World War II February 27March 3 2017 Why are we here this week Students will evaluate and discuss military strategies utilized by the Allies during WW II as part of the Ch 36 History Alive ID: 714643
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Week 26 Unit III:“Fighting World War II”
February 27-March 3, 2017Slide2
Why are we here this week?
Students will evaluate and discuss military strategies utilized by the Allies during WW II as part of the Ch. 36
History Alive
simulation.
Students will examine and record notes on the World War II Safari Montage video.
Students will present and discuss current events.Slide3
2/27
: Who is your “favorite” person in the world and why?
Monday, February
27, 2017 I. Conversation Piece Holocaust Debrief II. Ch. 36: Fighting World War II Map annotations…Sec. 2-5…25 points “Basketball” scenario Read section 1
Homework:
Review Ch. 36 (readings & map annotations)
Examine FC 136 & 137…
written summaries coming soon!Slide4
True or False? OTHER?Slide5
THANK YOU!…for your respectful attention & participation
Creation of Israel by way of
United Nations
Partition Plan (1947-48)Slide6
The holocaust was a watershed event in human history. In the aftermath of World War II, the world—from individual nations to the United Nations; from religious leaders to professionals in fields as diverse as law, medicine, and science; from presidents and prime ministers to private citizens—confronted its legacy. In light of the moral failures that allowed the Holocaust to happen:
• Nations pledged to prevent and punish the crime of “genocide.”
Criminal trials established that government officials who commit crimes against humanity could be held accountable by international tribunals.
International protection of human rights expanded dramatically.
The idea of “informed consent” influenced ethical approaches to medical experimentation on human beings.Protections for refugees were broadened.The idea of a Jewish homeland gained urgency.The movement towards reconciliation between Christians & Jews advanced.Slide7
What shapes a person’s will?Slide8
The Righteous of the Nationshttp://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/index.asp
Attitudes towards the Jews during the Holocaust mostly ranged from indifference to hostility. The mainstream watched as their former neighbors were rounded up and killed; some collaborated with the perpetrators; many benefited from the expropriation of the Jews property.
In a world of total moral collapse there was a small minority who mustered extraordinary courage to uphold human values. These were the Righteous Among the Nations. They stand in stark contrast to the mainstream of indifference and hostility that prevailed during the Holocaust. Contrary to the general trend, these rescuers regarded the Jews as fellow human beings who came within the bounds of their universe of obligation.
Most rescuers started off as bystanders. In many cases this happened when they were confronted with the deportation or the killing of the Jews. Some had stood by in the early stages of persecution, when the rights of Jews were restricted and their property confiscated, but there was a point when they decided to act, a boundary they were not willing to cross. Unlike others, they did not fall into a pattern of acquiescing to the escalating measures against the Jews.Slide9
Blitzkrieghttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sj0o8_WPb-A
Blitzkrieg tactics made the German army seem unstoppable. The Nazi war machine took just a month to crush Poland. It then turned its aggression on other European countries.Slide10
In Poland, the German armed forces relied on a strategy of blitzkrieg, or “lightning war.” Without any warning, German bombers launched attacks on railroads, airfields, communications networks, military bases, and other strategic sites. These attacks helped prevent Polish mobilization
, the assembling of troops and equipment for war. Meanwhile, waves of infantry, supported by tanks and artillery, pushed toward key cities. Germany’s method was to outflank, surround, and destroy. Motorized units quickly swept around and encircled the Polish army. Warplanes rained bombs and bullets on the enemy. Then the foot soldiers moved in to finish the job.
Ill-equipped and overwhelmed, the Polish forces quickly collapsed.Slide11
Phase 2 of Unit III begins!
Visit
learntci.com
and use the “map magnifier” to locate ALL the major items in your annotated map assignment!Slide12Slide13Slide14
What would you do, COACH?You are the head coach of a high school basketball team. Your team is about to play the top-ranked team, which has last year’s most valuable player (MVP) on its roster.
You just found out that half of your team is caught in traffic and will not make it in time for the start of the game. What strategy will you pursue?
You must choose one of the following strategies, then explain your choice on your handout:
Play defense, stall, and try to keep the score close in hopes that your other players will arrive soon.
Go on the offense and attack the opponent’s MVP, hoping to tire him or her and get him or her to foul.Attack the weakest player, even if that allows the MVP to stay rested and remain on offense.Slide15
How did the U.S. strategy compare to the basketball game scenario?When the United States entered World War II, the Axis forces were superior in both number and strength, much like the stronger team in the Preview.
