Anatomy of the Heart Vena Cava inferior and superior RightLeft Atrium RightLeft Ventricle Pulmonary Arteryvein Aorta Valves generally Oxygenated and nonoxygenated Blood flow through heart ID: 1035926
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1. Biology ReviewSubtitle
2. Circulatory SystemAnatomy of the HeartVena Cava (inferior and superior)Right/Left AtriumRight/Left VentriclePulmonary Artery/veinAortaValves (generally)Oxygenated and non-oxygenatedBlood flow through heart
3. ExampleThe heart pumps both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. Which of the structures labeled above contain oxygenated blood? Answer: ________ _______ _______ _______
4. Blood VesselsArtery, Veins, CapillariesDirection, oxygen content, structure (elasticity vs. valves), pressure
5. ExampleThe type of blood vessel depicted in the diagram is A. a vein B. an artery C. a capillary D. arteriole
6. ExampleDuring chemotherapy, a drug is injected into a vein in the patient’s arm. The sequence in which the drug moves through the four parts of the circulatory system listed above is ______, ______, ______, and ______.
7. Blood PressureSystolic and DiastolicReading heart pressureUsing a Sphygmomanometer Factors affecting blood pressureFactors affecting heart rate
8. Cardiovascular Diseases and other medical issuesVaricose VeinsAtherosclerosis, arteriosclerosis, angina, aneurysm, heart attack, stroke, septal heart defectLDL vs HDL
9. Components of bloodComponentRolePercentageShapeRed blood cell(Erythrocytes)Carrying hemoglobin which can carry oxygen~45%White Blood Cell(leukocytes)Fighting infections<1%Platelets(Thrombocytes)The clotting process<1%PlasmaCarrying ionsHolds blood cells in suspension~55%N/A
10. ExampleDoctors and technicians at a medical clinic treat and counsel patients and carry out technical procedures during their daily routines.Blood clotting factors are routinely tested. Clotting is initiated byplateletshelper T cellsred blood cellswhite blood cells
11. Components of Blood
12. Clotting Process
13. Immune SystemFirst lines of defenseSkin, hair, stomach pH, eye lashes How do diseases spread?Pathogens, protozoans, viruses, vectorsAutoimmune DiseaseRheumatoid Arteritis, allergies, anaphylactic shock
14. Immune ResponseMacrophagesAntigensT CellsHelperKillerMemorySuppressorB CellsAntibody
15. ChromosomesLocationNumber in humans
16. KaryotypingGenetic Disorders21-down syndromeReading Pair 23
17. Mitosis and MeiosisTypeMitosisMeiosisCells madeAutosomal CellsSex cellsNumber of Separations12Daughter Cells24Name of cells madeDiploid CellsHaploid cellsChromosomes in daughter cells (human)4623
18. Selective Breeding
19. Genetics Dominant vs Recessive GenesDominant vs Recessive GenesPunnett Squares Homozygous vs Heterozygous Genotype vs PhenotypeSex linked traits
20. ExampleThe sets of parents listed above that could produce a child who has normal pigmentation are those numbered ______, ______, ______, and ______.
21. ExampleWhich of the following crosses would provide the greatest probability for albinism in the offspring?AA × aaAa × AaAa × aaAa × AA
22. Example
23. Genotypes and PhenotypesGenotypeHeterozygous, homozygousBb, BB, rrPhenotypesBlonde hair, color-blind
24. Sex-linkedFemale XXMale XY
25. DNA Structure, Nucleotides Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine and ThymineAmino Acids (Triplets) and Protein Synthesis
26. Mutations Mutation/Mutagen ExamplesPoint MutationFrameshift MutationAdditionDeletionPedigree ChartsGenetic DiseasesCystic FibrosisHuntington's diseaseHemophiliaBeneficial Mutations
27. Pedigree Charts
28. Example1. A doctor used the colorblindness pedigree above to trace red-green colorblindness in a family. According to this pedigree, how many women in the family are colorblind?A. oneB. fourC. fiveD. none2. The genotype and phenotype of II-5 are, respectively, A. homozygous and colorblind B. heterozygous and colorblind C. homozygous and not colorblind D. heterozygous and not colorblind
29. Gene TechnologiesTransgenicGenetic EngineeringRecombinant DNAGene Therapy