Ch 15 India amp the Indian Ocean Basin Quest for Centralized Imperial Rule Guptas Severe nomadic pressures Gupta ends 16 th c Muhgals Come in and Assert authority India N amp S Differences ID: 765979
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Ch. 15 India & the Indian Ocean Basin
Quest for Centralized Imperial Rule Guptas Severe nomadic pressures Gupta ends 16 th c. MuhgalsCome in and Assert authority India N. & S. Differences North Politically Turbulent and Tense Harsha Momentarily Created stability In N. India Good leader Tolerant of Religion, giving,scholarly Decline No centralized rule Local rulers in charge Assassinated, No heir Name 3 qualities that make a good leader. Why, in your opinion are these Good qualities? 2. What made Harsha a good leader? But why couldn’t he maintain control Of Northern India?
Introduction of Islam to N. India Islam into India Militarily India under Muslim Control for A time Merchants Both in N.And S. India More accepting Created SmallCommunities, Married women Migration& invasion Turks from C. Asia Mahmud Ghazi Turkish Leader Several raiding expeditions Not for land But wealth Destroyed Buddhist & Hindu sites, and Built mosques Sultanate of Delhi Est. by successor Of Mahmud Prominent in the Islamic World Did not extend beyond Delhi No real strength in Terms of bureaucracy & administration Huge role in est. Islam In Bengal region 3. What 3 ways did Islam come Into India? 4. What was Ghazi’s main purpose? 5. Why do you Think Islam’s Sultanate of Delhi was not Able to expand Beyond it’s Boundaries?
Production in Trade in Indian Ocean Basin Agriculture Monsoons Summer = Rainfall = Good crops IrrigationSystems No natural Water source Dams, Canals,resevoirs Population Growth 600ce 53m- 1500ce 105m Trade & Economic Development Most regions In India Were self-sufficient Commodities & SpecializedCrops had to Be traded w/in Hundreds Of HinduTemples 1.Agricultural activities.2. Irrigation systems 3. Boys Schooling 4. Banker Promoted economic Development thru Production & trade Temple/guild relationships Cross cultural trade in Indian Ocean Basin Emporia: Clearinghouses Of India Ocean Basin Used silk roads & sea lanes Larger ships Created to Withstand Monsoon Ryhthmns : Dhows (India Persia, Arab) Junks (Chinese Song Dynasty ) Creation Of Specialized Products:cotton Sugar refining, Leather tanning. Kingdom of Axum Political & Economic Developments Prominently Christian in Ethiopia Failed Islamic attempts Axum is still Successful due To trade in Indian Ocean Basin & Mediterranean sea 6. How did monsoons Help lead to Population growth? 7. How did Hindu Temples effect the Indian Economy? 8. How did the Indian Ocean Basin promote Commercial (trade) Practices with Asia? 9. Even with no Christian influence Around them why Do you think Axum Was able to Maintain Christianity In its realm?
Production in Trade in Indian Ocean Basin Caste Society Adapted to Migrants (codes of conduct ) Jati Political & EconomicInfluences Geography N. To S. ThroughCommercial Developments Guilds, Brahmins 10. Why do you think the Caste system has been able To exist from its early development to 12th century?
The Meeting of Hindu & Islamic Traditions Buddhism Decline due to External attacks Devotional Cults Particularly Vishnu (preserver of The world) & Shiva (fertility& destructive) Promised Salvation Honored DeitiesAssociatedw/Vishnu& Shiva Hope to Bring moreMystic unionw/gods Shankara Devotee Of Shiva Philosophy Based on Reason &metaphysics Ramanuja Devotee Of Vishnu Personal Union w/ deity Bliss from Salvation & identificationOf indiv . w/gods Islam & its appeal Conversion To improve Position & Escape discrimination Sufis Helped w/converts Focus more On personal, Emotional, Devotional Approach Than on doctrine Helped those Find Comfort & meaning Bhakti Movement Combo Of Hinduism & Islam Guru Kabir Vishnu, Allah, Shiva Said all One deity 11. What is more important Moving beyond reality or waiting To be saved? 12. What’s more Important that you Believe in a religion Or you follow its Doctrine?
The Influence of Indian Society in SE Asia The State of SE Asia SE Asia Familiar w/Indian Politics & tradition PoliticalOrg. (Kingships) & Religious faiths (Hinduism, Buddhism) Literature Ramayana & Mahabharata (Hindu Values) Funan Adopts Indian Political,CulturalReligioustraditions Srivijaya Naval Based & Buddhist Angko r Indian Traditions,Microcosm Of Hindu Arrival of Islam Merchant Attracted Other elites,traders Sufis Melaka state Sponsored Islamic Faith Welcome Sufis, theologian, missionaries 13. How did India effect the area of SE Asia? 14. How did Islam effect The area of SE Asia?