Military analysts for the United States and its allies had to determine which strategies to pursue to defeat the dominating Axis powers.Slide16
Military Analyst Team?Students will take on the roles of American military analysts and make recommendations for how to win the war.
You will first evaluate military strategies by examining background information and maps of the battlefront.
Finally, you will present your recommendations in a
“top secret” military briefing.Slide17
For which World War II military strategies or actions do you think the United States should be praised? Why?2
nd
WRITING assignment COMING SOON!
For which World War II military strategies or actions do you think the United States should be criticized? Why?
If you had been president during the war, how might you have conducted the war differently?READ, THINK, (DISCUSS) and prepare to WRITE intelligently!Slide18
Homework: Read FC 136, WRITE about how WW II was won by the Allies in Europe
Tuesday, February 28, 2017
Ch. 36: Fighting World War II
What military strategies did the U.S. and its allies pursue to defeat the Axis powers in WW II? What does your group of “military analysts” think is the BEST STRATEGIC OPTION and why?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_shxzlTRK442/28: How does your basketball strategy compare to the U.S. as we entered WW II (p. 465)?Slide19Slide20
We’re playin’ basketball?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_shxzlTRK44Slide21
What would you do, COACH?You are the head coach of a high school basketball team. Your team is about to play the top-ranked team, which has last year’s most valuable player (MVP) on its roster.
You just found out that half of your team is caught in traffic and will not make it in time for the start of the game. What strategy will you pursue?
You must choose one of the following strategies, then explain your choice on your handout:
Play defense, stall, and try to keep the score close in hopes that your other players will arrive soon.
Go on the offense and attack the opponent’s MVP, hoping to tire him or her and get him or her to foul.Attack the weakest player, even if that allows the MVP to stay rested and remain on offense.Slide22
How did the U.S. strategy compare to the basketball game scenario?When the United States entered World War II, the Axis forces were superior in both number and strength, much like the stronger team in the Preview.
Military analysts for the United States and its allies had to determine which strategies to pursue to defeat the dominating Axis powers.Slide23
Military Analyst Team?Students will take on the roles of American military analysts and make recommendations for how to win the war.
You will first evaluate military strategies by examining background information and maps of the battlefront.
Finally, you will present your recommendations in a
“top secret” military briefing.
Name(s): Period #:Slide24
Military Analyst Team:Decision #1
Prepare your recommendations by gathering supporting arguments from the student texts and accompanying map.
Names:
Period #: Slide25
Military Analyst TeamDecision #1
Circle your CONSENSUS choice, then BRIEFLY explain your reasoning (
write
).Slide26
Homework: Read FC 137, WRITE about how WW II was won by the Allies in the Pacific
Wednesday, March 1, 2017
Ch. 36: Fighting World War II
What military strategies did the U.S. and its allies pursue to defeat the Axis powers in WW II? What does your group of “military analysts” think is the BEST STRATEGIC OPTION and why?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_shxzlTRK443/1: Examine Flow of History CHARTS #136 & 137.Slide27
Flow of History #136 WW II in EUROPE
http://flowofhistory.com/units/etc/20/FC136
READ, “ANALYZE,”
annotate
, and ANSWER the ?sin your Unit III packet by Friday, 3/3Flow of History #137 WW II in the PACIFIChttp://flowofhistory.com/units/etc/20/FC137Slide28
Section 2 : Preparing for War in Europe (p. 466-467)
North Africa
Hitler hoped to cut off the Allies’ oil from the Middle East by securing North Africa for the Axis powers and pushing the British out of Egypt.
Hitler sent Field Marshal Erwin Rommel and the Afrika
Korps to join the Italian army in North Africa.By June 1942, Rommel had taken much of North Africa and had driven deep into Egypt.Slide29
Section 2 : Preparing for War in Europe (p. 466-467)
Poland
• Poles were treated with contempt by the Nazis.
• Jews in Poland were forced into ghettos.
• Thousands of Jews died from disease and starvation in the Warsaw Ghetto.• Six death camps were built in Poland.• Death camps were equipped with gas chambers, in which tens of thousands were killed each month.Slide30
Section 2 : Preparing for War in Europe (p. 466-467)
Soviet Union
• The Nazis invaded the western part of the Soviet Union.
• The Nazis used blitzkrieg tactics to overcome Soviet troops.
