Clarifying The Code CTEBVI Workshop 201 Presented by Amanuensis Braille Presenter Robert Roldan rroldanamanuensisbraillecom New Guidelines This workshop is based on the Braille Formats PrinttoBraille Transcription 2011 ID: 425143
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Slide1
Braille Formats 2011 Clarifying The CodeCTEBVI Workshop 201
Presented by: Amanuensis Braille
Presenter
:
Robert Roldan
rroldan@amanuensisbraille.comSlide2
New GuidelinesThis workshop is based on the Braille Formats Print-to-Braille Transcription, 2011Guidelines are available at http://www.brailleauthority.org/formats/2011manual-web/index.html
Nemeth application of Braille Formats 2011 guidelines are available at
http://www.brailleauthority.org/nemethupdates2012Slide3
IntroductionThe new Braille Format supersedes all prior publications and updates of Braille Formats: Principles of Print-to Braille Transcription
.
EBAE, Foreign Language Guidelines for Braille Transcription,
and the
Guidelines and Standards for Tactile Graphics
are being revised to include the adopted changes in braille symbols and new formats. Where there are conflicts between these publications and the new
Braille Formats: Principles of Print-to-Braille Transcription, 2011,
follow Braille Formats
.
It is expected that these guidelines will be applied unless a situation is not covered.
The new guidelines allow transcribers to make decisions when confronted with material not specifically addressed within
the
code.Slide4
Basic Principles and General FormatsUse the appendices as a quick reference guide.Clarity supersedes space savingConsistency must be maintained throughout
Follow Print (
wysiwyg
)
Review the Special Symbols and Transcriber’s Notes summaries found in the fundamentals section of each guideline.
Slide5
Major ChangesBraille Page Numbering. A distinction is made between transcriber inserted pages and print pages, which allows us to retain front matter print page order.
Headings.
A new heading level accommodates the need for additional distinction in today’s textbooks.
Nested Lists.
All multilevel lists are formatted the same and the principles apply for all situations.
Footnotes.
Most footnotes are now at the end of the print page. This enables the flow of thought to be preserved. There is a new generic footnote indicator which will be used with all types of footnotes.
Slide6
Mathematical and Non-Alphabetic Signs and SymbolsEntire section of old Braille Formats was removedSigns of MeasurementSigns of Enclosures
Mathematical Signs
Currency Signs
Non-Alphabetic Signs
Arrows and Arrowheads
Since the
New Formats
does not
cover how to handle these symbols consult the
EBAE
formats and
its
related
2007 update.
Revised Appendix G and the
future EBAE
updates will deal with how to handle the symbols.
Check the
BANA site for updates.Slide7
Partially Technical Works New Nemeth Code IndicatorsUse opening and closing Nemeth Indicators
_%
Begin Nemeth Code
_:
End Nemeth Code
Preceded and followed by a space
Encloses the Nemeth material
Must appear on one line whenever possible
Line breaks must comply with Nemeth code
Formatted according to Nemeth code
Emphasize according to Nemeth code
All Nemeth symbols must be listed on the Special Symbols page or in TN before the text.
Note:
Entire volume done in Nemeth doesn’t require listing of Nemeth symbols on the Special Symbols page
Transcriber’s note
Before affected text for infrequent occurrences
On the TN page when repeated 2 or more times in a volumeSlide8
Nemeth Example
When you know the principal amount, the rate and the time. The amount of interest can be calculated by using the formula:
I =
Prt
We have 4500 to invest with a rate of 9.5% for a 6 year period of time.
I = 4500 X .095 X 6
I = 2565
,:5 Y "K ! PR9CIPAL AM.T1 ! RATE &! "T4 ,! AM.T ( 9T]E/ C 2 CALCULAT$ 0US+ ! =MULA3
_% ,I .K ,PRT _:
,WE H #DEJJ 69VE/ )A RATE ( #I.E@3P =A #F YE> P]IOD ( "T4
_% ,I .K #4500@*.095@*6
,I .K #2565 _:Slide9
Foreign MaterialForeign language words or phrases within an English language paragraph are contracted as though they are English. Use the dot 4 accent indicator for accented letters.Font attributes no longer determine whether or not the foreign language is contracted.
Letter sign is used before any single letter or letter combination that could be mistaken for an English contraction or short-form word
Foreign Language rules are used for entire passages in a Foreign Language.
