Standard 613 Lets Remember https wwwyoutubecomwatchvCJdT6QcSbQ0 Ancient River Valley Civilizations Geography where are they located natural boundaries Architecture what did they build that they are famous for ID: 541774
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Slide1
The Shaping of Early Civilizations
Standard 6-1.3 Slide2Slide3
Let’s Remember…
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJdT6QcSbQ0
Slide4
Ancient River Valley Civilizations
Geography- where are they located, natural boundaries
Architecture
- what did they build that they are ‘famous for’
Written Language-
communication
Social Order-
how were the people divided by class (jobs)
Government
- who was in control
Trading Systems-
why did they trade, where did they trade, what did they tradeSlide5Slide6
Geography- Google Earth
One major area of development of civilization was in an area called Mesopotamia. It was located in:
Asia
:
valley between the Tigris and
Euphrates Rivers (present day Iraq)
Mesopotamia means
“
the land between the rivers”.
Early civilizations formed around
rivers so they could FARM. (crops
n
eed water!)Slide7Slide8
The Impact of Geography
The most important features of this area
for the development of civilization
were the
Tigris and Euphrates
Rivers
.The
rivers caused the soil in this area to be rich and fertile
.
Each year the rivers would flood, bringing important nutrients to the soil. Slide9Slide10
The Impact of Geography
The people of Mesopotamia learned to control the flow of the rivers
.
They
created irrigation and drainage ditches
to make it easier to grow crops.
They were
able to grow a lot of food (surplus)= led to the development of cities.Slide11
Architecture
In the cities, the Sumerians
built temples and monuments called ziggurats
.
Temples for their gods
Built them tall to be close to the gods
Only priests were able to go inside
Streamline: Religious Beliefs of the Ancient Sumerians Slide12Slide13
Written Language
The Sumerians developed the first written language called
cuneiform
.
The cuneiform alphabet had about 500 characters, or wedge shaped forms.
A scribe
was a professional writer
.Slide14
Streamlines
Development of Writing in Mesopotamia (02:09)
The Role of Scribes in Ancient Sumerian Society
(02:05) Slide15Slide16
Government
Sumer was divided into city-states
.
Each city had its own ruler, laws, and customs
.
Ruled by a priest-king, or king who was the head of the government and the ziggurat
.
http://
www.ma-boutique.co/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/ancient-mesopotamian-city-vsdfvdfresve-amazing-decor-broch-crannog-and-hillfort.jpg
Slide17
Government
One of the greatest contributions of the Babylonians was the creation of a code-of-laws known as
Hammurabi's Code
. This is the oldest set of laws in the world.
Hammurabi =
one of Babylon's greatest
kings.Slide18
He did something that no one had ever done before. The Sumerians had created the first written language,
cuneiform. Using this written language, Hammurabi created the first written set of laws. In Hammurabi's court, it did not matter if you were rich or poor. If you broke the law, and were found guilty, you would be punished.
Since the laws were clearly written down,
everyone was expected to obey them. Slide19
Babylonians
Hammurabi’s Code of Law Slide20
Examples of Hammurabi’s Code
If a builder builds a house for some one, and does not construct it properly, and the house which he built falls and kills it’s owner, then that builder shall be put to
death.
Slide21
If a son strikes his father, they shall cut off his hand Slide22
If the woman has not been careful but has gadded about, neglecting her house and belittling her husband, they shall throw that woman into the water.Slide23
If a man put out the eye of another man, his eye shall be put out.
If he breaks another man's bone, his bone shall be broken.If he puts out the eye of a man's slave, or break the bone of a man's slave, he shall pay one-half of its value.Slide24
Until this law, what passed for “law” was simply custom or the wish of whoever was ruling at the time. The law could change from generation to generation – even minute to minute.
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=oDALXORbtR4
Slide25
Social Order
Society
was
split into social groups
,
or classes
The class systems were unequal
The classes
defined
who
had
power,
less desirable jobsSlide26Slide27
Streamline
Social Hierarchy Within Nippur Slide28
Trade in Mesopotamia
The land of
Mesopotamia did not have a lot of natural resources
, or at least they did not have the ones in demand during that time period. So,
to get the items they needed the Mesopotamians had to
trade.
In
the southern part of Mesopotamia,
docks were built
along the sides of the rivers
so that ships could
easily dock and
unload their trade goods
.
The
merchants
traded food, clothing, jewelry, wine and other goods between the
cities
.
http://
www.mesopotamia.co.uk/trade/explore/exp_set.html
What were the different ways that the Mesopotamians traded goods? Slide29
Trade System Slide30Slide31
Streamline
Development of Trade in Mesopotamia