The Globalization of Environmentalism - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

The Globalization of Environmentalism

AP World HistoryChapter 24“Accelerating Global Interaction”(Since 1945)Slide2

Green Revolution

Implementation of research and development (science and technology) to increase agricultural production around the world. Perceived by some as “neo-colonial” for commercial use than sustenance.Led by Norman Borlaug in Mexico and financed by Rockefeller foundation used bioengineering and pesticides to stave famine and may have saved up to one billion people.Slide3

Ever since the Neolithic Revolution Synthesis

Man has made an attempt to control his environment (slash and burn, irrigation, waste management, population density)Columbian exchange led to massive deforestation and altered the global landscape through global mining for precious metalsThings increased dramatically with the industrial revolution( parasitic cities, industrial waste, imperialism on Latin America, Africa, Asia and role of environmental exploitation to build railroads, use of Dynamite, permanent alteration of the environment)

As technologies increased, so too did devastation to the finite resources the planet

As man mastered the planet, the planet answered back

With increased globalization, good and bad things would happen

Reliance on energy has consequencesSlide4

ThesisSlide5

From 1945 to the present, the demand for food supply increased, leading to the Green Revolution (Doc 1, 2, and 3). The Green Revolution led to new technology (Doc 5, 7, and 9). It also had successful and failed attempts to improve soil conditions in farms (Doc 4, 6, 8, and 10) Slide6

Environmental Changes

3 major factors accelerated the impact of humans on the environment in the 20th century:Population explosionNew ability of humankind to tap the energy potential of fossil fuels

 coal, oil, hydroelectricity, natural gas, nuclear power

Unprecedented economic growth as science and technology increased the production of goods and servicesSlide7

Environmental Changes

Growing numbers of the poor and growing consumption of the rich = led to the doubling of cropland and depletion of the world’s forests and grasslandsNumerous species of animals and plants = either endangered or extinctIncreased numbers of other species = ex: cattle, pigs, chickens, rats, dandelionsMassive air pollution in major cities

Thinning of the ozone layer from released CFCsSlide8

Positive impactsSlide9

Environmental Changes

Most critical environmental transformation = global warmingCaused by two major factors:Increased burning of fossil fuels = emit heat-trapping greenhouse gasesLoss of trees = would otherwise remove carbon dioxide from the airSlide10

Back to the docs to be utilized persuasively as evidence

Those societies that experienced the Green Revolution were also experiencing changes in their social structures. In Mexico, women were forced to work for free because the farmers couldn’t afford to pay wages to them and their husbands (Doc 7). The caste system in India was diminishing due to peasants rising to the middle and upper classes from increased in their food production (Doc 9). It would help to show how strong an effect this change had on Indian society if there was a newspaper article of an upper class Hindu man describing how offended he felt to have to accept people from the lower classes into his social class. Document 10 the Guatemalan National Coordinating Committee of Indigenous Peasants stated that the Green Revolution has made people lose respect for the indigenous seeds and has contaminated them. The members of the committee must also be concerned that the Green Revolution will lead Guatemalans to also lose respect of their cultural heritage

Restated the grouping and related it to the prompt? Changes in social structures (a consequence) Yep. Used evidence from documents? Yep. One of the documents used was a POV? Yep. Slide11

Environmental Changes

Concerns with global warming:Melting glaciers and polar ice capsRising sea levelsThawing permafrostExtreme hurricanes

Further species extinctionSlide12

Negative ImpactsSlide13

Green and Global

1st wave of environmentalism = in the 1800s in the wake of the industrial revolutionExpressed a need for “scientific management” of nature“Wilderness idea” = aimed to preserve untouched areas from human disruption

Creation of many U.S. national parks

No mass following or large global response

Yellowstone National Park

In Wyoming

Established in 1872Slide14

Green and Global

2nd wave of environmentalism = in the 2nd half of the 1900sBegan with the publication in 1962 of Rachel Carson’s

Silent Spring

Exposed the chemical contamination of the environment that threatened both human health and the survival of many species

Generated an enormous response and launched the environmental movement in the U.S.Slide15

Green and Global

This environmental movement spread to other parts of the West as wellClub of Rome = a global think tank headquartered in EuropeGermany = emergence of the Green PartyMajor concerns of Western environmentalists = pollution, wilderness issues, and opposition to development in untouched areasSlide16

Green and Global

1970s-1980s = environmental movements began in the Global South as well

Environmentalism in the West

Environmentalism

in t

he Global South

National

movement; many large national organizations

More locally based

Involved affluent

members of the middle-class

Involved poor peopleEngaged in political lobbying and corporate strategies

Environmental movements often overlap with other movements for political and

social reform

More concerned with the rights of nature and wilderness protection

More concerned with issues of: food

security, health, and basic survival

Relatively nonviolent

movement

Movements

occasionally become violent

 guerrilla warfare actions by “green armies”Slide17

Green and Global

Late 20th century = environmentalism became a global concernLed to the global “green revolution”Legislation passed in many countries to limit air pollution

Pushed many businesses in a “green” direction

Fostered research on alternative and renewable resources

Stimulated UN conferences on global warming

Persuaded millions of people to “go green” and alter their way of life

Generated many international agreements addressing issues such as ozone depletion and global warmingSlide18

Green and Global

Major conflict between the Global North and Global South = developing countries often feel that Northern initiatives to address atmospheric pollution and global warming will prevent their industrial developmentGlobal South pushed to limit its emissions to cut down on pollution, but they didn’t create that pollution in the first placeShouldn’t the industrialized countries accept more responsibility?Slide19

Results of Global Environmentalism

“One world” thinkingFocus on the common plight of humankindMarked a challenge to modernityIdeas of sustainability and restraint entered global discussionsSlide20