• A large German force approached Moscow.• A Nazi force marched toward the oil-rich Caucasus.Slide31
Military Analyst TeamDecision #1
What was the CONSENSUS?
How did your reasoning COMPARE to real WW II history?Slide32
Military Analyst TeamDecision #2Slide33
Military Analyst TeamDecision #2
Prepare your BRIEF
written
recommendations by gathering supporting arguments from the student texts and accompanying map.Slide34
HOPEFULLY, you read?: Sec. 3, War in Europe (1942-45)(p. 468-471)
and
labeled & annotated your MAP?
Southern Italy
• The Allies used North Africa as a staging area to invade the island of Sicily in southern Italy.• The Allied assault met little opposition at first.• Italy’s political leaders voted to oust Mussolini and restore the king and parliament.• Italy surrendered to the Allies and soon declared war on Germany.• German forces remained in Italy and battled Allied forces as they moved north.Slide35
Section 3, War in Europe (1942-45)(p. 468-471)
Stalingrad
• Axis troops moved farther into Soviet territory.
• Hitler split his forces so they could seize the rest of the Caucasus and also take Stalingrad.
• By mid-September, Axis troops had trapped a large Soviet force inside of Stalingrad.• The Soviet Red Army launched a counteroffensive against the Nazi assault.• The German troops were surrounded, but Hitler insisted that they fight to their death.• German troops surrendered to the Soviets.• More than 200,000 German and 1 million Soviet soldiers died in the Battle of Stalingrad.Slide36
Section 3, War in Europe (1942-45)(p. 468-471)
Normandy
• Operation Overlord called for an invasion of France.
• On D-Day, landing craft unloaded Allied troops on the beaches of Normandy.• German gun batteries targeted the invading Allies.
• By the end of the first day, the Allies held 59 miles of the Normandy coast.• From Normandy, Allied troops began a rapid sweep across France and liberated Paris in August 1944.Slide37
Section 3, War in Europe (1942-45)(p. 468-471)
Battle of the Bulge
• Hitler planned for his armies to burst through the Allied lines in the Ardennes region of Belgium.
• On December 16, 1944, eight German armored divisions smashed into the American forces, creating a large bulge in the Allied line.
• Allied air support and the support of General Patton’s Third Army forced the Germans to withdraw.• The Battle of the Bulge was the last German offensive on the western front.Slide38
Homework: Begin writing your WW II index card “evaluation”
Prepare for Current Events discussion tomorrow
Thursday, March 2, 2017
I. Ch. 36: Fighting World War II YOUR personal critique of Allied strategies…index card II. World War II Documentary (Safari Montage) Record NOTES and at least TWO questionsBRAINSTORM: What if you were POTUS during WW II…???(index card homework)Slide39
Military Analyst TeamDecision #3Slide40
Military Analyst TeamDecision #3
Prepare your recommendations by gathering supporting arguments from the texts and accompanying map.
WRITE!Slide41
READ: Section 4, Preparing for War in the Pacific (p. 472-474)
Philippines
• Under the command of General MacArthur, Americans and Filipinos battled a fierce Japanese onslaught.
• Roosevelt ordered MacArthur to leave the Philippines, but MacArthur vowed to return.
• After the Japanese completed their conquest of the Philippines, they rounded up approximately 70,000 American and Filipino prisoners and marched them up the Bataan Peninsula to a prison camp.• During the Bataan Death March, more than 7,000 American and Filipino prisoners died.Slide42
READ: Section 4, Preparing for War in the Pacific (p. 472-474)
Tokyo
• On April 18, 1942, 16 American bombers bombed Tokyo and other Japanese cities.
• The bombs did little damage to Japan, but the surprise raids thrilled Americans and shocked the Japanese.
• The Japanese responded by putting more resources into defending the home islands.Slide43
READ: Section 4, Preparing for War in the Pacific (p. 472-474)
Coral Sea
• After American code breakers learned that Japan was moving to isolate Australia, the Americans sent a small naval force to the Coral Sea.
• The Battle of the Coral Sea was fought entirely by carrier based aircraft.
• This was the first naval battle in history in which the enemies’ warships never came within sight of each other.• Japanese aircraft sank two American carriers, while American planes sank one Japanese carrier and damaged the other two.• Americans gained a strategic victory despite fairly even losses.Slide44
READ: Section 5, War in the Pacific (1942-45) (p. 474-477)
Midway
• The Americans intercepted a coded Japanese message telling of plans for a major offensive, most likely at the U.S base at Midway.
