Confined Space Entry - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Confined Space EntrySlide2

Agenda

Introduction and Objectives

Corporate Policy

Requirements - WorkSafeBC Regulations

Classification of Confined Spaces

Hazard Identification & Risk AssessmentSlide3

Agenda

Confined Space Hazards

Atmospheric Testing

Ventilation

Isolation & Lockout

Rescue

General ProceduresSlide4

Upon completion

of

this

course attendees will:

Be familiar with the WorkSafeBC requirements and regulation

Know their duties and responsibilitiesUnderstand the types of confined space hazards

Training ObjectivesSlide5

Training Objectives

Objectives

- continued

Know

the types of control measures used to ensure a space is

safeBe able to conduct a pre-entry assessmentUnderstand procedures for working inside a confined spaceSlide6

Training Objectives

Objectives

– continued

Be

familiar with the operation of gas

detectorsBe able to conduct atmospheric testingKnow what to do in the event of an emergencySlide7

Insert your corporate confined space policy information here

Corporate PolicySlide8

Regulatory Requirements

WorkSafeBC RegulationsSlide9

Confined Space Entry - Part 9

9.2 - 9.5 - General Requirements

9.6 - 9.8 - Responsibilities

9.9

– 9.11

- Hazard Assessment and Work ProceduresWorkSafeBC RegulationsSlide10

WorkSafeBC Regulations

9.12 - 9.16 - Identification and Entry Permits

9.17 - 9.23 - Lockout & Isolation

9.24 - 9.26 - Verification and Testing

9.27 - 9.29 - Cleaning, Purging, Venting,

InertingSlide11

9.30 - 9.33 - Ventilation

9.34 - 9.36 - Standby Persons

9.37 - 9.41 - Rescue

9.42 - 9.45 -

Lifelines

, Harnesses & Lifting Equipment9.46 - 9.51 - Personal Protective Eqpt & Other PrecautionsWorkSafeBC RegulationsSlide12

The employer

must have a written confined space entry program

must assign overall responsibility for administration of the confined space entry program to a

qualified person

or

personsResponsibilitiesSlide13

Supervisors

Ensure that:

pre-entry testing and inspections are conducted

precautions are followed

only authorized workers enter a confined space

ResponsibilitiesSlide14

Workers

m

ust be instructed and trained in:

the hazards of confined spaces

the

precautions identified in written proceduresResponsibilitiesSlide15

What Is a Confined SpaceSlide16

A confined space is an area, other than an underground working, that:

Is enclosed or partially enclosed,

Is not designed or intended for continuous human occupancy,

What Is A Confined SpaceSlide17

What Is A Confined Space

A confined space

- continued

Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit that may complicate the provision of first aid evacuation, rescue or other emergency response service,

and

Is large enough and so configured that a worker could enter to perform assigned work.Slide18

What Is An Enclosed Space

Has

many of the characteristics of a confined space but does not meet the complete definition

.

may

be as hazardous as a confined space and may require written procedures for entry.Slide19

What Is A Confined Space

Review Confined Space Identification ChartSlide20

Identification

and Hazard Assessments

Regulation 9.9 – 9.16Slide21

Initial

hazard assessments:

identify

confined

spaces

provide an initial classification of the spacesaid in maintaining the confined space inventorymust be completed by a qualified

person

Identification and Hazard AssessmentsSlide22

Classification is based on atmospheric hazards

There are three classifications

:

Low

Hazard Atmosphere

Moderate Hazard AtmosphereHigh Hazard Atmosphere

Identification and Hazard AssessmentsSlide23

Low

Hazard Atmosphere

Contains clean respirable air (same as outside air) according to immediate pre-entry testing

Air quality is not likely to change during the work activity,

and

Work will not generate contaminants

Identification and Hazard AssessmentsSlide24

Identification and Hazard Assessments

Moderate Hazard Atmosphere

Does

not

contain clean respirable

air, butAny contaminants in the air are not likely to impair the ability of the worker to escape unaided from the space in the event of a failure of the ventilation system or respiratorSlide25

