GovernmentCivics Understandings SS7CG4 The student will compare and contrast various forms of government Describe the ways government systems distribute power unitary confederation and federal ID: 743798
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Slide1
Middle East Government Systems
Government/Civics Understandings SS7CG4 The student will compare and contrast various forms of government.
Describe
the ways
government systems distribute power
: unitary, confederation, and federal
.
Explain
how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and
democratic.
Describe
the two predominant forms of democratic governments: parliamentary and presidential.
SS7CG5
The student will explain the structures of the national governments of Southwest Asia (Middle East).
a. Compare the parliamentary democracy of the State of Israel, the monarchy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the theocracy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, distinguishing the form of leadership and the role of the citizen in terms of voting rights and personal freedoms. Slide2
There are two main ways
to think about governments:
Government divides power among itself
. Who has power the central government or regional (state ) government? Examples of this are Unitary, Confederation, and Federal governments.
Government shares power with the citizens
. This is called
Citizen Participation
. If one person has all the power citizen participation is low, if many people have power (can vote) citizen participation is high.
Governments ALWAYS
D
ivide
power among themselves (Central and Regions)
Divide power between
the government and people (
citizen participation
).
You
need to know both for all governments studied
.Slide3
Unitary:
Confederation
Federation
Central PowerHas all powerHas little or no powerShares power with Regional/State power Regional / State PowerVery limited power, given by Central governmentHold MOST powerShares power with Central / Federal power
AutocracyOligarchyDemocracyNumber of people in Government1fewMostRole of Citizen ParticipationNoneSmall or small number of peopleAlmost all
How government divides power to itself
Citizen ParticipationSlide4
Central
Authority
Unitary
Power is held by one central power:
Regions may have limited power given to them by the stateRegional AuthorityRegional AuthorityRegional Authority
Regional AuthoritySlide5
Central
Authority
Regional Authority
Regional Authority
Regional AuthorityRegional Authority
Voluntary association of independent states that often only delegate a few powers to the central authority.Less binding than a federation.
ConfederationSlide6
Federation / Federal
Regional
Authority
Central AuthorityRegional
AuthorityRegional AuthorityRegional Authority
Power is divided between one central and several regional
authorities.
Power is
shared between States (regional authorities) and Central GovernmentSlide7
Citizen Participation
Democracy
Oligarchic
Autocratic
Government Power by 1 No Citizen Participation Government Power by few Some General Citizens’ Participation
Government Power shared by many
large Citizen ParticipationSlide8
Autocratic
One person possesses unlimited power.
The citizen has limited, if any, role in government
.Slide9
Autocracy
The oldest form of government.
Maintain power through inheritance or ruthless use of military and police power.
Types: DictatorshipMonarchyThere is little or NO citizen participationSlide10
Oligarchy
Government by the few.
The citizen has a very limited role.
The group gets its power from military power, social power, wealth, religion or a combination. Political opposition is usually suppressed- sometimes violently. Examples- Communist countries such as China or Nobility in Medieval EuropeSlide11
Democracy
Parliamentary:
People vote for the Political party they feel best represents their views.
May have a Prime Minister elected by the legislature. Presidential:A system of government in which the president is constitutionally independent of the legislature.
President is elected directly by people.People play greater role in deciding government leaders, often by voting.Slide12
.
Monarchy:
Saudi Arabia
King is the political leader by right of birth called hereditary monarchy.
Theocracy:IranGovernment in which a Deity (God) is recognized as the ruler. Usually has “representative” who speaks for God and acts as King.Parliamentary Democracy:IsraelPeople elect a political party which is represented in the Knesset (legislative branch) and the Prime minister is the leader