COLLABORATIVE LEARNING 2nd Semester. Course- III (1.2.3) Learning and Teaching(1 - PowerPoint Presentation

1. COLLABORATIVE LEARNING2nd Semester. Course- III (1.2.3) Learning and Teaching(1st Half) Unit-II Ratna Biswas Assistant Professor Vidyasagar Teachers' Training College

2. COLLABORATIVE LEARNINGMeaning :collaborative learning a situation in which two or more people learn or attempt to learn something together. More specifically, collaborative learning is based on the model that knowledge can be created within a population where members actively interact by sharing their various experiences. Collaborative learning refers to methodologies and environments in which learners engage in a common task where each individual depends on and is accountable to each other.

3. TYPES OF COLLABORATIONCollaboration is possible in two ways. Therefore we can say that collaboration is—Direct Collaboration: Direct collaboration means all theresources, all group members, their planning, teaching etc, arefully utilized collaboratively. To achieve the desired goals everyone put effort directly. A few examples of this type ofcollaboration are : co-operative learning, team learning, etc.Indirect collaboration :Indirect collaboration means when the other organization work together but indirect way. They make available outside support, guidance etc.

4. Types of Collaborative tasksModel Conversations Pair discussionsRole-plays Group debate Simulations Making video programs Poster talks Speeches (Various types)Story telling DramatizationsAction research Internet-based Collaboration Presentations

5. WHAT RESULTS ARE EXPECTED FROM COLLABORATIVE LEARNING Academic Achievement Increased Self-esteemIncreased Critical thinking skills Increased problem solving skills Increased Group process skills Increased Mutual Support and motivation Peer Accountability Laboratory for real life knowledge workReflective insight into the learning process.

6. Steps of Collaborative Learning1. Plan: Obviously you want to have goals and objectives for the academic task at hand, but there is another element of planning that needs to happen with collaborative learning.2. Introduce: Clearly communicating your goals and objectives to your students is mandatory. You will need to explain criteria for the academic task as well as behavioral expectations for working with peers.3. Monitor: Once students have begun to work in their groups, it is your job to monitor and observe. You should be available to answer questions and provide clarification as needed but you should also be spending some amount of time in each group, listening and monitoring. Observe how the students are workingtogether and ask question to stimulate thinking if necessary.

7. cont4. Assess: Using a mixture of self assessment, group assessment and your own judgment usually works well to determine a final grade.5. Process: Allow time for your students to reflect upon their collaborative learning experience and give feedback on theacademic assignment and the group structure.

8. Advantages of Collaborative Learning1. Develops higher level thinking skills.2. Promotes students-faculty interaction and familiarity.3. Increases student retention.4. Builds self-esteem in students.5. Enhances student satisfaction with the learning experience.6. Promotes a positive attitude toward the subject matter.7. Develops oral communication skills.8. Develops social interaction skills.9. Collaborative learning creates an environment of actively, involved,exploratory learning.10. In collaborative learning uses a team approach to problem solving.

9. Cont11. In collaborative learning students understand student diversity.12. It encourages student responsibility for learning.13. It enhances self management skills.14. Collaborative learning establish an atmosphere of cooperationand helping school wide.15. Promotes positive race relations.16. Creates a stronger social support system.17. Classroom anxiety and test anxiety is significantly reduced.18. Fosters and develops interpersonal relationships.19. Fostering cooperation among students through interactive activities rather than competition in learning.

10. DISADVANTAGES OF COLLABORATIVE LEARNING1. In Collaborative learning sometime it is shown that in a groupsof mixed ability, low-achieving students become passive and donot focus on the task.2. Some student need to go at different speeds while working in a same group. Sometimes the members in a group may workfaster and other members slow speed make him bore.3. In Collaborative learning quiet people may not feel comfortable .Some students are shy or reserved and feel awkward whenworking with others.4. In collaborative learning, members of the group don’t alwayscooperate well.

11. Cont5. When you put students into groups many of the hard workingstudents do all of the work and the lazy students do nothing andstill receive the same grade.6. All the group members may not participate equally.7. Some time in collaborative learning group members are sepenttime talking about irrelevant topics.8. It is difficult for the teacher to be sure that the groups arediscussing the academic content rather than something else.

12. What are some ways to include best practices for collaborative learning in our classroom?Keep groups mid sized: Establish flexible group norms: Build trust and promote open communication: Build trust and promote open communication:5. For larger tasks, create group roles: 6. Create a pre-test and post test 7. Consider the learning process itself as part of assessment:8. Consider using different strategies:9. Allow groups to reduce anxiety:

13. Cont.5. For larger tasks, create group roles: 6. Create a pre-test and post test7. Consider the learning process itself as part of assessment:8. Consider using different strategies.9. Allow groups to reduce anxiety.

14. Cont10. Establish group interaction–Initiating discussionsClarifying points Summarizing Challenging assumptions Researching information Reaching a consensus Sensing group feelings Harmonizing Compromising and encouraging Time-keeping Relieving tension Bringing people into discussion

15. Cont11. Use a real life problem.12. Focus on enhancing problem solving and critical thinking skills.13. Keep in mind the diversity of groups.14. Groups with an equal number of boys and girls are best.15. Technology makes collaborative learning easier.

16. References:Gerlach, J. M. (1994). "Is this collaboration?" In Bosworth, K. and Hamilton, S. J. (Eds.), Collaborative Learning: Underlying Processes and Effective Techniques, New Directions for Teaching and Learning No. 59.Smith, B. L., and MacGregor, J. T. (1992). "What is collaborative learning?" In Goodsell, A. S., Maher, M. R., and Tinto, V. (Eds.), Collaborative Learning: A Sourcebook for Higher Education. National Center on Postsecondary Teaching, Learning, & Assessment, Syracuse University. Rogoff, B., Toma, C. (2009). "Shared thinking: Community and institutional variations. Discourse Processes". DOI: 10.1080/01638539209545000.^ Jump up to:a b c Urrieta Jr., L. (2013). Familia and comunidad-based saberes: Learning in an indigenous heritage community. Antrhopology & Education Quarterly, 44(3), 320-335. doi:10.1111/aeq.12028^ Jump up to:a b Urrieta Jr, L. (2013). "Familia and comunidad-based saberes: Learning in an indigenous heritage community". Anthropology & Education Quarterly. 44 (3): 320–335. doi:10.1111/aeq.12028.^ Jump up to:a b Chavajay, P (2008). "Organizational patterns in problem solving among Mayan fathers and children". Developmental Psychology. 44 (3): 882–888. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.44.3.882. PMID 18473652.

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