics of
Afrcan
fruit flies organized by Royal Museum for Central Africa, Belgium and
Sokoine
University of Agriculture, Tanzania from 04-20 May 2015. Slide13
Fruitfly control: capacity building initiatives(contd)
Zimbabwe Ministry of Agriculture,
Mechanisation
and Irrigation Development and FAO has launched a project to control
fruitfly
that will run till December 2015. Banks and financial institutions were also encourage to support the initiative in order for the country to surmount restrictions placed on fruit and vegetable exports by her trading partners as result of the pest.Slide14
SUCCESS STORIES
Ethiopia earn $114 million from fruits and vegetable exports
to EU, YEMEN, SOMALIA, DJIBOUTI, SUDAN AND OTHERS in the first 6 months. It earned $246 million in fiscal year ending
july
2014. New investors come from Netherlands, India, Ecuador and Saudi Arabia.
Morocco, not a food insecure country
, has avoided political upheaval arising for Arab Spring, developed agriculture on two pillars
viz
: focus on 1.large farms and 2. small holder and family farming. Economic growth was 5% in 2011, 4.4 % in 2013. Slide15
SUCCESS STORIES(contd)
West and Central African Council of Agricultural Research and Development(CORAL/WECARD
) has produced 70 short films with over 8100 views on You Tube targeted at about 318 million people of which 70% live in rural areas. Viewer get a glimpse of the 55 coordinated projects putting farmers in the
centre
of the innovative practices and encourages learning through interchange of ideas,
sucesses
, failures between
stakehoders
.Slide16
SUCCESS STORIES(contd)
Fruit Fly Africa
is an
industry owned service body created to plan, co-ordinate and execute area-wide fruit fly control
programmes
in South Africa.
Area based
programmes
are tailor-made for specific production
regions and
Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) forms part of the integrated approach.
U
p
to 14 million
sterile Medfly
males per week are currently produced at the
Medfly mass rearing facility.
Host plant management, trap setting, monitoring of FF population,
Baiting of non-farm hotspots, releases of sterile fruit flies
,
Liaising
with national and international fruit fly and SIT experts