By Sky P Noah S Brittany VA Vanessa Z Questions What was the longstanding impact of Nixons economic policies What was Nixons general attitude towards Communistallied countries during the Cold War ID: 508770
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Slide1
Ford/Nixon
By: Sky P., Noah S., Brittany V.A., Vanessa Z.Slide2
Questions:
What was the long-standing impact of Nixon’s economic policies?
What was Nixon’s general attitude towards Communist-allied countries during the Cold War?
How did Ping-Pong Diplomacy make history?
What were the reasons for supporting Pinochet’s regime?Slide3
The Domestic Policies
Nixon- (1969-1974)
Ford- (1974-1976)Slide4
1968 Election
Nixon used the lessons learned from running against Kennedy in 1960. He appeared on numerous light night shows, using a “calm, statesmanlike grace” in answering questions.
Nixon also seized upon his opponent’s weaknesses, making a powerful move against rival Hubert Humphrey, denouncing his continuation of Johnson’s Vietnam policies.Slide5
1968 ElectionSlide6
Nixonomics
Nixon moved away from a “tight-money” policy, due to its contribution to the rapid inflation of the economy. For example, Nixon created the Tripartite Committee to oversee the policies of the construction industry.
Nixon also significantly impacted the gold standard, by stating in a 1971 address that gold stocks would no longer be transferrable to U.S. dollars. This created an 8 percent devaluation of the dollar, stimulating the American domestic market and economy.Slide7
NixonomicsSlide8
Social Reforms
Nixon introduced SSI (Supplemental Security Income), which provided a guaranteed income for elderly and disabled citizens of the U.S.
Nixon promoted HMOs (or health maintenance organizations) and introduced the concept of a negative income tax.
The concept goes like this; when someone earns a below normal amount of money, instead of having to pay taxes to the government, the government gives supplemental pay to the recipient.Slide9
Social ReformsSlide10
Environmental Policies
One of Nixon’s biggest changes in environmental legislation came with the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency, better known as the EPA.
Nixon established the Council on Environmental Quality, to oversee the efforts of the EPA and the nation’s overall environmental progress.
Nixon also introduced the Endangered Species Act and the Water Quality Improvement Act of 1970.Slide11
Shared Authority Over the Military
Shortly after the impulsive decision to deploy military forces to fight in the Vietnam War, people were concerned that the President had too much authority over the military. They believed that the government needed to develop regulations that allowed the Congress to share their judgment in determining whether or not the United States has reason to get involved in dangerous affairs.
The 1973 War Powers Resolution, which was passed by Congress even after Nixon’s opposition to the act, stated the requirement of approval from Congress and the President to send U.S. troops into hostile situations unless the following occurs:
There is a declaration of war,
Congress agrees with the President’s decision to send troops, or
An attack/invasion was made on the United States.Slide12
Impact of the War Powers Resolution
The Resolution inspired controversy after its implementation because some people believed that power was stripped from the executive branch.
The act focused on setting guidelines for sending troops into battle.
Reports were needed on file to keep record of approval, and the time and reasoning for deployment. Time limits of approximately 60 days were allowed for each deployment until Congress approves. If Congress does not, the troops are withdrawn. If Congress does approve, an extension is permitted.
Ford utilized the time limit portion of the War Powers Resolution in 1975 when he sent U.S. troops to seize back their merchant ship, the Mayaguez, which the Cambodian military had stolen from them. A report was filed and Congress approved the mission. Slide13
Giving the Natives a Voice
Nixon encouraged the Congress to acknowledge the importance of Native Americans in the United States.
Through the passing of the Indian Self Determination and Education Assistance Acts in 1975 during Ford’s presidency, Indians were able to create their own schools, take charge of the way they structure education, and participate in the development of new social programs and services.Slide14
The Cold War Policies- Nixon (1969-1974)Slide15
Chile and Pinochet Coup
Nixon made the decision to order
the CIA to prevent Allende from
coming to power. Nixon orders to undermine Chilean democracy.
Pinochet took over for Allende. Slide16
Argentine Military Regime
Key member of Operation Condor
U.S provided technical and military support
Operation Condor allowed the Latin American militaries to put into practice a key strategic concept of the national security doctrine: hemispheric defense defined by ideological frontiersSlide17
Ping-Pong Diplomacy
On April 6, 1971, the American Ping-Pong team, in Japan for the 31st World Table Tennis Championship, received an invitation from their Chinese colleagues for an all-expense paid visit to the People's Republic
On April 10, nine players, four officials, and two spouses stepped across a bridge from Hong Kong to the Chinese mainland, ushering in an era of Ping-Pong diplomacySlide18
Ping-Pong Diplomacy
Ten journalists, including five Americans, were also invited to cover the team’s visit, ending the information blockade from the People's Republic in place since 1949
On April 14, the U.S. announced plans to remove a 20-year embargo on trade with China
It was not until July 15, after Kissinger's secret mission to Beijing, that Nixon announced that he, too, would make the journey the following year, as the first American president to visit China.Slide19
Questions:
What was the long-standing impact of Nixon’s economic policies?
What was Nixon’s general attitude towards Communist-allied countries during the Cold War?
How did Ping-Pong Diplomacy make history?
What were the reasons behind supporting Pinochet’s regime?Slide20
Citations
The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. "Richard Nixon."
Encyclopedia Britannica Online
. Encyclopedia Britannica. Web. 15 Mar. 2016.
https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/short-history/nixon-foreignpolicy
Silk, Leonard Solomon.
Nixonomics
. New York: Praeger, 1973. Print.
"Miller Center."
Richard Nixon: Domestic Affairs-
. Web. 15 Mar. 2016.
Dean, John W.
The Nixon Defense: What He Knew and When He Knew It
. Print.
Grech, Daniel A. "The Dirty War in Argentina." The Dirty War in Argentina. December 4, 2003.
Accessed March 10, 2016. http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB104/.
"The US Role in the Rise of Pinochet’s Dictatorship in Chile." Avinashtharoor. 2012. Accessed March 10, 2016. http://avinashtharoor.com/2012/11/28/the-united-states-role-in-the-rise-of-pinochets-dictatorship-in-chile/.
Kornbluh, Peter "The Pinochet File." The Pinochet File. February 3, 2004. Accessed March 10, 2016.
http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB110/
.
"Chile and the United States: Declassified Documents Relating to the Military Coup, September 11, 1973." Chile and the United States: Declassified Documents Relating to the Military Coup, September 11, 1973. Accessed March 10, 2016. http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB8/nsaebb8i.htm.