Braille uncontracted
Use the appropriate foreign language symbols for accented letters
No letter indicatorSlide10
Punctuation in a position not normally seen in English context requires the use of the foreign language punctuation indicator. Insert ; (56), before the unusual punctuation in English context. The foreign language punctuation indicator is listed on the Special Symbols page, or included in a transcriber’s note before the text. Slide11
Transcriber’s NotesIf a special format or usage occurs more than once in a volume, include it on the Transcriber's Notes page.Electronic addresses in this volume are transcribed according to the
Computer Braille Code, 2000, 2010 Updates.
No contractions are used. See list of Computer Braille Code symbols on special symbols page.
Remember that the CBC statement for numbers being brailled in lower cells goes on the Special Symbols page following the CBC symbols
Any wording not shown in the print text inserted by the transcriber is treated as a transcriber's note.
Any changes from print to braille that the guidelines do not explicitly state that a TN is not required,
must
be explained in a TN.
Embedded Transcriber's Notes. An embedded transcriber's note is seven words or fewer and may be shown within the text or standing alone, e.g., used as a heading.Slide12
Embedded TN Examples Slide13
TN Format ChangesHeadings, captions, and other descriptive terms added to the text are enclosed in a TNEmbedded TN is placed immediately following the affected textTN of 8 words or more is brailled in a 7/5 format before the affected text.
No blank lines are used unless required by other formats Slide14
TN Format ExamplesSlide15
TN Format Changes (cont.)Identifications of two or more abbreviations or symbols are listed in 1-3, preceded and followed by a blank line. The closing transcriber’s note indicator follows the last item. Slide16
HeadingsCentered HeadingMain TopicCentered on pageBlank lines before and after
Exceptions
No blank line between Centered Heading and Top Box Line
No blank line in Table of Contents when an entry follows
No blank lines before or after alphabetic divisions
Centered Title and Author
No guideline stating that they are treated as a series of centered headings.
These headings are separated by a blank line as Example 4-2 shows.
Slide17
Cell-5 HeadingCell-5 HeadingFollows a Centered HeadingCan be followed by an equally important Cell-5 heading
Blank line before
No blank line after unless the heading is followed by column materialSlide18
Headings (cont.)Cell-7 HeadingBlank line beforeNo blank line after unless the heading is followed by column material
Cannot be followed by any heading including its own
Devise an Icon when it is not clearly described by the heading or it is referred to in the text
When a series of headings fills an entire page the last heading must be kept with 1 line of text on the next page.Slide19
Font AttributesRetain all font attributes that add meaning to the text and/or may be referenced by the teacher, another reader, or elsewhere in the book or corresponding workbook/handbook When can font attributes be omitted
When they are not directly referred to in the text and/or they are for decorative purposes.
When the format used distinguishes it from regular text
See sections 5.3 and 5.4 for specific examplesSlide20
_. (456, 46) Single bold indicator _.. (456, 46, 46) Double bold indicator
._.
(46, 456, 46) Single bold italic indicator
._..
(46, 456, 46, 46) Double bold italic indicator
Boldface IndicatorsSlide21
Use individual indicators for one to three words with the same attribute Use the appropriate beginning and ending indicators for four or more words with the same attribute Slide22
_- Single underline indicator _7 Double underline indicator $
Shape indicator (followed by one or two unspaced letters) for words enclosed in shapes, e.g., circles, boxes, etc.
Color indicator is
_
(456) followed by an unspaced letter such as b for blue.
Highlight indicator is
_
(456) followed by an unspaced letter such as y for yellow to indicate the color of highlighting, followed by an unspaced h for highlighting
All are closed by the termination sign
Place a blank space after opening symbol
Place a blank space before the termination sign
The opening indicator must be on the same line as the first word
The termination sign must be on the same line as the last word
Note: Place the termination indicator after the ending punctuation when the colored text ends a sentence. If the emphasized text is inside of quotation marks or signs of enclosures place the symbols outside of the entire expression.
Underlining, Shapes, Color Indicators, and HighlightsSlide23
ExamplesSlide24
Illustrative MaterialIllustrations that have Copyright or Source information but no captions or additional information that require there inclusion are omitted.When an illustration has a caption, copyright information, and a transcribers description the order of presentation is as follows:
Caption
Copyright
Description (Transcriber’s Note)
Agency decision to omit illustrations
Agency decides if the photo credits at back of book are omitted
Agency decides if the listing of photo credits in a table of contents is omitted
Transcriber’s note is required explaining omission of illustrations and table of contents entrySlide25
Boxed MaterialBoxing lines are listed on the Special Symbols page.Format to use:77
(2356, 2356) Open box line
Colored boxes are brailled using the colored font attribute followed by a blank space and the box line.
