homeostasis Cells have different functions Homeostasis stable environment in your body balance Your body maintains its homeostasis even if outside conditions are changing Levels of Organization ID: 742072
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Slide1
CellsSlide2
Homeostasis
Cells work together to maintain
homeostasis
. Cells have different functions.
Homeostasis = stable environment in your body; balance
Your body maintains its homeostasis even if outside conditions are changing. Slide3
Levels of Organization
Tissue- group of similar cells working together
Organ- two or more tissues that work together
Organ system- two or more organs that work together
Organism- has multiple organ systems that work together to maintain homeostasis in the entire bodySlide4
Least to Most Complex (5 Levels)
Cell
Tissue Organ Organ System OrganismSlide5
Cell Size
We need a microscope to see most cells.
Onion cell
Cork cells
Animal cell
Plant cellSlide6
Why are cells so small?
If cells get
too big
, they cannot take in enough nutrients or get rid of enough wastes.
This happens since a cells volume will grow faster than its surface area.Slide7
All cells have:
Cell Membrane
: Layer that covers cell’s surface and acts as a barrier between inside of cell and its environment
Cytoplasm
: The fluid inside a cell
DNA
: The genetic material that carries information needed to make new cells/organismsRibosomes: make proteinSlide8
Cell Theory
All organisms are made of one or more cells
The cell is the basic unit of all living things
All cells come from existing cellsSlide9
Copy this chart in your composition book. Work
with your partner
to complete the chart.Slide10
Describe how each of these people helped us understand cells and/or what they discovered.
Matthias Schleiden
Theodor Schwann
Rudolf Virchow
Robert Hooke
Anton van LeeuwenhoekSlide11
Two Types of Cells
Prokaryotes
(Pro/No)
Single-celled organisms
Smaller
Do NOT have a nucleus or
membrane bound organellesEx: bacteria, archaeaPro means before and kary means nucleusSlide12
2. Eukaryotes
(You)
Can be single or multi-cellular
Larger
Have a nucleus and organelles
Ex: animals, plants,
fungi, protistsEu means good or true and kary means nucleusSlide13Slide14Slide15
Plant and animal cells are eukaryotic.
Eukaryotic cells are complex and made of many parts.Slide16
Cell Wall
only in plant and fungi cells
Its purpose is to shape and protect the cell.
“Supporter and Protector”Slide17
Chloroplast
Only in plant cells
Green
Contains chlorophyll, which captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food for the cell (photosynthesis)
“Food Producers” Slide18
Cell Membrane
The cell membrane holds and protects the cell.
It controls what substances come into and out of the cell
“Gate of the Cell”Slide19
Cytoplasm
The cytoplasm is the watery, gel-like material in which cell parts move and cell activities take placeSlide20
Mitochondria
Where energy (ATP) for the cell is made
“powerhouse of the cell”Slide21
Vacuole
The vacuoles store food, water, and chemicals
“Storage Tanks”
One large one in plants & multiple small ones in animalsSlide22
Ribosomes
Make proteins
Small and round
Only organelle not covered by a membraneSlide23
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Rough ER has ribosomes attached to it
Smooth doesn’t
ER is folded and located by the nucleus
Transports cell materials and delivers protein to the Golgi apparatusSlide24
Golgi Apparatus
packages and distributes proteins and other materials out of cell
foldedSlide25
Nucleus
The nucleus regulates and controls cell activities, acting like the “brain” of the cell
Contains chromosomes
“Control Center”Slide26
Nucleolus
Where cells make ribosomes
Located in the nucleus Slide27
Lysosomes
Digests and get rid of waste
Destroy worn-out or damaged organelles
Protect the cell from foreign invaders
Found in animal cellsSlide28
Centrioles
Located in animal cells
Used for cell division (mitosis)