is Aggression B Explanations of Aggression Biological Factors SocialCultural Factors EnvironmentalSituational Factors Violence and the Media Reducing Aggression What is aggression ID: 1003455
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1. AGGRESSION
2. OUTLINEWhat is Aggression? B. Explanations of AggressionBiological Factors Social/Cultural Factors Environmental/Situational Factors Violence and the Media Reducing Aggression
3. What is aggression?Aggression is any behavior that is intentionally directed at harming another individual or individuals, whether or not it actually does hurt the intended victim.It can be verbal, emotional, or physical. Aggression can be instrumental. The actions are intended to hurt others but only for a specific purpose – it is a tactic desired to produce a desired outcome (eg. spanking). Aggression can also be hostile.
4. Explanations of AggressionBiological Factors Neural SubstratesHormones Testosterone
5. Social/Cultural Explanations FrustrationFrustration –aggression hypothesis (Dollard et.al)States that – i) Frustration always leads to some form of aggression ,andii) aggression always stems from frustration.This theory states that frustrated persons always engage in some type of aggression. Direct Provocation Any physical (assaults), verbal (criticism, sarcastic remarks)Displaced aggressionAggression against someone other than the source of strong provocation.
6. Environmental/Situational FactorsPain and Discomfort Frustration Alcohol High temperatureDirect ProvocationPresence of Aggressive Objects
7. Personal factorsType A behavior pattern-High levels of competitiveness ,time urgency, and hostility.NarcissismEgo threat Gender differences
8. VIOLENCE AND TELEVISIONA. Incidence B. Effects 1. Learning of aggressive attitudes and behaviors2. Desensitization 3. Fear C. Moderating Factors: The Context of TV Violence D. The National Television Violence Study E. Reducing TV Violence
9. REDUCING AGGRESSION Punishment (Biological Intervention)Teaching Nonaggressive Behavior (Frustration-Aggression View and Social Learning View)Censoring Modeling Skills Training Incompatible ResponsesApologies and Forgiveness(Cognitive Intervention)
10. CatharsisCatharsis is the process of venting aggression as a way to release or get rid of emotions.Opportunity to express aggressive impulses in relatively safe ways.Have you ever been so angry that you went outside and yelled or hit a pillow? For example, if you are angry you might hit something or scream, and that might make you feel better. This method is called catharsis.