Byzantine Architecture Objectives Outline the background affecting the period Isolate elements associated with Byzantine architecture Identify famous Byzantine buildings Recognize key terms from Byzantine architecture ID: 1025533
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1. Architectural History Architectural History: Byzantine Architecture
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3. ObjectivesOutline the background affecting the period.Isolate elements associated with Byzantine architecture.Identify famous Byzantine buildings.Recognize key terms from Byzantine architecture.
4. Early Byzantine ArchitectureBackground Western Empire in ruinRome twice sackedItaly in hands of OstrogothsJustinianRe-conquers Western EmpireLaunches era of Byzantine architectureEstablishes Constantinople as center of political and architectural renewal
5. Early Byzantine ArchitectureArchitectural FactorsCentral-Plan StructureSquare central coreSquared pier formsPendentive DomeLighting and DecorationTranscendental effectNo visible surface left in a natural state
6. Early Byzantine ArchitectureArchitectural ExamplesHagia SophiaSaint Vitale, RavennaSaint Marco, Venice
7. Hagia Sophia
8. Saint Vitale, Ravenna
9. Saint Marco,Venice
10. Middle Byzantine ArchitectureBackgroundRenaissance (842 – 1204) Follows period of the Dark Ages (610-842)Culminated in IcoloclasmEmpire reduced from Justinian’s ruleRelatively stabilizedReached a peak in a flowering of the arts
11. Middle Byzantine ArchitectureArchitectural PlansCross-in-squareDomed central coreRadiating cross-armsBarrel-valuedVaulted corner unitsOctogon-domedTriple-domedDouple-apsed outer narthexInner narthex with a single domeBarrel-vaulted aisles
12. Middle Byzantine ArchitectureArchitectural Plans (continued)Cross-octagonBegins as a cubeTransformed through squinchesBecomes an octogan, cupola, and a crossInterpenetrates a secondary belt of structureArchitectural ExamplesBodrum Camii (the Myrelaion)Theotokos Churches, Hosios Loukas
13. Bodrum Camii (the Myrelaion)
14. Theotokos Churches, Hosios Loukas
15. Late Byzantine ArchitectureBackgroundPeriod between 1267 - 1453Paleologian dynasty ruleDiminishing EmpireRetains a surprising artistic creativityArchitectural FactorsArchitectural system pushed to the limitLacked balance and harmonyExcessive and manneristic
16. Late Byzantine ArchitectureArchitectural ExamplesPantanassaParigoritissa at ArtaChurch at Gracanica
17. Pantanassa
18. Parigoritissa
19. Church at Gracanica
20. Vocabulary ReviewApseBasilicaCross-in-squareCross-octogonCupolaDomed basilicaFrescoHalf-domeIconIconastasisMosaicNarthexNaveOctogon-domedPantokratorPendentive domePiersSanctuarySquinchVault