Rhetorical Analysis The Odyssey of Homer Book 13 Lines 48299 Odysseus and Athena Book 13 One More Strange Island the man of ranging mind Odysseus cried So hard beset An end like Agamemnons ID: 288157
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Slide1
Odysseus and Athena
Rhetorical
Analysis
The Odyssey of
Homer
Book 13, Lines 482-99Slide2
Odysseus and
Athena
Book 13, “One More Strange Island”
Slide3
…the man of ranging mind, Odysseus, cried:
“So
hard beset! An end like Agamemnon’smight very likely have been mine, a bad end,
bleeding to death in my own hall. You forestalled it,
g
oddess, by telling me how the land lies
.
Weave me a way to pay them back! And you, too,
t
ake your place with me, breathe valor in me
t
he way you did that night when we
Akhaians
Unbound the bright veil from the brow of Troy!
O grey-eyed one, fire my heart and brace me!
I’ll take on fighting men three hundred strong
if you fight at my back immortal lady!”
The grey-eyed goddess Athena answered him:
“No fear but I shall be there; you’ll go forward
u
nder my arms when the crux comes at last.
And I foresee your vast floor stained with blood,
spattered with brains of this or that tall suitor
who fed upon your cattle
.”Slide4
Speaker:
Narrator
Occasion: Odysseus has landed on Ithaka, awakened, and met Athena (disguised as a young shepherd). She has revealed herself as Pallas Athena and helped him hide his treasure in a cave. Audience
:
Reader or listener
Purpose: To introduce the interaction between these charactersSubject: The relationship between Odysseus and AthenaTone: Informational and complimentary
SOAPStone
1Slide5
Speaker: Odysseus
Occasion:
Odysseus has just realized that Athena has given him the most important help he will need on Ithaka—an advance report of the situation in his home concerning Penelope and the suitors.Audience: AthenaPurpose: To find a plan to fight the suitorsSubject: The dangerous situation in Odysseus’ palace
Tone: Grateful, excited and determined.
SOAPStone
2Slide6
Speaker:
Athena
Occasion: Odysseus has just requested her help and expressed appreciation and resolveAudience: Odysseus
Purposes:
To help Odysseus determine the best strategy to plan his revenge against the suitors.
To disguise Odysseus to keep him safe until he can strike against his enemies.Subject: Guarantee of victory for Odysseustone: Reassuring and prophetic.SOAPStone 3Slide7
Metaphor:
A
figure of speech in which one thing is equated with something else—a comparison of two unlike things.
“Weave
me a way to pay them back! “(Literally, help me develop an intricate plan to punish the suitors.)
…breathe
valor in
me
the
way you did that night when we
Akhaians
Unbound the bright veil from the brow of Troy
!
(Literally, the fall of Troy was as dramatic as the loss of liberty for a woman who, enslaved at the fall of Troy, loses the headdress which marked her as a wife protected by her husband.)
…fire
my heart
and brace me
!
(Literally, inspire me with the intensity and destructive power of fire.)Slide8
…O
grey-eyed one, fire my heart and brace me!
I’ll take on fighting men three hundred strong if you fight at my back immortal lady!”The grey-eyed goddess Athena answered him:
“No fear but I shall be there; you’ll go forward
under my arms when the crux comes at last.
And I foresee your vast floor stained with blood,spattered with brains of this or that tall suitorwho fed upon your cattle.
Hyperbole-
A
boldly exaggerated statement that adds emphasis without
intending
to be literally true,
also
called
overstatement.Slide9
…
the man of ranging mind
, Odysseus, cried:“So
hard beset! An end like Agamemnon’s
might very likely have been mine, a bad end,
bleeding to death in my own hall. You forestalled it, goddess, by telling me how the land lies.Weave me a way to pay them back! And you, too,take your place with me, breathe valor in methe way you did that night when we Akhaians
Unbound the bright veil from the brow of Troy!
O grey-eyed one,
fire my heart and brace me!
I’ll take on fighting men three hundred strong
if you fight at my back
immortal lady
!”
The grey-eyed goddess
Athena answered him:“No fear but I shall be there; you’ll go forwardunder my arms when the crux comes at last.And I foresee your vast floor stained with blood,spattered with brains of this or that tall suitorwho fed upon your cattle.”
Epithet-
a picturesque tag or nickname associated with a certain characterSlide10
Ethos (Credibility),
or
ethical appeal, means convincing by the character of the author. We tend to believe people whom we respect.
Athena has credibility for Odysseus because she has helped him many times before.
Therefore, Odysseus can believe her prophecy and be comforted by her reassurances.
The grey-eyed goddess Athena answered him:“No fear but I shall be there; you’ll go forwardunder my arms when the crux comes at last.
And I foresee your vast floor stained with blood,
spattered with brains of this or that tall suitor
who fed upon your cattle.”
Rhetorical appeal: EthosSlide11
Pathos (Emotional)
means
persuading by appealing to the reader’s emotions. Language choice affects the audience's emotional response, and emotional appeal can effectively be used to enhance an argument. In the Odyssey, some characters are emotional when they speak, while others try to evoke an emotional response in the audience.
“So hard beset!
An end like Agamemnon’s
might very likely have been mine, a bad end,bleeding to death in my own hall. You forestalled it, goddess, by telling me how the land lies.Weave me a way to pay them back! And you, too,take your place with me,
breathe valor in me
the way you did that night when we
Akhaians
Unbound the bright veil from the brow of Troy!
O grey-eyed one,
fir
e my heart and brace me!
I’ll take on fighting men three hundred strong
if you fight at my back immortal lady!”Rhetorical appeal: PathosSlide12
Logos
(Logical) means persuading by the use of reasoning. Giving reasons is the heart of argumentation.The grey-eyed goddess Athena answered him:
“No fear but I shall be there; you’ll go forward
under my arms when the crux comes at last.
And I foresee your vast floor stained with blood,spattered with brains of this or that tall suitorwho fed upon your cattle.”Rhetorical appeal: LogosSlide13
Hexter
, Ralph.
A Guide to the Odyssey. New York: Vintage/Random, 1993.Homer. The Odyssey. Trans. Robert Fitzgerald. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1998.
Lattimore
, Richmond.
The Odyssey of Homer. New York: Harper Collins, 1975.Lund, N. “AP English Glossary of Literary Terms.” Oxford Tutorials. Web. 18 October 2012.McIlvain, John. “The Odyssey:
Themes
.
”
The Odyssey
Guide.
Least
Tern. 6 March 2005. Web. 18 October 2012.
Works CitedSlide14
Respect for the Gods:
Athena admires Odysseus and aides him throughout
Odysseus trusts Athena and respects her strength, judgment and guile.RevengeRevenge serves as a strong motivator throughout the narrative.
Intelligence over Strength
Odysseus
uses intelligence to defeat the suitors who outnumber him greatly. Athena, the goddess of wisdom, assists Odysseus (and Telemakhos) as they seek revenge.
Themes