Plan of the talk Unofficial common ground accounts - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Plan of the talk

Unofficial common ground accounts

(

Stokke

, 2013;

Eckardt

, 2014)

Metafictive statements

Workspace account

Bald-faced lies

Unofficial common ground

C = <C

0

, C

1

, … ,

C

n>

Official

C

Harry Potter

Unofficial

C

LOTR

Sherlock Holmes

Unofficial common ground

–

Metafictive

statements – Workspace account – Bald-faced lies

Unofficial common ground

Assertions (lies):

C

+

A

p = <C

0

*p, C1

, … ,Cn>

Official

C

Harry Potter

Unofficial

C

LOTR

Sherlock Holmes

?

C

0

∪

{p}

Unofficial common ground

–

Metafictive

statements – Workspace account – Bald-faced lies

Unofficial common ground

Official

C

Harry Potter

Unofficial

C

LOTR

Pride

and

Prejudice

Sherlock Holmes

C +

F,i

p =

{

<C

0

, C

1

, … , C

i-1

, C

i

*p, C

i+1

, … , C

n

>, if 1 ≤

i

≤ n,

<C

0

, C

1

, … , C

n

, C

BASE

*p>,

otherwise

Fiction:

Unofficial common ground

–

Metafictive

statements – Workspace account – Bald-faced lies

?

Unofficial common ground

Eckardt

:

non-temporal

unofficial common grounds

Stokke

:

temporal unofficial common grounds

Official

C

Harry Potter

Unofficial

C

LOTR

Sherlock Holmes

Unofficial common ground

–

Metafictive

statements – Workspace account – Bald-faced lies

Pride

and

Prejudice

Metafictive statements

A:

Frodo

was

adopted

by

his

uncle

B:

Actually

,

Bilbo

is

Frodo’s

cousin

Conflicting intuitions:

1. The

acceptance of fictional truths is temporary 2. We retain information about fictional content after engaging with narrative

“[A]n unofficial common ground need not be temporary in the sense of lasting a short time. There are arguably [unofficial] common grounds [that] continue to be operative for a very long time”

(

Stokke

, 2013:55)

Unofficial common ground –

Metafictive

statements

– Workspace account – Bald-faced lies

Metafictive statements

Fictional statements

Frodo

had a very trying time that

afternoon

(

The Lord of the Rings)

“Metafictive statements”

(Currie, 1990) Frodo was adopted by his cousin = In

The Lord of the Rings, Frodo was adopted by his cousin

Unofficial common ground –

Metafictive statements – Workspace account – Bald-faced lies

Workspace account

<C, W> + p = <C, W*p>

Workspace

W

Official

C

Unofficial common ground –

Metafictive

statements –

Workspace account

– Bald-faced lies

Workspace account

Assertive closure:

<

C, W>



<W, W>

Workspace

W

Workspace

W

Workspace

W

Official

C

Unofficial common ground –

Metafictive

statements –

Workspace account

– Bald-faced lies

Workspace account

Fictive

i

closure:

<C, W>



<C∪{□­­

i⋂W

}, C∪{□­­i⋂W}>

OfficialC

Workspace

W

W

C

□­­

i

W

C

□­­

i

Official

C

Unofficial common ground –

Metafictive

statements –

Workspace account

– Bald-faced lies

Lewisian

In fiction

i

-operator:

□

­­

i

Workspace account

Workspace

W

W

C

□­­

i

W

C

□­­

i

Official

C

Unofficial common ground –

Metafictive

statements –

Workspace account

– Bald-faced lies

Workspace

W

Workspace

W

Workspace

W

Official

C

Assertions, lies

Fictional statements

Workspace account

Unofficial common ground –

Metafictive

statements –

Workspace account

– Bald-faced lies

□­­

k

□­

j

□­­

i

Official

C

□­

h

W

W

W

W

Bald-faced

lies

Lie is

an

assertion



proposal to update

the official common groundIntention to deceive

?“Bald-faced lies” (

Sorensen, 2007): statements that

are labelled ‘lies’ but involve no intention to deceive

Unofficial common ground – Metafictive statements – Workspace account – Bald-faced lies

Unofficial common ground –

Metafictive

statements – Workspace account –

Bald-faced lies

Bald-

faced

lies

Bald-faced lies

Pentangeli

: I never knew no Godfather

Proposal to update the official common ground?



Acceptance based official common ground

Common acceptance:

Pentangeli

knows no GodfatherInstead:Common belief: According to the account given by

Pentangeli in court, he knows no Godfather

Unofficial common ground –

Metafictive statements – Workspace account – Bald-faced lies

Bald-faced

lies

Workspace

W

W

C

□­­

i

W

C

□­­

i

Official

C

Unofficial common ground –

Metafictive

statements – Workspace account –

Bald-faced lies

Fictive

i

closure:

<C, W>



<C∪{□­­

i

⋂W

}, C∪{□­­

i

⋂W

}>

Bald-

faced

lie

is

not

a

lie

(cf.

Kreiser

,

2016;

Meibauer

, 2014)

but

resembles

a

fictional

statement

Conclusions

Unofficial common ground accounts do

not

adequately

model

metafictive

discourse

Workspace account:

- uniform workspace update - assertive and

fictive closureBald-faced lies are more like fictional statements than like lies

Further

research

Nature of *

Nature of

C

BASE

Continuing

reading