Office of Freight Mobility New York City Department of Transportation 1 Off Hour Deliveries New York City Joseph Dack HDR Jeffrey Wojtowicz Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute New York City ID: 429237
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Stacey D. HodgeOffice of Freight Mobility, New York City Department of Transportation
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Off Hour Deliveries New York City
Joseph Dack
HDR
Jeffrey
Wojtowicz
Rensselaer
Polytechnic InstituteSlide2
New York CitySlide3
New York City
Population
NYC – 8.4MLondon – 8.3MAreaNYC – 302 sq milesLondon - 607 sq miles
State of New Jersey
State of New YorkSlide4
425,000 trucks into Manhattan per day6,800 restaurants and drinking places generate more
truck traffic than the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey
Delivery Activity Slide5
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Day Time Hours
Four Points by
Sheraton 326 W. 40th St.Between 8th and 9
th Avenues ManhattanSlide6
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Off Hours
Four Points by Sheraton 326 W. 40th St.Between 8th and 9
th Avenues ManhattanSlide7
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Truck TripsSlide8
Loading on StreetSlide9
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Building Operating HoursSlide10
Truck Daily ProfileCrossing to ManhattanSlide11
11Truck Daily Profile
Crossing from
ManhattanSlide12
2007 – 2010
Three separate one-month stages:Foot Locker (ten stores)/NDL
Whole Foods (four stores) Sysco (twenty one stores) About 35 receivers, 20 trucks/vendors½ were staffed OHD½ were unassisted OHD
1st Phase: Pilot TestSlide13
Carriers/Vendors: 1.55Drivers: Parking = 1.11
Feeling of safety = 1.86
Stress levels = 1.11Receivers:Impression of off-hour deliveries = 1.50How likely are you to off-hour deliveries = 1.42 If all liability issues were addressed, would you be
interested in receiving unassisted OHD? = 2.1713
Scale: 1= Very favorable,
5
= Very unfavorable
Results from SurveysSlide14
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More than three times as fast
Results
Average Service TimesSlide15
All of the receivers doing staffed OHD reverted back to the regular hoursAlmost all the receivers doing unassisted OHD
remained in the off-hours
The reason: reliability of OHD“Our locations will continue to receive ‘night drops’ even though this program has ended as our managers now favor the dependability of night drops vs. late day time deliveries. Thanks again for the program.” Nick Kenner, Managing Partner, Just Salad LLCKey lesson: Unassisted OHD work for large numbers of receivers, and do not require on-going incentives
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After the end of PilotSlide16
Launch and implementationResearch was conducted to find out how to:Foster:
Unassisted OHD at businesses establishments (retail and the food sector are the top priority)
OHD at Large Traffic GeneratorsUse technology to:Reduce noise during OHDFacilitate Unassisted OHD
16Second Phase:
Design and LaunchSlide17
Key determinants in OHD participation:One-Time-Incentive (financial)
Discounts from vendors (financial)Business support
is worth US$1,000 - $3,000Public recognition is worth US$600 - $1,100Trusted vendor is worth
US$24,000 - $36,000Additional suggestions:Public sector
Incentives and public recognitionCarriers/vendors Shipping discountsTrucking groups Create a “Trusted vendor” program17Unassisted OHDBehavioral ResearchSlide18
Key participants (400+ companies):Sysco: 31 OHD routes/week (18% of their routes, 171) delivering to 140 unassisted off-hour delivery customers
Wakefern: 5 OHD routes/day (25% of their total)Duane Reade: Approximately 120 of their 160 Manhattan stores receive OHD on a regular basis
Dunkin Donuts: 72 stores out of 121 in ManhattanBeverage Works (Red Bull) has approximately 130 routes in the NY Metro, 22% are OHDWaldorf Astoria
18Current StatusSlide19
Travel time savings All highway users = 3-5 minutes per tripFor carriers that switch to the off-hours = 48 minutes per delivery tour
Service times savings (per tour) could be up to 1-3 hours
$100 and $200 million/year in travel time savings and pollution reductionsSavings for participating carriers: $2,250,000/year19
Economic ImpactsSlide20
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Environmental Impacts
Pollution ReductionsSlide21
Developing incentive structure at the onset ‘Icon’ businesses serve as great role models
Focusing outreach resources on the receivers is most beneficial
Define an effective marketing strategyFinding ‘champions’ within a businessGarner high level supportDo not mandate OHD, keep it voluntaryAllow flexibility into the schedule
21Key Lessons LearnedSlide22
2011
2014
OHD Expansion Rate
5,000
500 Trend Line Today Potential Trend lineLess daytime deliveries2018Slide23
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Partnerships
On-going industry partnershipsSlide24
Next Steps
Increase business participation
Trial a quiet concept vehicle to prove noise can be managed and challenge lease agreementsGain support from multiple agencies
Funding for incentivesSlide25
Thanks!Questions?