S DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Buildings for the 21st Century Buildings that are more energy efficient comfortable and affordablethats the goal of DOEs Office of Building Technology State and Community Programs BTS To accelerate the development and wide app ID: 26319
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PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGNIncrease energy efficiency and comfort in homesby incorporating passive solar design features \b\t\n \f\r\t\b\r\t\r\f\b\t\n \f\n\t\f\r\t\r\r\t\n\t\r\n\f\f\t\f\r\f\n \f\n\b\t\n \f\t\t\b\t\t\t \t \n\f\n\t\f \n\t \r\r\f\b\t !\t\f\r\f\n\t\n \t"#\n\f\t$\t\f##\f\n\t\t\r\t\f\b\r\b\t %& \n\b\t'(\t\t\n \b\f\t#\n\b\t\r\t\r\t)\t$\r*\t\b\t$\n \n \t\t\b\n\r\t\f\t$\n \f\f\n\r\r\b\t\t\f\n\r\f\b+#\n\t\f\t\f##\f\b& \r\n\b\t\r,\b\f"\t##\r\n\n\b\t\n\t\n \r\b\t\f\t\r\b\t\t \b\f\t\r\f\t\b&-\r*\b\t$\n \t\b\n\f\n\t\f\t\f\r\f\n\r\t\r#\b\t\n\t#\r"\t\b\t\f##\f\b\n\f\f\r\b\t\f\t\b\t\r\n\t\r\t\b& \r"\b\t\b##\r\n\t\f\t\r\f\n\b\n\t\b\n\f\n\b\t\f\t\n\b\r\t#\n\t\t\r)\n\t\n \b\t\f \t \t \t \t\t typically accrue energy benefits with low main-\t SOLAR POSITIONING CONSIDERATIONSThe south side of the home must beoriented to within 30 degrees of due SUMMERWINTERsoftware that can improve the design andintegration of passive solar principles into It takes more thought to design with the sun;however, passive solar features such as ions of authors expressed herein !"#\t $"%\t\t $ THERMAL MASS IN THE HEATING SEASON 10am - 5pm 5pm - 11pm 11pm - 6:30amdaylighting, passive solar heating, and high-efficiency mechanical systems. Another tool to both the air and thermal mass materials. Onminimize heat losses to the outside.TechnologyFactSheet PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGNIncrease energy efficiency and comfort in homesby incorporating passive solar design features \b\t\n \f\r\t\b\r\t\r\f\b\t\n \f\n\t\f\r\t\r\r\t\n\t\r\n\f\f\t\f\r\f\n \f\n\b\t\n \f\t\t\b\t\t\t \t \n\f\n\t\f \n\t \r\r\f\b\t !\t\f\r\f\n\t\n \t"#\n\f\t$\t\f##\f\n\t\t\r\t\f\b\r\b\t %& \n\b\t'(\t\t\n \b\f\t#\n\b\t\r\t\r\t)\t$\r*\t\b\t$\n \n \t\t\b\n\r\t\f\t$\n \f\f\n\r\r\b\t\t\f\n\r\f\b+#\n\t\f\t\f##\f\b& \r\n\b\t\r,\b\f"\t##\r\n\n\b\t\n\t\n \r\b\t\f\t\r\b\t\t \b\f\t\r\f\t\b&-\r*\b\t$\n \t\b\n\f\n\t\f\t\f\r\f\n\r\t\r#\b\t\n\t#\r"\t\b\t\f##\f\b\n\f\f\r\b\t\f\t\b\t\r\n\t\r\t\b& \r"\b\t\b##\r\n\t\f\t\r\f\n\b\n\t\b\n\f\n\b\t\f\t\n\b\r\t#\n\t\t\r)\n\t\n \b\t\f \t \t \t \t\t typically accrue energy benefits with low main-\t SOLAR POSITIONING CONSIDERATIONSThe south side of the home must beoriented to within 30 degrees of due SUMMERWINTERsoftware that can improve the design andintegration of passive solar principles into It takes more thought to design with the sun;however, passive solar features such as ions of authors expressed herein !"#\t $"%\t\t $ THERMAL MASS IN THE HEATING SEASON 10am - 5pm 5pm - 11pm 11pm - 6:30amdaylighting, passive solar heating, and high-efficiency mechanical systems. Another tool to both the air and thermal mass materials. Onminimize heat losses to the outside.TechnologyFactSheet % " !"# $"% maximize solar heat gain in winter and minimize it in summer.Start by using energy-efficient design strategies.Orient the house with the long axis running east/west.Select, orient, and size glass to optimize winter heat gainSize south-facing overhangs to shade windows in summerand allow solar gain in winter.Add thermal mass in walls or floors for heat storage.Use natural ventilation to reduce or eliminatecoolingneeds.Use daylight to provide natural lighting.These techniques are described in more detail below. A passive solar home should start out wellinsulation levels (International Code Councils InternationalDOE/CE-0180, (800) DOE-EREC, www.ornl.gov/roofs+walls), The buildings southern exposure must beclear of large obstacles (e.g., tall buildings, tall trees) thatoptimal to maximize solar contribution, it is neither mandatory of Heating with solar energy is easy:justletthe sun shine in through the windows. The naturalglass to balance heat gain and heat loss properties withoutlessened such concerns by increasing window insulationproperties to help keep heat where it is needed. WINDOW RATINGSMany windows include a National Fenestration RatingCouncil sticker that lists U-factors, SHGC, and VT. SHADEWINDOWS PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGN Costeffective windows for cooling climates have a U-factor belowWherever possible, climate-specific window property great strategy for cold climates and costs nothing beyondgood planning. Many passive solar homes are merely The summer sun rises higher overhead than thepass through the window to warm the interior. Landscapingsummer heat gain. Mature deciduous trees permit most winterdappled shade throughout summer. and moderates indoor temperatures. Although even overcast136.html). Avoid coverings such as carpet that inhibit thermal Apt use of outdoor air often can cool a homesupplemental cooling. Cross-ventilation techniques capture cool- Natural Lighting. Sometimes called daylighting, natural light-window areas. A daylit room requires, as a general rule, at least 2 40 degrees80 degrees8 feet 1.Draw the wall to be shaded to scale.2.Draw the summer sun angle upward from the3.Draw the overhang until it intersects the4.Draw the line at the winter sun angle from thebottom edge of the overhang to the wall.5.Use a solid wall above the line where the wintersun hits. The portion of the wall below that aaa