Identification and Hazard Assessments

Moderate Hazard Atmosphere

-

continued

Work activity may generate air

contaminantsContaminants are controlledWorker exposure to the contaminant(s) is not likely to impair the ability of the worker to escape unaided from the space in the event of a failure of the ventilation system or respiratorSlide26

Identification and Hazard Assessments

High Hazard Atmosphere

may

expose a worker to risk of death, incapacitation, injury, acute illness or

otherwise

impair the ability of the worker to escape unaided from a confined space, in the event of a failure of the ventilation system or respiratorSlide27

A

space may change between entries due to:

Varying atmospheric conditions

Changing hazard status

Identification of new hazards

Changes to access and ventilation

Identification and Hazard AssessmentsSlide28

Pre-Entry Risk Assessments:

identify

any changes that may have taken place in the confined space since last entry

act as a permit

provide

procedural information

Identification and Hazard AssessmentsSlide29

Identification and Hazard Assessments

Therefore, a pre-entry risk assessment MUST be done prior to every entrySlide30

Identification and Hazard Assessments

Review the Preliminary Assessment Flow Chart from the written program.Slide31

Confined Space HazardsSlide32

Two categories of confined space hazards:

Atmospheric hazards

Physical hazards

Confined Space HazardsSlide33

Confined Space Hazards

Major Causes of Accidents In Confined Spaces:

Entering without testing

Using air purifying respirators in oxygen deficient atmosphere

Re-entering the space without

testingSlide34

Confined Space Hazards

Major Causes of Accidents in Confined Spaces

- continued

Toxic vapours, gases or dust concentrations

Flammable Gases, Vapours or Dust

Oxygen DeficiencyElectric ShockSlide35

Confined Space Hazards

Why Do People Die In Confined Spaces

? They:

do

not recognize a confined space when they see one

trust their sensesunderestimate the dangerdo not stay alerttry to rescue other

peopleSlide36

Atmospheric

Hazards

The most

common hazard and the leading cause of fatalities. They include

:

Toxic gases, vapours, dusts, mistsOxygen deficient (or enriched)Flammable / Combustible / Explosive

Confined Space HazardsSlide37

Atmospheric Hazards

Oxygen

Deficient or Enriched Atmosphere

Confined Space HazardsSlide38

Air contaminants and/or oxygen deficiency in confined spaces can be produced from:

Normal processes

Waste materials

Work within the confined space

Sources outside the confined space

Confined Space HazardsSlide39

Hydrogen Sulfide (H

2

S) Gas effects:

1 ppm - you can smell it

10 ppm - 8 hour TWA

15 ppm - 15 minute STEL100 ppm - Loss of smell

300 ppm - Loss of consciousness (approx. 30 minutes)

1000 ppm - Immediate respiratory arrest, loss of consciousness, followed by death (paralyses the Phrenic nerve which controls breathing)

Confined Space HazardsSlide40

In one third of accidents involving

toxic gas

or

oxygen deficiency

,

the danger was not present in the confined

space at the time of the initial entry.

Confined Space HazardsSlide41

Fire

and

Explosion

Hazards

The second leading cause of fatalities

Two primary hazards:Flammable vapours – lead to explosionsInhalation risks – due to exposure to flammable vapours

Confined Space HazardsSlide42

Confined Space HazardsSlide43

Fire

and

Explosion Hazards

Flammable or combustible substances that may be found in confined spaces include:

Flammable

GasesFlammable LiquidsCombustible Liquids

Reactive Flammable

Materials

Confined Space HazardsSlide44

Upper

and

Lower Explosive

Limits (

UEL/LEL)

Confined Space HazardsSlide45

Sources of Ignition

Open flame

Hot work, e.g. welding

Flammable and combustible substances

Discharge of static electricity

Confined Space HazardsSlide46

Eliminate Fuel Sources Prior to Entry

The LEL must be maintained below 20%

Clean out flammable residues prior to entry

Use nonflammable cleaning

solvents

Confined Space HazardsSlide47

Confined Space Hazards

Keep

cylinders

outside

of the space

Check hoses and nozzles for leakage before useRemove torches & hose assemblies when not in useSlide48

