Nutrition 7 th Grade Health - PowerPoint Presentation

Nutrition 7 th Grade Health

Nutrition and Your Life

Do Now! Today you were so busy that you did not have time to each lunch Before your soccer practice you buy a candy bar. Halfway through practice you feel tired and drained Why??

You are what you eat! How you feel and how much energy you have to be active have a lot to do with what you eat. You would feel tired during practice because you didn’t have enough to eat.

Nutrition and Your Health Your body is like a car. Without fuel, a car cannot work. If you put the wrong kind of fuel in a car, that will cause problems to the engine. Your body works in a similar way. The kinds of foods you eat affect your overall health! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1CZB8UvrwU

Nutrition and Your Health Your body needs physical activity for bone and muscle growth and for fighting germs that cause sickness. You get this energy from the substances in the food that you eat.

Nutrition and Your Health Nutrition – the study of how our bodies use the food we eat to maintain our health. Good nutrition means eating the right amount of healthful foods and not skipping meals. One reason in our example you may not feel well at soccer practice is that you skipped a meal and ate an unhealthy snack.

Nutrients and Food Nutrients – the substances in food that your body needs to function properly Your body uses some nutrients to keep your body healthy and your body also uses some for energy. Your body can make some nutrients if it needs, but most of the nutrients come from the food that you eat.

Nutrients and Food For example, your body needs certain nutrients to grow strong bones. You get these nutrients for strong bones from foods such as milk or cheese. Because nutrients are so important to your health, you must eat healthful foods that are rich in nutrients.

Using Food for Energy *Digestion – the process of breaking down food into a form your body can use. The first step in digestion is to chew your food. The food is chopped into smaller pieces as you chew it. Once you swallow your food, it passes into your stomach. In your stomach, the food is broken down even further by strong acids and other chemicals.

Using Food for Energy The broken down food is a thick fluid that passes into your small intestine. By this time, the food you have eaten has been broken down into nutrients. The nutrients are absorbed into the blood through blood vessels in the small intestine. The blood then carries the nutrients to your cells and tissues where some of the nutrients are used for energy.

Digestive System

Digestive System https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Og5xAdC8EUI

What Is a Diet? What do you think when you hear the word diet? Perhaps you may think that diet means “eating less to lose weight” Diet – a pattern of eating that includes what a person eats, how much a person eats, and how often a person eats. A person’s diet is important because it describes how he or she eats every day.

Influences on Your Food Choices You may not have thought about many things that affect your food choices. Personal taste Foods that are convenient for you Foods common in your culture Foods your friends eat Your family or religious traditions The cost of food Availability of certain foods in your area

Food and Feelings You may not realize that your feelings also affect your food choices Many times people eat when they are not hungry. They may eat because their feelings or their surroundings make them want to eat, even if their body does not need the nutrients.

Food and Feelings Some people eat when they feel nervous or upset. Others don’t feel like eating when they are nervous or upset. Some people feel as if they can’t eat when they are very excited or happy. Then again, other people celebrate being happy by eating. Think of a time when your feelings determined what or how you ate. When you eat because of your feelings instead of because of hunger, you may develop unhealthy eating habits.

The Nutrients You Need

Do Now You bought a bean burrito for lunch, but your friend buys a hamburger. You both have very different lunches but are receiving similar nutrients. How is this so? Many foods contain more than one nutrient, different foods contain the same nutrients.

How Your Body Uses Nutrients Your body uses some nutrients for energy. The energy is used for your body’s growth, maintenance, and repair Your body can make some nutrients Most nutrients must come from food that you eat These nutrients are called the essential nutrients https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AA0QMn9VfoE

*Six Essential Nutrients Carbohydrates –provide body with energy Fats – give your body energy and support cell growth. They also help protect your organs and help keep your body warm. Proteins – function as building blocks for bones, muscles, cartilage, skin, and blood. They provide the body with calories. *Vitamins – help your body use and regulate the energy from other nutrients. Does not provide energy. Minerals - help your body use and regulate the energy from other nutrients. Does not provide energy. Water- helps transport nutrients, lubricates your joints, and regulates your body temperature https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CiOBhgxdhYo

*Calories – the amount of energy your body gets from food; a measureable unit Metabolism – the process of converting the energy in food into energy your body can use You must have all nutrients to stay healthy You’ll need a variety of foods that provide you with the nutrients your body needs

Carbohydrates Carbohydrate – a chemical composed of one or more simple sugars. One gram of carbohydrate has 4 Calories Two types of carbohydrates: Simple carbohydrates – sugars such as table sugar, honey, and the sugar found in fresh fruit. Easy to digest and give your body quick energy Complex carbohydrates – made of many sugar molecules linked together. Includes breads, pastas, rice, and potatoes Fiber is a complex carbohydrate that is a healthy part of a balanced diet. Foods high in fiber include brown rice, oatmeal, and whole wheat bread. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wxzc_2c6GMg

Fats Fats – energy-storage nutrients that help the body store some vitamins. Fats are very important, but are needed in small amounts Diets that have too much fat have been linked to weight gain and heart disease. Sources of fats include: butter, vegetable oil, margarine, and other dairy products. One gram of fat has 9 Calories https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QhUrc4BnPgg

