The Principle of Design Chapter 3 - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

The Principle of Design

Chapter 3

Slide2

We have learned about the “elements” of art (the “atoms” or “building blocks”) now we need to learn about HOW we could use the “elements”. In other words, “things to consider” when putting the elements together! We call these

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Slide3

The first thing we will consider is

PLACEMENT

(or

composition)

Where we decide to place the shapes, lines, etc. in our art work is called the “placement” or “composition”.The arrival of the first element produces 2 shapes: the positive form (or space) and the negative form (or space). We sometime call this the “figure” and the “ground”.

What is the POSITIVE & NEGATIVE in this art work?

Slide4

When looking at any art work a good question to ask is: “Why did they put that there?”

By changing the “placement” or “composition” we can change the mood or message of the art work”

How would this art change if the lines were lined up horizontally or vertically?

Slide5

Slide6

The next principle is

BALANCE

Balance is a natural human desire. Artists often try to achieve this by balancing

VISUAL WEIGHT

(the more something draws the eye the more visual weight it has)

Slide7

Notice how this artist balanced the “visual weight”

Fur Traders Descending the Missouri by George Caleb Bingham

Slide8

A couple of things more about balance:

This is an example of

symmetrical balance

(if you fold in half the 2 sides basically match).

Slide9

This is an example of

radial balance

(elements revolve around a central point).

This is a mandalas

which Buddhist use for mediation.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IYVcjFhpsHc

Slide10

The next principle to consider is

EMPHASIS

If everything in an art work gets equal attention it becomes overwhelming and confusing so artists create “emphasis” to help the viewer see what they want them to see.

How do I create emphasis?

Slide11

So, how do artists create emphasis There are lots of ways, here are a few:

Focus & Detail

Slide12

LEADING LINES OR SHAPES

UNUSUAL COLOR, TEXTURE, SHAPE, ETC.

Slide13

How did this artist add EMPHASIS

Slide14

The next principle is

UNITY AND VARIETY

Art works need something to unify them but too much unity gets boring so we also need variety. How does artist Tara Donovan get both unity and variety in her art work?

Untitled, 2003

by Tara Donovan

Slide15

B.

Slide16

Here is some more art by Tara Donavan:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lSCSnKqBNHg

Slide17

Rhythm

is one way to create Unity. It is

created by repeating elements. What elements to you see repeated in this art work?

Two Calla Lilies on Pink by Georgia O’Keefe

Slide18

Here is a little bit more about Georgia O’Keeffe:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v71awD38Qy4

Slide19

The next Principle of Design is

PROPORTION AND SCALE

.

Proportion compares the parts of one thing to each other. Scale has to do with something and a “constant. How does Giacometti play with

proportion?

Walking Man by Alberto Giacometti

Slide20

This artist had some fun with scale!

Under the Table by Robert

Therrien

Slide21

Why do you think this artist changed the scale of the child’s head?

Echo of a Scream by David

Siquieros

Slide22

Lastly, artists must also consider what

PERSPECTIVE

(organizing space and depth) they will use.

How do artists create a sense of space or PERSPECTIVE???

Slide23

This artist used

atmospheric perspective

(things get lighter and bluer in the distance).

Slide24

This artist used overlapping to give the sense of depth.

Maple Leaves at the

Tekona

Shrine

by

Utagawa Hiroshige

Slide25

This artist used

linear perspective

or (

one-point perspective).

Notice how all the horizontal lines resend to one-point.

Slide26

This is the

horizon line

.

This is the

vanishing point

.

Slide27

Cubism

found a new way to organize space. In this art work,

Violin and Palette

by Georges Braque

, the artist ignores traditional methods of showing depth.

Slide28

This artist also played with perspective.

Waterfall

by

M.C.Escher