Color font attribute symbol is listed on the special symbols page with font attributes.
Format is explained on the Transcriber’s Notes page
Blank line requirements for the top and bottom box lines take precedence over the Attribution, Cross Reference, and Incidental Note blank line requirements. Slide26
Displayed MaterialCell 3 is used as the adjusted left margin for most displayed material. To accommodate various print formats, it may be necessary to change this left margin for some types of displayed material.The adjusted left margin for displayed text in exercise material is cell 5, with indented paragraphs in 7/5 format.
Transcription of displayed material needs to maintain the difference shown in print between the regular text and the displayed text. Slide27Slide28
Displayed Material ChangesHorizontal word lists across the print page must fit on a single braille line, with each word separated by two blank cells. Word lists that do not fit on a single braille line are changed to columns, listing the words from left to right. Word lists with phrases are listed vertically. Slide29
Exercise Material Do not change the wording for directions or exercise materialFollow print format for instructions without specific question/answer activities. Exercise without sub entries is in 1/3
Exercise with sub entries is done using indented list format.
Two levels: 1-5, 3-5
Three levels: 1-7, 3-7, 5-7
Four levels: 1-9, 3-9, 5-9, 7-9 Etc.Slide30
Example Problem in ExercisesRetain emphasis for labels identifying examples, models, samples of questions with answers, etc., when the label is not followed by punctuation. Do not retain emphasis for labels identifying examples, models, samples of questions with answers, etc., when the label
is followed by punctuation.
A blank line is required before and after exercise examples.
The format of exercise examples is the same as the format of the questions/answers that follow.
When a label is followed by a numbered item on the same line, move the numbered item to the next line so all numbered items begin in the same cell. Keep the label in cell 1.
When a label is followed by a pair of sentences, both sentences begin in cell 1. Slide31Slide32
Tables and Related DataWhen brailling a table label with the title (e.g., Table 1: Summary Data) do not braille the table number on one line and the title on the next line if they can fit on one braille line.
The cont. table heading for sequentially numbered tables that span more than one braille page is now used for all wide table formats?
When a sequentially numbered table is longer than one braille page the continued heading is not placed on the first page of the table, but must appear on line 25 of all subsequent pages.
The facing table format for a wide table cannot be used for tables that would require more than one set of facing pages.Slide33
SidebarsDefinition: Publishing term for information placed adjacent to text. A sidebar is detached from the main text and found in a section either off to one side, above or below the text. Sidebars may or may not be linked, or related to the text.
Insert a sidebar before a paragraph if it is necessary for the understanding of the following text
Insert a sidebar after a paragraph when it adds supportive information
Insert a sidebar before a new section on the page or at the end of the print page when it provides extraneous information
Sidebars utilize the full width of the braille page.
The text layout of the sidebar dictates the format used, i.e., headings (centered, cell-5, cell-7), 3-1 paragraph, nested list, poetry, etc.
Insert a blank line before and after a sidebar when not enclosed in boxing linesSlide34Slide35
PlaysSingle Identification for Multiple CharactersInclude the identification with the first character.Follow print punctuation used with other character names. Insert a colon when no punctuation is used.
Use a ditto symbol
"1
(5, 2) for the remaining character identifications in the group.
The ditto symbol is included on the Special Symbols page, or in a transcriber's note before the text.Slide36
CartoonsCartoons are formatted as a play.It is often useful to insert a brief scene setting describing the cartoon and the characters before beginning the cartoon. Include this in a transcriber's note, starting on the line after the cartoon and title information
A blank line is inserted to separate scene settings from dialogue
Dialogue is in 1-3
Frames use a 5/5 stage direction format
If necessary, a brief description of the action in the frame is enclosed in transcriber's note symbols following the character's name and colon. This description is not limited to seven words Slide37Slide38
NotesAn agency can decide to place all of the notes in a separate volume. When done the volumes should have distinct headings. Volume 3Notes to Volume 3Slide39
SpellersRoot words Root words are brailled with contractions and font attributes using foreign language guidelines.Ignore font attributes used with word parts, e.g., prefixes and suffixes, and identified
root words
,
when they are under study.Slide40
Alphabetic ReferencesGuide words are brailled for all alphabetic references.Agency can decide if they are to be omitted for indexes.Slide41
BibliographiesThe three dashes symbol must be listed on the special symbols page.