Proteins Proteins – nutrients that build and repair tissues and cells Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, and cheese are animal sources of protein. *Beans, nuts, and tofu are vegetable sources of protein. One gram of protein has 4 Calories. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rB_o3pNM4fw

Vitamins Vitamins – organic compounds that control several body functions Your body needs only a small amount of vitamins each day to stay healthy Many vitamins are found in fresh vegetables, fruits, nuts, and dairy products Without vitamins, your body will not function properly Lack of Vitamin C can cause scurvy, Lack of Vitamin A may cause night blindness Taking vitamin pills is one way to get all of your vitamins. Best way to get vitamins is by eating a variety of fruits and vegetables https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ISZLTJH5lYg

Minerals Minerals – elements that are essential for good health Calcium and phosphorus keep your bones and muscles strong Iron is necessary to deliver oxygen to your cells Sodium and potassium help regulate your blood pressure If your body lacks zinc you may develop coarse, brittle hair A lack of iodine can affect your growth and may cause your thyroid gland to swell Your body only needs minerals in small amounts https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i3GfrZR2DUE

Vitamins and Minerals Name What It Does For Your Body Where You Get It Vitamin A Necessary for healthy hair and skin Carrots, sweet potatoes, and squash Vitamin C Helps your body fight germs that cause illness Orange juice, broccoli, and papaya Vitamin B-12 Aids in concentration, memory, and balance Fish, milk and milk products, eggs, meat, and poultry Calcium Necessary for healthy, strong bones and teeth Milk, cheese, yogurt, and sardines Iron Necessary for healthy blood; prevents tiredness Tofu, spinach, black-eyed peas, and red meat

Water Your body can only survive a few days without water. Your body is almost 70% water Water carries nutrients and waste products throughout your body Water helps your body keep a constant temperature Water is used to fill the spaces between your cells Helps your joints move smoothly

Water If you do not get enough water every day, your body will not function properly. If you don’t drink enough water your body may even dry out Dehydration – drying out of the body Dehydration can lead to fainting or in very extreme cases, death You should drink 8-10 glasses of water a day. Even more if you exercise or play sports. Water is also found in milk, fruits, vegetables, soups, stews, salads, and juices. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9iMGFqMmUFs

Making Healthy Choices

Do Now When you get home from school you usually eat snacks like chips or cookies. You then eat dinner, do your homework, and watch TV. Is this a heathy or unhealthy habit? Why or why not?

The Dietary Guidelines Dietary Guidelines for Americans – a set of suggestions that will help you develop healthy eating habits. The guidelines were created by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services The guidelines ask Americans to remember the ABC’s for Health: A im for fitness B uild a healthy base C hoose sensibly

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans Aim for fitness Aim to stay at a healthy weight by being physical active every day Build a healthy base Choose healthy foods by using the MyPlate guidelines. Eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables. *Keep foods safe to eat by cooking your food fully. Store foods properly by keeping cold foods cold and by refrigerating hot foods soon after you are finished with them. Make sure to wash your hands as well before and after handling food. Choose sensibly Choose foods that are low in salt, sugar, and fat https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IR0PaeUNp4M

MyPlate MyPlate is a reminder to find your healthy eating style and build it throughout your lifetime. Everything you eat and drink matters. The right mix can help you be healthier now and in the future. This means: Focus on variety, amount, and nutrition. Choose foods and beverages with less saturated fat, sodium, and added sugars. Start with small changes to build healthier eating styles. Support healthy eating for everyone.

MyPlate Eating healthy is a journey shaped by many factors, including our stage of life, situations, preferences, access to food, culture, traditions, and the personal decisions we make over time All your food and beverage choices count. MyPlate offers ideas and tips to help you create a healthier eating style that meets your individual needs and improves your health. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iZAlGGUMGa4

*MyPlate

How to Minimize the Risk of Food Borne Illness Clean your food Separate the different kinds of food Cook your food for the right amount of time and to the correct temperature Chill any food in a freezer/fridge

The Nutrition Facts Label Nutrition Facts Label – a label found on the outside packages of food that states how many servings are in the container, how many calories are in each serving, and the amount of nutrients in each serving. You can use this to help make your food choices * An expiration date is the last date a product should be used by. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Orj7p3KQcyQ

*Parts of the Nutrition Facts Label Serving Size Number of servings per Container Calories per serving Percentage of daily value of nutrients per serving

What Is a Serving Size? Serving Size – is a standard amount of food that allows different foods to be compared with one another The Nutrition Facts Label shows you how much food is in one serving in a package of food Be careful to not confuse serving size with a portion of food. Portion – the amount of food that a person wants to eat What you need and what you want can be very different things https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xs5tg9k21nw

*Serving Size vs Portion One serving of meat is about 3 ounces (about the size of a deck of cards) You may want more than 3 ounces. You may choose a large hamburger made with 6 ounces of meat. The amount of meat in the hamburger is your portion. But, your portion counts as two servings https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VmINhpg5CY