The League of Arab States was established by a pact signed on March 22 1945 at the conclusion of a conference held in Cairo Egypt attended by representatives of Egypt Iraq Jordan Lebanon Saudi Arabia Syria ID: 1003515
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1. LEAGUE OF ARAB STATES
2. Origin and Founding of the League of Arab StatesThe League of Arab States was established by a pact signed on March 22, 1945 at the conclusion of a conference held in Cairo, Egypt, attended by representatives of Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria and Yemen.The establishment of the league of Arab States, an organization gathering Arab countries, came as a response to calls for Arab unity that were been putting forward for the past several centuries. The atmosphere of the first half of the forties (of the twentieth century) was suitable for the realization of Arab unity.
3. The notion of Arab unity was elaborated on during the Second World War; this was due to several factors, mainly the growth of Arab national movements and the resistance against colonialiststhe need to establish a kind of regional order between the Arab States as the result of the increase in the number of independent Arab countries, and the urgent need to face the dangers represented by the Zionist Movement.
4. Main Goals of the League of Arab States1.to serve the common good of all Arab countries, 2.ensure better conditions for all Arab countries, 3.Guarantee the future of all Arab countries 4.fulfill the hopes and expectations of all Arab countries. 5.Alongside, the goals the League set for itself were winning independence for all Arabs still under alien rule. 6.to prevent the Jewish minority in Palestine (then governed by the British) from creating a Jewish state.
5. Status and Membership of the League of Arab StatesThe Arab League's membership has expanded from seven Arab Member States, forming a total number of independent Arab countries during the mid-forties, to 23 Arab Member States, forming the total number of Member States in the Arab Regional System.The 23 members are: Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen.
6. The league of Arab States is a regional organization. Its Secretary General, Assistant Secretaries, representatives and staff, as well as the representatives of its members enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunities. Its headquarters is located in Cairo, Egypt.League of Arab differs from most of regional organizations:-its membership is based on ethnic origin and culture rather than geographic location.It differs notably from some other regional organizations such as the European Union, in that it has not achieved any significant degree of regional integration and the organization itself has no direct relations with the citizens of its member states
7. The League of Arab States is an inter-governmental organization, not a supranational organization. It is based on voluntary cooperation between its members, and on principles of sovereignty, equality and mutual respect. Both principles of sovereignty and equality are the basis of unanimous vote required for the adoption of decisions of the League Council. The Unanimous vote principle adopted by the Pact has definitely positive and negative impacts on the work of the League of Arab States.
8. Purposes of the League of Arab StatesThe purposes of the League of Arab States as stated in its Pact and its resolutions are the following: 1) To strengthen the relations between the member states.2) To coordinate the policies of the member states, in order to achieve cooperation between them and to safeguard their independence and sovereignty.3) To consider in a general way the affairs and interests of the Arab counties.4) To cooperate the economic and financial affairs
9. 5) To settle by peaceful means disputes between the member states.6) To consolidate and coordinate the armed forces of the member states. 7) To determine measures to repel aggression against any member. Any armed aggression against one is directed against all, and consequently the league shall assist collectively and individually the one attacked.
10. Organizational Structure of the League of Arab StatesThe Pact of the League of Arab States provided the establishment of three main organs, namely: 1. the League Council, 2. Permanent Committees 3. the General Secretariat.
11. 1. Council of the League of Arab States The Council is the Supreme Authority functioning within the Arab League. It consists of all the Arab League Member States representatives, including the Palestine Liberation Organization. Member States have the right in determining the level of representation, to be at the level of Heads of States or at a lesser level, the level of representation does not change the Council’s nature.
12. The Council meets twice a year. It can convene in special session upon the request of two member states whenever the need arises. Each member state has one vote.Resolutions of the Council taken by unanimous vote are binding on all Member States; resolutions not adopted by unanimous vote are binding only on the assenting states.The Council is entrusted mainly to achieve the realization of the League’s purposes and to supervise the agreements concluded by its members.
13. In this regard, it is endeavored to exercise the following functions:1) Undertaking the necessary measures to repel aggression against any member state.2) Settlement, by peaceful means, disputes and conflicts between the member states.3) Laying down the basic internal statute of the Council, Permanent Committees and the General Secretariat.4) Determining and adopting the Member States' quotas in the Arab League Budget.
14. 5) Appointing the Secretary General of the League of Arab States.6) Determining means of co-operation with International Organizations so as to maintain international peace and security.7) Carrying out the agreements ratified by the Member States, in various fields.
15. 2. Permanent Committees The Pact of the Arab League provides the formation of a number of permanent committees concerned with all forms and activities of co-operation between the Member States.These committees have to be increased in number and modernized, so as to keep pace with the new developments occurring to the Arab relations. Each member state is represented by one single representative having one single vote.
16. Each permanent committee is presided by a chairman appointed by the League Council for a period of two years renewable.Meetings of a committee require the presence of the majority of its members. Resolutions of a committee are adopted by majority votes of its members. The Committees have the right to form sub-committees, to be concerned with specialized technical affairs.They also have the right to recommend for calling upon the Arab League Member States to pass over their experience to the Committees.
17. 3. General Secretariat The General Secretariat is the administrative organ of the League. It is headed by the Secretary General who is appointed by the League Council for a period of 5 years renewable.It consists of Assistant Secretaries General appointed by the Secretary General upon the approval of the Council for a period of 5 years renewable, and of staff appointed by the Secretary General. It is divided into several departments concerned with political, economic, social, and legal affairs.
18. The Secretary General is entrusted with the following responsibilities:1) The right to attend the Arab League Council, and take part in discussion of matters, presented to it.2) The right to represent the Arab League in international organizations.3) Calling upon the Arab League Council and its related permanent Committees, to hold meetings.4) The right of drawing the attention of the Council or the Arab League Member States, to any subject, which the Secretary General considers important.5) Preparing the Arab League Budget
19. 6) Determining the dates of the Arab League Council Session.7) The right to speak on behalf of the Arab League, as well as present the necessary data to the public opinion.8) Follow-up of resolutions adopted by the Arab League Council and its Committees.9) The right to present verbal or written reports or data relating to any subject discussed by the Council.10) Organizing the related secretarial work.
20. Homework Why was Egypt suspended from the Arab League..?