the Eastern Orthodox Church The Eastern Remains of the Roman Empire Weakening of the Roman Empire As the Roman Empire began to weaken the Emperor Constantine moved the capital city from Rome to the city of ID: 759128
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Slide1
The Byzantine Empire & the Eastern Orthodox Church
The Eastern Remains of the Roman Empire
Slide2Weakening of the Roman Empire
As the Roman Empire began to weaken, the Emperor
Constantine
moved the capital city from Rome to the city of
Byzantium
in 330 A.D. It was known as the “New Rome,” but was later named
Constantinople
. This city grew and prospered at the crossroads to the East, but the Western Roman Empire was not as lucky. As Germanic tribes attacked the city of Rome, it fell, leaving the Eastern city as the legacy of the Romans. This city became the center of the
Byzantine Empire
.
Slide3Constantinople: A Crossroads
Located on a peninsula jutting into the Black Sea toward AsiaSurrounded by water on 3 sides and fortified by walls and watchtowers across the landLinked East and West as central point of land and sea trade routes
Slide4A Wealthy City
City’s location made it richest in the Mediterranean for over 700 yearsIvory, silks, furs, perfume luxuries tradedPopulation over a million peopleCulture a mix of Greek, Roman, and that of the many travelers from three continentsWealthy enjoyed their luxuriesPoor swept the cities streets to receive bread handouts from the emperorTechnologically and culturally advanced with sewer systems, hospitals, entertainment, and church
Slide5The Reign of Justinian
527 to 565 A.D.Married to Theodora, a leader for her city
Slide6Justinian’s Contributions
Determined to rebuild the city after a revolt by the peopleEstablished public works programsBuilt bridges, public baths, parks, roads, and hospitalsBuilt grand churchesHagia SophiaLaunched military campaigns to reclaim territory
Slide7Justinian’s Code
Systematic body of law created by JustinianEncouraged by TheodoraRevised and updated Roman codesExtended women’s rights (property)Became basis for western legal codes
Slide8Byzantine Empire under Justinian
Slide9The Eastern Orthodox Church
The Foundation of an Empire
Slide10Hagia
Sophia
Slide11Slide12Slide13Constantine’s Dream
Imagined his “New Rome” as religious center of the Roman Empire
Church used idea of councils to address disputes and answer questions of faith
Orthodox faith of Christianity based on set of beliefs traced to Jesus and the work of early bishops in the Christian councils
Linked closely with government as one all-powerful body
Slide14Church’s Role
Daily Life
Practices
People attended church regularlyReligious sacraments for all stages of lifeMonasteries and Convents cared for sick and poorWealthy supported work of the church
Church Hierarchy from Emperor to Patriarch to Bishops to Priests
Liturgy conducted in Greek was sacred rite of worship
Architecture and art represented religious symbols
High dome with square base
Rich decorations like entering God’s kingdom
Icons represented on walls, in windows, and as mosaics
Slide15The Break from the West
Eastern Orthodox Church came into conflict with Christian churches of West
Iconoclasm – orders by Byzantine emperor to destroy icons after seeing people were worshipping symbols and images instead of God
Crowning of Empress Irene in 800 led the Pope of the West to “defend” the church against the rule of a woman by crowning Frank King Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor
Great Schism – split of the East from West in symbolic ceremony between Cardinal representing West and Patriarch defending Eastern traditions
Slide16End Result of the Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire saw great development in the rule of the people and the role of the church. With the new codes of law and the establishment of the Eastern Orthodox Church, the division of the East and West was more clear. This prosperous Empire was successful for 1000 years, but the entrance of the Turks from the East ended their mighty reign.
Slide17Comparative Work
Write a thesis that taps for the prompt to the right. Fill out the outline included at the end of your notes.
Analyze the similarities and differences in the
codes of Justinian and
Quranic
law while discussing the long term impacts of each code on contemporary society.