• American planes demolished the enemy force.
• Japan never recovered from the loss of naval carriers and so many of its experienced pilots.• The Battle of Midway was Japan’s last offensive action in the war.Slide45
Okinawa• Knowing that Okinawa would give the Americans a prime staging area for the invasion of Japan, Japanese military leaders moved their best army units from Japan and China to defend the island.
• The Allies launched a large amphibious invasion in April 1945.
• The Japanese strongly resisted the American invaders.
• Combat in Okinawa continued for two months and claimed the lives of more than 100,000 American and Japanese soldiers.
READ: Section 5, War in the Pacific (1942-45) (p. 474-477)Slide46
Military Analyst Team
Decision #4Slide47
Military Analyst TeamDecision #4
Prepare your recommendations by gathering supporting arguments from the text and accompanying map.
WRITE!Slide48
READ: Section 5, War in the Pacific (1942-45) (p. 474-477)
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
• On August 6, 1945 an American bomber dropped an atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima, instantly killing as many as 80,000 Japanese.
• Thousands of structures toppled and hundreds of fires consumed the city as a result of the bombing.
• Three days later the United States dropped a second atomic bomb on the city of Nagasaki, instantly killing some 40,000 people.• As a result of the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, up to 250,000 people may have died from burns, radiation poisoning, or cancer.• The destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki brought a Japanese surrender.Slide49
Military Analyst TeamDecision #4
What was the CONSENSUS?
How did your reasoning COMPARE to real WW II history?Slide50
Homework: Complete WW II index card “evaluation”
Prepare for “written debate” Round II
Friday, March 3, 2017
I. Current Events World War II Recap Safari Montage…video notes Critique of Allied strategies…index card 3/3: What is going on in the world, and is anything likely to lead to WAR?Slide51
For which World War II military strategies or actions do you think the United States should be praised? Why?2
nd
WRITING assignment due Monday!
For which World War II military strategies or actions do you think the United States should be criticized? Why?
If you had been president during the war, how might you have conducted the war differently?READ, THINK, (DISCUSS) and prepare to WRITE intelligently!Slide52
Bi-monthly “sharing”…
student-selected topics…
worksheet in advance…
presentation
to a group…discussion of issues & ?s…following a # order…minor grade (25 points)Slide53
mi·nor·i·ty re·portnoun
noun:
minority report
; plural noun: minority reports
-a separate report presented by members of a committee or other group who disagree with the majority.Be prepared to SHARE the CONSENSUS (opinion/reaction), and the MINORITY REPORT!Slide54
World War IIvideo outline found inside Unit III packet
RECORD at least ONE note for each CHAPTER
GENERATE at least TWO QUESTIONS during the entire videoSlide55Slide56Slide57Slide58Slide59Slide60Slide61Slide62
The Americans, Chapter 17 (p. 560-599)The United States in World War II
1. How did the United States provide the people and weapons to fight the war?
With the draft (~10 mill.) and volunteers (~5 mill.), the United States raised 15 million soldiers to fight in the war. The government also organized a labor force of 18 million (1/3 were women) and controlled consumer goods with the Office of Price Administration. The Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) recruited scientists to develop new weapons, medicine, technology, including the atomic bomb.
Out of the Frying Pan into the Firing LineSlide63
2. How did the Allies defeat Germany and Italy?
The United States and Great Britain used convoys and new technology to win the Battle of the Atlantic. The Soviet victory at Stalingrad was followed by other advances. The Americans and British ousted the Germans from North Africa and invaded Italy and France. Germany surrendered in 1945.
See Ch. 36,
War in Europe Map (Sec. 3)Slide64
To defeat Japan, the U.S. adopted a strategy of taking smaller islands (leapfrogging or island hopping) and then bombing supply lines. Naval victories helped too. Finally, the U.S. dropped two atomic bombs on Japan to compel surrender.
3. How did the Allies defeat Japan?
See Ch. 36, War in Pacific MAPS (Sec. 4 & 5)
Oppenheimer reflects on atomic weapons...Slide65
4. What social and economic changes arose from the war?
During World War II, farmers’ economic position improved, as did women’s. The war required personal adjustments, as many people married and many divorced. Soldiers returning home had to readjust to civilian life, aided by the GI Bill of Rights. African and Mexican Americans saw increased opportunities but suffered some violence.
