Vocab silt pharaohs hieroglyphs History 1 st peoples of North Africa were huntergatherers Population was concentrated along the Mediterranean and Nile river Every year the Nile floods spreading silt finely ground soil over its banks ID: 591109
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Slide1
North Africa History & Culture
Vocab: silt, pharaohs, hieroglyphsSlide2
History
1
st
peoples of North Africa were hunter-gatherers.
Population was concentrated along the Mediterranean and Nile river.
Every year the Nile floods spreading silt( finely ground soil) over its banks.Slide3
Early Peoples
3000 BC. Egypt was established with pharaohs.
Pharaohs were considered like gods and had ultimate power.
Egyptians developed a writing system called hieroglyphics.
Egyptian astronomers created a 365 day calendar and learned how to predict the Nile floods.Slide4
Egypt
1570 to 1085 BC Egypt ruled Syria, Israel & Libya.
Phoenicians, Greeks & Romans ruled the region later.
The Phoenicians were traders and sailors from today’s Lebanon.
They set up Carthage which later became a rival to RomeSlide5
Other Rulers
Alexander the Great founded Alexandria, Egypt.
The Vandals set up a kingdom in Libya.
The Byzantine Empire ruled most of North Africa in the 500’s.
Arab armies in the 600’s conquered the area.
By the 700’s most North Africans were Muslim and Arabic was the language of choice.Slide6
Arab & Colonial rule
Cairo and other cities became Muslim centers of culture and education.
Marrakech, Morocco became a trade center with Europe, Africa & Asia.
1500’s the Ottomans ruled the region until the 1800’s.
France ruled much of North Africa. GB took over Egypt & the Suez Canal.Slide7
Independence
Problems with the Europeans. Were not granted the same rights as the Europeans.
After World War II the region gained independence.
1952 Egypt
1956 Tunisia & Morocco
1962 Algeria
1951 & 1969 LibyaSlide8
Culture
Most of the peoples consider themselves Berber. Berbers lived in North Africa before the Arabs came to the region.
Bedouins or nomads also live in the region.
Arabic is the official language.
French is spoken in Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria. Italian in Libya & English in Egypt.Slide9
Land Usage
Most people live in the coastal regions & the foothills of the Atlas Mtns.
In Egypt most live along the Nile.
Cairo is the largest urban area in North Africa.
Egypt is the most populated Arab country.
The Medina is the ancient part of the city. Keeps the people and the buildings cool.Slide10
Culture
Religion
Most are Muslim with a few Christians &
jews
.
Fridays are special day of prayer.
Muslims also celebrate Id al-
Adha
(Abraham
willigness
to sacrifice Isaac).
Traditions & Customs
Traditional Clothing
Men & Women wear caftans.
Women dress to Muslim custom .
Weddings last several days due to the family is important in the Arab culture.