22PHYSICAL PROPERTY A physical property is any characteristic of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substances in the material Viscosity conductivity malleability hardness melting point boiling point and density are examples of physical ID: 253060
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Slide1
Physical PropertiesSlide2
(2.2)PHYSICAL PROPERTY
A physical property is any characteristic of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substances in the material.
Viscosity, conductivity, malleability, hardness, melting point, boiling point, and density are examples of physical properties.Slide3
Viscosity
The tendency of a liquid to keep from flowing—its resistance to flowing— is called its
viscosity.
The greater the viscosity, the slower the liquid
moves.
Thick liquids, such as corn syrup and the honey have a high viscosity.
Thin liquids, such as vinegar, have a low viscosity.
The viscosity of a liquid usually decreases when it is heatedSlide4
Conductivity
A material’s ability to allow heat to flow is called
conductivity.
Materials that have a high conductivity, such as metals, are called conductors.
Materials that have a low conductivity are called insulators
If a material is a good conductor of heat, it is usually also a good conductor of electricitySlide5
Malleability
Malleability is the ability
of a solid to be hammered without shattering.
Most metals are malleable.
Solids that shatter when struck are brittle.
Most insulators are brittle as wellSlide6
Hardness
We have already covered this way back October
Just remember that a substance can only scratch something that it is either equal to or less than in hardness.
Something with a value of seven can scratch minerals with a value of seven or below. Slide7
Melting/Boiling Point
and Density
Melting Point-This is the temp in which a substance goes from solid to liquid
Boiling Point is liquid to gas
Density can be used to test the purity of a substance.
Recall that density is the ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume. Slide8
Using Physical Properties
Physical properties are used to identify material, to choose a material for a specific purpose, or to separate the substances in a mixture.
Some properties can be used to separate mixtures.
Filtration and distillation are two common separation methods.Slide9
Filtration is a process that separates materials based on the size
of their particles.
When people make fresh coffee they use a filter to separate the coffee beans from the coffee.
Distillation is a process that separates
the substances in a solution based on their boiling points.
We distill salt water to make fresh water.Slide10
Physical Change
A
physical change occurs when some of
the properties of a material change, but the substances in the material remain the same.
Two examples of physical changes are crumpling a piece of paper and slicing a tomato.
Crumpling and slicing are actions that change the size and shape of a material, but not its composition.Slide11
Some physical changes can be reversed.
You can freeze water, melt the ice that forms, and then freeze the water again
Some physical changes cannot be reversed. You would not be able to replace the peel on
a peeled
orangeSlide12