Japanese Americans
(Nisei)
suffered greatly when they were uprooted and sent to internment camps, losing all their possessions. p. 594-595Slide66
Alive! Ch. 36: Fighting World War II, p. 477
World War II lasted from
1939 to 1945
. The United S
tates played a major role in both main fronts of the war—Europe and the Pacific. To retake Europe, the Allies invaded North Africa, Italy, and France, and then moved on to Germany. To retake the Pacific, they fought island by island, until they closed in on Japan.Allies versus Axis powers The Allies’ strategy of “Europe First” set the United States, Britain, and the USSR against the Axis countries of Germany and Italy. In the Pacific, the United States and China battled Japan.Battle of Stalingrad Hitler’s effort to conquer the USSR ended at Stalingrad, where the Red Army forced the Nazis to retreat. The Soviets then pushed westward to Germany.D-Day The Allies invaded France on June 6, 1944. Then they swept into Germany and took Berlin. Hitler committed suicide, and Germany surrendered.Holocaust Moving through Poland and Germany, Allied forces liberated Jews and others from Nazi concentration camps and began to uncover the horrors of the Holocaust.Battle of Midway The United States stopped Japanese expansion in the Pacific at the Battle of Midway. It then went on the offensive, using tactics like leapfrogging to overcome Japanese resistance.Battle of Okinawa After the Battle of Okinawa, the Allies were poised for an invasion of Japan. Given the losses at Okinawa, however, they knew it would be a long and costly struggle.Manhattan Project Scientists with the Manhattan Project developed an atomic bomb and tested it in July 1945. A month later, the United States dropped two bombs on Japanese cities, forcing Japan’s surrender and bringing an end to World War II.Slide67
Alive! Ch. 35: The Impact of WW II on Americans
World War II had a great impact on Americans. Some aided the war effort by joining the armed forces. Others produced military equipment and supplies. Many tended victory gardens, recycled goods, and used ration coupons. Minority groups struggled for equal treatment.
Opportunities to serve
For many young Americans, World War II provided an opportunity to fight for their country and its ideals. Members of minority groups also saw the war as an opportunity to show that they deserved the respect of white Americans.
New job opportunities Millions of workers left their jobs to join the military. The resulting labor shortage opened the doors of industry to many who had once been shut out. Women, African Americans, and Mexican Americans all found jobs in war-related industries.Broader worldviews The war sent soldiers far from home and many to foreign lands. They came back with a broader view of the world and a new perspective on what it meant to be an American. Many civilians moved to industrial centers, where they lived and worked with different groups of people.Hardships of war Most Americans knew little about the real hardships of war. GIs, however, faced those hardships every day as they risked their lives in battle.Continued prejudice Racial and ethnic prejudice continued to plague American society. African Americans and Mexican Americans faced harassment at home and in the service. Japanese Americans lost their civil rights because of their ancestry. American Jews struggled against anti-Semitism that limited efforts to save European Jews from Nazi extermination.Hardships at home Women often worked “double shifts” at a paying job and domestic jobs at home. All Americans learned to live with rationing and price controls.Slide68
Alive! Ch. 36: Fighting World War II
World War II lasted from 1939 to 1945. The United States played a major role in both main fronts of the war—Europe and the Pacific. To retake Europe, the Allies invaded North Africa, Italy, and France, and then moved on to Germany. To retake the Pacific, they fought island by island, until they closed in on Japan.
Allies versus Axis powers
The Allies’ strategy of “Europe First” set the United States, Britain, and the USSR against the Axis countries of Germany and Italy. In the Pacific, the United States and China battled Japan.
Battle of Stalingrad Hitler’s effort to conquer the USSR ended at Stalingrad, where the Red Army forced the Nazis to retreat. The Soviets then pushed westward to Germany.D-Day The Allies invaded France on June 6, 1944. Then they swept into Germany and took Berlin. Hitler committed suicide, and Germany surrendered.Holocaust Moving through Poland and Germany, Allied forces liberated Jews and others from Nazi concentration camps and began to uncover the horrors of the Holocaust.Battle of Midway The United States stopped Japanese expansion in the Pacific at the Battle of Midway. It then went on the offensive, using tactics like leapfrogging to overcome Japanese resistance.Battle of Okinawa After the Battle of Okinawa, the Allies were poised for an invasion of Japan. Given the losses at Okinawa, however, they knew it would be a long and costly struggle.Manhattan Project Scientists with the Manhattan Project developed an atomic bomb and tested it in July 1945. A month later, the United States dropped two bombs on Japanese cities, forcing Japan’s surrender and bringing an end to World War II.