AP English Language and Composition: Glass - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

1

Integrating quotations

Tips on how to integrate textual support smoothly into your own writingSlide2

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

2

What works?

INEFFECTIVE

Rodriguez writes, “My parents, who are no longer my parents in a cultural sense.” He expresses the alienation from his family that has resulted from his assimilation into English-speaking American culture.

EFFECTIVE

Rodriguez describes his parents as “no longer [his] parents in a cultural sense” to express the alienation from his family that has resulted from his assimilation into English-speaking American culture.Slide3

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

3

What Works? 2

INEFFECTIVE

de Crevecoeur argues that poor Europeans have no real attachment to their homelands. “Can a wretch who wanders about, who works and starves, whose life is a continual scene of sore affliction or pinching penury; can that man call England or any other kingdom his country?”

EFFECTIVE

de Crevecoeur criticizes the lack of social mobility in Europe using a biting rhetorical question: “Can a wretch who wanders about, who works and starves, whose life is a continual scene of sore affliction or pinching penury; can that man call England or any other kingdom his country?”Slide4

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

4

Options for Integrating Quotations: #1 = Incorporate

Incorporate the quotation into your sentence, punctuating it as you would if it were not a quotation.

Mukherjee argues in favor of an acculturation model “that differs from both the enforced assimilation of a ‘melting pot’ and the Canadian model of a multicultural ‘mosaic’”(4).Slide5

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

5

Options for Integrating Quotations: #1 = Incorporate 2

If you must change an element within the quote to make it work grammatically, use brackets to indicate the change.

Rodriguez describes his parents as “no longer [his] parents in a cultural sense” to express the alienation from his family that has resulted from his assimilation into English-speaking American culture.Slide6

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

6

Options for Integrating Quotations: #2 = attribute

Introduce a full-sentence quotation by using an attributive speech tag like “he writes,” “she claims,” and so on

.

Jacob Needleman claims, “A dream is a vision or truth, of what can be and ought to be, and a dream is a deception.”

Elaine Pagels asks, “Whom do we include in the

‘

American Dream’?”Slide7

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

7

Options for Integrating Quotations: a cautionary note

Do NOT use an attributive speech tag like “he writes,” “she claims,” “she argues,” “he asserts,” etc. to introduce a quote that is NOT a complete sentence.

INCORRECT: Rodriguez writes, “My parents, who are no longer my parents in a cultural sense.”

ALSO INEFFECTIVE:

Rodriguez writes, “My parents, who are no longer my parents in a cultural sense” in order to express the loss of family intimacy.Slide8

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

8

Options for Integrating Quotations: cautionary note 2

What’s the problem with following a speech tag with a non-sentence quote?

Speech verbs like say, assert, exclaim, ask, etc. take a full-sentence complement. They “expect” a full sentence to follow them.Slide9

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

9

Options for Integrating Quotations: cautionary note 3

Notice how ungrammatical and unfinished the following “sentences” sound:

Mukherjee says.

The girl said, “The grumpy man, who lives next door.”Slide10

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

10

Options for Integrating Quotations: #3 = Use a sentence.

Use a full sentence of your own to introduce a full sentence by the quoted author.

You must use a colon to introduce the quotation in this case.

Jacob Needleman says it best

:

“A dream is a vision or truth, of what can be and ought to be, and a dream is a deception.”Slide11

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

11

Options for Integrating Quotations: Colon or comma?

Jacob Needleman says it best

:

“A dream is a vision or truth, of what can be and ought to be, and a dream is a deception.”

Underlined portion = a complete sentence; introduce quote with colon

Jacob Needleman says

,

“A dream is a vision or truth, of what can be and ought to be, and a dream is a deception.”

Underlined portion = a fragment; introduce quote with commaSlide12

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

12

Punctuation Rules: The Basics

Capitalize the first letter of any

complete sentence

you quote unless you introduce it with “that.”

In describing the New World, de Crevecoeur claimed, “

T

he rich and the poor are not so far removed from each other as they are in Europe” (1).

de Crevecoeur claimed that the “rich and the poor are not so far removed from each other as they are in Europe” (1).

de Crevecoeur claimed that “[t]he rich and the poor are not so far removed from each other as they are in Europe” (1).Slide13

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

13

Punctuation Rules: The Basics, 2

If the quotation is broken into two parts, do not capitalize the first letter of the second part.

“Our team is bound to win," said Coach Glass, "because UHS students are excellent Ultimate Frisbee players." Slide14

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

14

Punctuation Rules: Commas and Periods

Commas and periods go

within

closing quotation marks, EXCEPT when a parenthetical reference follows the quotation.

Jacob Needleman said, “A dream is a vision or truth, of what can be and ought to be, and a dream is a deception

.”

In her essay, Dr. Linguist notes, "The gestures used for greeting others differ greatly from one culture to another

” (3).Slide15

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

15

Punctuation Rules: Colons and Semi-Colons

When colons and semi-colons are

not

part of the quotation, put them outside of the closing quotation marks.

At the English Department meeting, Ms. Balzer voiced her opinion on the rules for integrating quotations: “They’re not intuitive, but they are very important

";

several other teachers agreed.

Slide16

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

16

Punctuation Rules: Question Marks, Exclamation Points, and Dashes

If a question mark, exclamation point, or dash is part of the original quotation, place it

within

the closing quotation mark.

Elaine Pagels asks, “Whom do we include in the ‘American Dream’

?” (5).Slide17

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

17

Punctuation Rules: Question Marks, Exclamation Points, and Dashes

If a question mark, exclamation point, or dash is part of

your

sentence that includes the quotation, place it

outside

of the closing quotation mark.  

Do other columnists agree with David Brooks’ claim that “maximum status goes to the Gladwellian heroes who occupy the convergence points of the Internet ecosystem

” (2)?Slide18

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

18

Block Quotes: 4+ Lines

Use block quotes sparingly, if at all.

The more your quote, the more you must explain!

If you really must use a block quote, remember these guidelines…Slide19

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

19

Block Quotes: Usage Rules

Begin quote as a new line of text.

Indent 1” from left margin.

No quotation marks

Parenthetical citation goes

outside

final punctuation within quote.Slide20

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

20

Block Quotes: Example

In his poem “The Problem," Ralph Waldo Emerson explores the inner philosophical struggle of a religious yet unorthodox man:

I like a church;I like a cowl;

I love a prophet of the soul;

And on my heart monastic aisles

Fall like sweet strains, or pensive smiles:

Yet not for all his faith can see

Would I that cowlëd churchman be. (1-7)Slide21

AP English Language and Composition: Glass

21

Integrating quotations: fin!

Time to practice…