involvement with involvement within wider context of World1 which With - PDF document

1 Thus involvement with involvement withi
Thus involvement with involvement within wider context of World1', which With regard Metropolitan Portugal d&bris of S~O with Angola South African- Portuguese relations are concerned Angola's foreign commerce (3), remaining, in of the the way 1922 the Union Government repudiated the 1909 protect its from Louren~o After years of complex negotiations,the Portuguese Government issued a decree in 1927 the recruitment of labour, which signing of a modified since, has the basis economic relations Union and return for the gua.rantee

2 of just under 50% of the Rand's pas
of just under 50% of the Rand's passing through was allowed recruit workers from the 22nd 1940 fixed at number at (18), the period months with a 6-month Convention underlines the the Mozambique vis-&-vis its more powerful neighbour, world slump 1930s when crisis on the Rand sent thousands of unemployed Tongas back into and seriously mjor relations between South Africa Mozambique, then, has been steady and massive Tonga and Chopi mines of the Witwatersrand. Chamber of Mines these "East Boys" not only the .80,000, or three-quarte

3 rs of the mining labour force,before t
rs of the mining labour force,before the Boer war) best quality work any the supply of labour not being affected by agricultural cycle (21), they came from a and relatively densely populated comment of Chamber of Mines 1897 was "the chief and most satisfactory source of labour was often be repeated. migration have debated.(24) discussion it cause has been relative agricultural poverty of fertility sandy soils, aggravated by the Ngoni invasions and facilitated by particular social customs as family structure. But with Gungmrhana in 1895

4 Ngoni raiding ceased, and the prevail
Ngoni raiding ceased, and the prevailing "pressure pressure it the exact colonialism, from 1960s. underdeveloped country, inherited a residual "Scramble", the Portuguese bourgeoisie reacted violently. ltJ!Jational Pridett only vestiges Portugal's greatness, and these had be maintained at all no capital itself a Ehgland, capital was considered the back unreasonably, considering Genaan;yl S the only way and forestall As this (25) get them 1964 Dec. 1965 1966 Dec. 1967 Dec. 1968 Total : 161,708 162,691 146,526 148,697 142 7

5 934 Gold mines: 88 9 644 94,633 9
934 Gold mines: 88 9 644 94,633 91,264 90,555 Coal mines: 14,483 14,671 14,618 15,505 Source: Anuario Estatistico, Provincia de Mo~ambique, 1965-8 n.b. : figures include legal migrants plus those whom "Curadoria" discovered. They other clandestine either in other Provinces. 1954 there were 173,433 workers registered (32), figures given in Africa, owing new labour code of would seem that the amount of currency derived increase of migration of the PAYMENTS - SELECTED ITW (in 1,000 escudos) Salaries : + 125,088 + 197,968 +

6 255,186 + 333,383 Transport : +1,113,
255,186 + 333,383 Transport : +1,113,639 +1,627,089 +1,689,812 +1,977,631 Tourism : + 13,608 + 75,037 + 79,451 + 98,583 Source: as above But,if is the economy of goods from inland countries. derived from than covered trade deficit. from Malawi althou& Rhodesia (coupled with all of Louren~o Marques! comes from perhaps half lucrative source for only a little over l@!% of South Africa's with Africa, Soutli Africa's total world trade. (38) Mozambique viewpoint, with South Africa is important part of her South Africa and

7 the escudo point worth making is South A
the escudo point worth making is South Africa, would be it were petrolem refinery at Louren~o more than made up from South the last TRADE WITH SOUTH AFRICA - PRINCIPAL ITENS, 1967 Dairy Products & Vegetable Oils Petroleum Products ~edicines/~nsecticides/Perfwne Semi-worked Metals Vehicles (cars, Tractors, ~orries) Spare parts borts: Fruit anan an as & Cashew ~uts) 19,043 Sisal 20,852 Wood (~ogs & Sawn wood) 95,928 Vegetable Oils 17,178 Petroleum Products 205,204 Source: Anuario very clearly from Table exception o

8 f Mozambique's exports, the relationsh
f Mozambique's exports, the relationship is very one of underdeveloped country, South Africa exporting it is possible obtain figures concerning African trade, from aay the same cannot one is much more fragmentary and imprecise, being made appreciably more considerable interlocking of British and South African "Committee of 24", has made noteworthy efforts which would only the power station 1979), with a total capacity of 2,000 MW (57), power being 1974. has agreed buy the power lines South African llApollon, spite of of the of electr