Static Electricity

Caused by friction between two moving substances or objects

Includes the pouring of liquids and powdered solids

More severe in cold

weather

Can be eliminated by grounding and bondingConfined Space HazardsSlide49

Physical Hazards may include

:

Confined Space Hazards

Toxic

Materials

Falling

Engulfment

Falling Objects

Noise

Temperature Extremes

Slick

/Wet Surfaces

Machinery

Mechanical

Equipment

Electric shock

Poor visibilitySlide50

Control of Physical Ha

zards

If entry is

necessary:

Inspect the

structure through inspection ports where possibleUse mechanical means to dislodge bridges and hung up materialConfined Space HazardsSlide51

Confined Space Hazards

If Entry Is

Necessary, ensure that:

equipment in space

is de-energized and locked out

prior to entryentry workers wear lifeline and harness and are attended by a standby workerentry

workers are provided with any other necessary protective

equipmentSlide52

Confined Space Entry EquipmentSlide53

Entry equipment

may include:

Gas

detectors (Atmospheric Testing)

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

FootwearGloves

Hardhat

Coveralls

Entry EquipmentSlide54

Entry equipment may include

- continued

Respiratory

protection

Ventilation equipment

LightingEntry FormsRescue / Retrieval equipment

Entry EquipmentSlide55

Isolation and

Lockout

Regulation 9.17 – 9.23Slide56

Energy Sources include:

Electrical

Pressure

Momentum / Gravity

Residual / Stored Energy

Isolation and LockoutSlide57

Blanking

and Blinding:

Must be certified

Other precautions

Specific written work procedure

Isolation and LockoutSlide58

Lockout Procedure Summary

All Entrants must have their own locks and the only key to their lock

Before turning off the power, ensure no one is operating the

machinery

All lines must be bled, drained or cleaned out

Isolation and LockoutSlide59

Lockout

Procedure Summary

– continued

All mechanisms under pressure or tension must be released and blocked

Every

person working on the machinery must put his/her own lock onAll energy sources to machinery must be locked

out

Isolation and LockoutSlide60

Isolation and Lockout

Lockout Procedure Summary

- continued

Use safety blocks and pins to support machinery that could fall

All workers using locks must be trained in lockout procedures.Slide61

Verification and Testing

Regulation 9.24 – 9.26Slide62

Test all

confined spaces

prior

to initial entry

Testing must

be done no more than 20 minutes prior to any entryRecord test results at least every 20 minutes

Verification and TestingSlide63

Test

at

all levels

of the

space

Testing prior to re-entry if the space is vacated 20 minutes or moreVacate immediately if alarm sounds

Verification and TestingSlide64

The atmosphere must be monitored continuously while workers are in the confined space

Verification and TestingSlide65

Testing

order

Test for Oxygen first

Explosive condition

Toxicity

levels of contaminants that may be in the space

Verification and TestingSlide66

Air Testing

Procedure

Warm up

detector

Zero

detector

Test air above

opening to space

Test air in space

before

and

after

ventilating

occupied

Verification and TestingSlide67

Additional

air monitoring must be

done

If space is vacated

and

out of visual site of workers for any length of timeAny time

space is vacated

for

20 minutes or more

After

any unusual occurrence such as strange odours

After

any interruption of mechanical ventilation

Verification and TestingSlide68

Ventilation

Regulation 9.30 – 9.33Slide69

Mechanical

ventilation

Mandatory for all

entries

Must

be continuous and commence at least 10 minutes prior to entryBlows air into the spaceMust

provide

50

cfm

of fresh air per worker in the

space

Not a substitute for air monitoring

VentilationSlide70

Replaces contaminated air with clean, breathable air

Decreases the chance of an explosion

Eliminates toxicity

Increases the chance of survival

Creates

cooling effect for both victims and rescuers

VentilationSlide71

Ventilation

Local Exhaust Ventilation

Required in some instances

Natural Ventilation

Must be sufficient to maintain any contaminants below their exposure limitsSlide72

