Atul Kumar Singh Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry M L Arya College Kasba Purnia 854330 India Friedel Craft Reaction First developed by French scientist Charles Friedel ID: 1034115
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1. Friedel-Craft Reactionby Dr. Atul Kumar SinghAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Chemistry M. L. Arya College, KasbaPurnia -854330India
2. Friedel-Craft Reaction First developed by French scientist Charles Friedel and his American partner James Crafts in 1877 to attach substituent to an aromatic rings.Introduction of an alkyl or acyl group into an aromatic ring is called Friedel-Crafts reaction. Friedel-Crafts reaction are of two main typeFriedel-Craft Alkylation reactionFriedel-Craft Acylation reaction
3. Friedel-Craft Alkylation reaction2. Friedel-Craft Acylation reaction
4. Friedel-Craft Alkylation reaction Introduction of an alkyl group into an aromatic ring in the presence of lewis acid and alkyl halide (some time other carbocations source like alcohol, alkenes also used) is called Friedel-Crafts reaction. Commonly used Lewis acid are AlCl3, AlBr3, BF3, H2SO4, ZnCl2, HF etc
5. Alkyl halide reactivity order Lewis acid enhance the electrophilicity of alkyl halide by complexing with the alkylhalide. The reactive electrophile, the carbocation is formed by the removal of the halide by lewis acid catalyst.
6. Mechanism
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8. Limitation of Friedel-Craft Alkylation 1. Rearrangement: alkylation reaction are prone to rearrangement so it is not possible to introduce a long primary alkyl group.
9. 2. Polysubstitution: Since product is more reactive than the starting material because entering group in Friedal-Craft alkylation is an activating group, hence di- and polyalkylation occurs.3. Aromatic compounds with m-directing group and deactivated benzene do not undergoes Friedal-craft alkylation.4. Aryl halide and Vinyl halide can not be used in the place of alkyl halide.
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