Some vocab Statistics is the art of solving problems and answering questions by collecting and analysing data Data are the facts or information we collect and analyze plural note datum is the singular term ID: 237616
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Slide1
STATISTICSSlide2
Some vocab
Statistics
is
the
art of solving problems and answering questions by collecting and analysing data.Data are the facts or information we collect and analyze. (plural)(note datum is the singular term)Data set- a list of unorganized data. Often called the raw dataSlide3
Raw Data
.....just the numbersSlide4
Statistical Investigation
Step 1: Examining a problem which might be solved using data and asking questions (how many students ride bikes to school)
Step 2: Collecting the data
Step 3: Organising the data.
Step 4: Summarising and displaying the data.Step 5: Analysing the data, and making a conclusionStep 6: Writing a report (presenting your findings)Slide5
Census/Sample
A census is a method which involves collecting data about EVERY individual in a
whole
population.
A sample is a method which involves collecting data about a part of the population.Not as detailed or accurate as census, but easier.Slide6
Problems with a sample
A sample can be biased if the data has been unfairly influedned in the collection
p
rocess. A biased sample won’t represent the whole population
Question
: Are you good at climbing trees?Slide7
Other problems
Question:
Do Americans
like cheese burgers???I am American.I like cheese burgers.There fore ALL Americans like cheeseburgers.Valid argument?!?! Could use Logic!A sample must be sufficiently large to represent the whole populationSlide8
Variables in Statistics
Categorical variable – describes qualities or characteristics. Can be divided into
categories.
The information is called categorical data.Examples. Getting to school: Bus, train, bike, car, walking.Color of eyes: Slide9
Variables in statistics
Quantitative variable- has a numerical value, and is often called a
numerical
variable.
The information collected is called numerical data.Can be discrete or continuous.A quantitative discrete variable
takes exact number values. (
Think
counting)
Examples. Number of people in a house hold
The score out of 30 on a test
The number of sunny days in Stavanger. 1,2,3,4,.....Slide10
Variables in Statistics
A quantitative
continuous variable
takes numerical values within a certian CONTINOUS range. (think measuring)
Examples.The weights of new born babiesThe heights of 9th grade studentsTimeSlide11
What do you think?
Classify the following variables as categorical, quantitative discrete, or quantitative continous.
A. The brand of shoes a person wears
B. The number of cousins a person has
C. The temperature of my coffeeD. The number of cars a household ownsE. The voting intention at the next electionF. Cost of houses on a streetG. Height of 11th gradersH. Favorite type of food
I. Town or city where a person was bornSlide12
Presenting and Interpreting Categorical DataSlide13Slide14Slide15Slide16Slide17
What is the PERCENTAGE of the pie I have eaten (estimate)Slide18Slide19Slide20Slide21Slide22
Presenting and Interpreting Numerical Data
Freqency= number of times the data occursMode= most frequently occuring dataSlide23
Presenting and Interpreting DataSlide24
Presenting and Interpreting DataSlide25
Presenting and Interpreting DataSlide26
The Distribution of Data
(going to lunch)Slide27Slide28Slide29
OutliersSlide30Slide31Slide32Slide33Slide34
Interesting Statistics
http://www.worldometers.info/
http://www.informationisbeautiful.net/visualizations
/
http://www.babynamewizard.com/voyager#ms=false&exact=falsehttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7137462.stm