Science Learning intention To know what natural selection is and how it works You will need A pen and paper or your laptop to record your answers The internet to access the weblinks on later slides ID: 1018756
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1. Year 10Lesson 4 – natural selectionScience
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3. Learning intentionTo know what 'natural selection' is and how it works.
4. You will needA pen and paper or your laptop to record your answers. The internet to access the weblinks on later slides.
5. Key termsAdaptation – is the change over many generations of inherited traits that improves a population's ability to survive and reproduce.Survival – the state or fact of continuing to live or exist, typically in spite of an accident, ordeal, or difficult circumstances.
6. Natural selectionThe process by which individuals, with inherited characteristics better suited to the environment leave more offspring than others do.
7. Lucy and the ducklingsWatch the video and answer the following questions:Which ducklings are most likely to make it across the bitumen road?Would your answer change if the road was mud or dirt?Source: Lucy and ducklings on the move on YouTube (CBC News, 2015)For your safety, watch this video in the slideshow without accessing YouTube
8. AnswerSource: Pixabay
9. OverproductionEcosystems are unable to support all individuals within a population to an age of reproduction, causing competition among offspring.Source: Natural selection by Nicholas Toal, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Natural_Selection.png [CC BY-SA 4.0] <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons
10. VariationThere are natural variations in the characteristics of individuals that are part of a population.Variations can be:physical featuresbehavioursbodily functionsresistance to disease.Source: Natural selection by Nicholas Toal, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Natural_Selection.png [CC BY-SA 4.0] <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons
11. SelectionThe more adapted individuals within a population are more likely to survive.Those who have less adapted characteristics are less likely to survive.For example, the brown bugs are less likely to be caught by the birds. Source: Natural selection by Nicholas Toal, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Natural_Selection.png [CC BY-SA 4.0] <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons
12. ReproductionThe better adapted individuals survive to reproduce and pass on their characteristics. Over time the population will see a shift to a higher proportion of adapted individuals.Source: Natural selection by Nicholas Toal, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Natural_Selection.png [CC BY-SA 4.0] <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons
13. MisconceptionA misconception about natural selection is that this ‘gives organisms what they want or need so they can adapt to an environment’. This is not correct because individuals cannot change.Natural selection is a process and is survival of the fittest.
14. Check your understanding Match the steps in natural selection to their definition by drawing a line. Natural selection processOverproductionVariationSelectionReproductionDefinitionThe better adapted individuals survive to reproduce and pass on their characteristics. Over time the population will see a shift to a higher proportion of adapted individuals.Ecosystems are unable to support all individuals within a population to an age of reproduction, causing competition among offspring.There is natural variation in the characteristics of individuals that are part of a population.The more adapted individuals within a population are more likely to survive while those who have less adapted characteristics are less likely to survive.
15. AnswersLets check your answers!Natural selection processOverproductionVariationSelectionReproductionDefinitionThe better adapted individuals survive to reproduce and pass on their characteristics. Over time the population will see a shift to a higher proportion of adapted individuals.Ecosystems are unable to support all individuals within a population to an age of reproduction, causing competition among offspring.There is natural variation in the characteristics of individuals that are part of a population.The more adapted individuals within a population are more likely to survive while those who have less adapted characteristics are less likely to survive.
16. SummaryOrganisms produce more offspring than survive to reproduce.Their offspring vary slightly.Characteristics can be passed on from generation to generation.Those most suited to their environment survive at the expense of others.The best adapted survive to breed and pass on favourable characteristics.
17. ChallengeUse the internet to make a list of other examples of natural selection in animals.
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