9 icity transmission line will make slight
icity transmission line will make slightly higher own thermal stations. South Africa will Cabora-Bassats South African private interests are also ZAMCO consortium dam, although Caetano government would have 1969. Anglo- is not (60), of the have strengthened South African (61), point that South African for about two-thirds South African government is 20 million (63), but the role of South African private not known. From every point then, South Africa is heavily involved largest single Mozambique, coming the end of decade which progressive ext

10 ension South African influence tradition
ension South African influence traditional labour-transport and has very economic which has led wider military symbolized again Cabora-Bassa which 3TELIMO has sworn Military Co-operation This military co-operation, Regular meetings chiefs of staff evolution of guerilla warfare southern Africa (65), would seem to be South African would seem of some before his that these been engaged against FRELIMO. The reason of these troops is not entirely point of view, Portugal has the propaganda over Loimengo Marques .radio. (77) With the war against

11 FRELIMO full swing, these white moment
FRELIMO full swing, these white moment loyal any regime might be tempted The leader autonomist movement, Jardim, the same time a personal friend and a proponent Southern African Federation which would South Africa, Rhodesia and it is note that, should Portugual~s Mozambique settlers would their white neighbours last analysis means 9. brief sketch African involvement Mozambique over the last ten years, two aspects ought South Africa still relies its mines, although is slowly changing, and recruiting which, Lourengo Marques railway, its most m

12 aintain themselves increasingly becoming
aintain themselves increasingly becoming whole evolution of the situation southern is increasingly drawing Soutn Mozambique, economically the moment with the possibility important military commitments the future. For if l?EE%3T"IO controlled fizanbique, then Y~lawi, and even could probably influence and South a military threat its frontiers, 350 miles away from (24) For this discussion, see Harris, op. cit., pp. 50-64; A. Rita Ferreira, lfLabour Emigration among Thonga: Comments on a study by Marvin Harrisn9 Africa, Vol. 30,

13 1960, pp. 141-50; M. Harris' answer, pp.
1960, pp. 141-50; M. Harris' answer, pp. 243-5, and Rita Ferreirafs last word 31, 1961, pp. 75-77. (25) P. Anderson, l1Le Portugal et la fin de Itultra-col~nialisme~~, Paris, MaspQro, 1963, discussion of IfLabour Emigration ...I1, OP. cit., p. 60. (27) Ferreira, "0 Movimento Migratorio . . .l1, op. cit., p. 57. Principe en PQril - 11, U.N. publication, 1970, pp. 24-5. (29) "Guide de 1~Economie Portugaiseff, Ehtreprise, No. 655, 1968, for regulations governing and the (30) H. Douchin, "Rapport sur la s

14 ituation au Mozambiquelf, Seminaire d
ituation au Mozambiquelf, Seminaire de M. PQpy, I.E.P., Paris, 1970. (31) Quoted in L. Bowman, IIThe Subordinate State System International Studies (32) Harris, op. cit., p. 51. (33) J.-F. Chauvel, Le Figaro, 29.4.1970. (34) U.N. Document A/7623/Add 3 - 1969. (35) Ehnmark & Wgstberg, Angola & Mozambique, 1963, p. 94. (36) Abshire & Samuels, op. cit., chap. 1, Portugal Informations, ' figures given Trade Statistics, Financial Times, 1969, Les Inves Etrangers et la DQcolonisation, U.N. publication, 1969, P

15 * 1.3. (41) U.N. Document A/8148/Add
* 1.3. (41) U.N. Document A/8148/Add 1 - 1970. (42) Ibid. (43) U.N. Document A/7752/Add 1 - 1969. (45) Ibid. A. de Braganca, "Les Trusts Pdtroliers s'intdressent aussi au Mozambiquen, Africasia, 2nd March 1970, p. 17. (46) U.N. Document A/7752/Add .l - 1969. (73) R. Chilcote, Portuguese Africa, 1967, p. 108. (74) H. Douchin, op. cit. Special Correspondent, Journal Gen&ve, 30.9.1969. for example, Ehnmark & Wgstberg, op. cit . , pp. 149-51. (77) Abshire & Samuels, op. cit., chap. 10, p. 212. (78) Le Monde,