Ventilation Precautions

Minimize

bends and kinks in the

hose

Position the blower so it is clear of vehicle exhaust and other sources of pollution

Place compressor upwind of the entranceSlide73

Ensure compressor

cannot be

shut

off without

knowledge

of entry personnelPurge blower by directing flow of air at street level, away from the open manhole

Ventilation Precautions (cont’d)Slide74

Ventilation Precautions (cont’d)

Ventilate for

several minutes prior to entry

If ventilation system fails leave the space immediately

Locate discharge end of

hose 2 feet from the bottom of the spaceSlide75

Ventilation Precautions (cont’d)

Use

explosion-proof

fans

If flammable atmospheres may be present, bond

ventilation equipment to confined space structures made of metalDo not locate air inlets close to outletsSlide76

VentilationSlide77

VentilationSlide78

Standby Persons

Regulation 9.34 – 9.36Slide79

Standby

Persons

Low Hazard Atmospheres

Entrants

Must:

have continuous means of summoning the standby personThe Standby Person Must:check on the well-being of entrants at least every 20 minuteshave means of summoning rescue personnelSlide80

Standby

Persons

Moderate Hazard Atmospheres

Entrants

must:

have continuous means of summoning the standby personSlide81

Standby

Persons

Moderate Hazard Atmosphere

The

Standby Person Must:

be stationed at or near entrance to spacevisually observe or otherwise check well-being

of the entrants at least every 20 minutes or more if required

have means of summoning rescue

personnelSlide82

Standby

Persons

High Hazard Atmospheres

Entrants

must:

have continuous means of summoning the standby personSlide83

Standby

Persons

High Hazard Atmosphere

The

Standby Person Must:

be stationed at the entrance to the spacecontinuously monitor the well-being of the entrantsbe equipped and capable of immediately commencing rescue of workers in the spaceSlide84

Rescue and

Emergency

Regulation 9.37 – 9.41Slide85

Rescue and Emergency

Emergency rescue procedures and rescue plans must

be

in place before entry

reviewed at a pre-job planning

discussionSlide86

Rescue and Emergency

Rescue equipment must be located on site and users must be trained in its use

.Slide87

Rescue and Emergency

Retrieval Systems include:

Tripod

Pulley

Retrieval lineSlide88

Rescue and Emergency

Rescue equipment

must be:

Maintained

Inspected

Records keptSlide89

Rescue and Emergency

Rescue equipment may include:

Respiratory equipment (SCBA or SAR)

First aid equipment

Communications equipment

Full body harnessesSlide90

Rescue and Emergency

Rescue equipment

- continued

Lifelines

Worker lift device / system

Fall protectionSKED or similar equipmentSlide91

Rescue and Emergency

Four Safe Rescue

Practices

Rescue from

outside

whenever possibleEnter to rescue only after help arrivesEnter only with

use

of a safety harness and lifeline

If a harmful atmosphere is possible, assume it is IDLH and enter only with

SCBA

or air supplied

respiratorSlide92

SummarySlide93

General Requirements

For

All Confined Space Entry

All workers involved must be trained and must know, understand and follow procedures

The Standby Person will remain by the opening whenever a worker is in the

spaceSlide94

General Requirements

(cont’d)

Wear

proper clothing

and

PPEKeep the entrance to the space clearDo not throw anything into the

space

Use explosion proof or intrinsic equipment when risk of flammable atmosphere exists

Do not take compressed gas cylinders into the spaceSlide95

General Requirements

(cont’d)

Inspect

compressed gas hoses prior

to use and

remove when not in useHave specific written procedures for hot work

Have an MSDS on site for hazardous materials that are usedSlide96

General Requirements

(cont’d)

Workers

will vacate the space whenever:

A worker notices an unusual odour, taste or sensation

The gas detector alarm soundsThe standby person tells entrants to leave the spaceThe mechanical ventilation stops workingEntrant loses communication with standby personSlide97

Questions