BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a
Description: BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment Learning Outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks This learning outcome: shows the difference between hazards and risks looks at the main health and safety regulations
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slide2. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment Learning Outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks This learning outcome:
shows the difference between hazards and risks
looks at the main health and safety regulations
describes a risk assessment and method statement
tells us how to report accidents
describes a ‘near miss’
warns of the consequences of not meeting health
and safety requirements © Pearson Education Ltd 2015. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only.<br>
slide3. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment Learning Outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.6 Typical hazards and risks (1) Construction sites are dangerous places – full of hazards and risks
What is a hazard?
What is a risk? Something that can cause an accident. The chance of an accident happening.<br>
slide4. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment Learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.6 Typical hazards and risks (2) Construction sites are dangerous places – full of hazards and risks
Typical construction site hazards and risks:
resources -
burns
breathing problems
equipment -
eye injuries
broken bones chemicals and substances, such as paint and cement tools and machinery<br>
slide5. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment Learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.6 Typical hazards and risks (3) Construction sites are dangerous places – full of hazards and risks
Obstructions –
tripping and falling
Storage –
spillages
fire
Services –
electric shock
explosions
dirty water objects left in the way correct storage of materials<br>
slide6. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.6 Typical hazards and risks (4) Construction sites are dangerous places – full of hazards and risks
Wastes –
toxic substances
vermin
fire
Work activities –
dust, which can cause breathings problems
debris, which can cause eye injuries
falling from height
objects falling from a height rubbish from construction work hazards caused by our normal work<br>
slide7. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.3 Common causes of fatalities and injuries Accidents can cause:
Injury -
cuts | bruises | broken bones | sprains
Death -
electric shock | falls | traffic and machinery accidents
How many of the hazards in the previous slides can be fatal? damage to your body, such as: someone who has been injured so badly they die<br>
slide8. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.1 and 1.2 The regulations (1) Statutory health and safety regulations are meant to prevent dangerous working practices
‘Statutory’ means that a set of regulations are – mandatory legal documents and we must do what they say<br>
slide9. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.1 and 1.2 The regulations (2) The main health and safety regulations are:
The Health and Safety at Work Act, 1974
The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations, 1999
Construction and Design Management Regulations, 2015<br>
slide10. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment Learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.1 and 1.2 The regulations (3) The Health and Safety at Work Act
An ‘enabling act’ – like an umbrella that protects everyone in the workplace, including visitors
What it says:
employers must make the workplace safe
employees must:
wear PPE
follow regulations and company policies
report any health and safety problems<br>
slide11. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.2 The regulations (4) The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations
Employers must:
assess the risks to
their employees
anyone else other people affected by their work
appoint people to help them keep the workplace safe and healthy
train employees to be able to work safely<br>
slide12. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in the Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.2 The regulations (5) The Construction and Design Management (CDM) Regulations
The customer must choose a main designer and main contractor
Main designer and contractor must have :
expertise
resources
The safety of everyone on that job must be planned before the work starts
control the risks
provide information about the risks
The Health and safety executive (HSE)
must be told about all large construction
projects<br>
slide13. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in the Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.2 The regulations (2) Other health and safety regulations include:
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Regulations
Working at Height Regulations
Confined Spaces Regulations
Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations
Manual Handling Operations Regulations
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH)<br>
slide14. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.1 The risk assessment (1) Risk is
Before carrying out work, think about the job, look the work area, and ask:
What are the hazards?
What are the risks?
Who will they affect?
How serious are they?
What can be done to reduce the risk?
Answer these questions in a risk assessment the chance of being injured by a hazard<br>
slide15. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.1 The risk assessment (2) Each job carries hazard
list the jobs needed to complete a project
list the hazards
example of a hazardous job: using a ladder as a platform to fit a light
What are the risks?
ladder falling
falling from ladder
dropping tools and materials onto people below
Who will they affect?
you and anyone working below
How serious are they?
falls can result in serious injury or even death
being hit by falling object can also be fatal<br>
slide16. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.1 The risk assessment (3) What can be done to reduce the risk (control measures)?
Using our ladder example…
Is there another way to carry out the job?
Use a scaffold tower, scissor lift or mobile elevating work platform (MEWP)
What safety equipment could be used?
Guard rails on scaffolding
Place barriers around the foot of ladder or scaffolding tower
If you can only use a ladder to work at height, tie-off ladder at the top
What PPE should be worn?
Hard hat
Climbing belt
Anything else?
Train staff to use access equipment correctly<br>
slide17. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.1 Method statements The method statement is another way of assessing and reducing risk and describing how a job will be carried out
A method statement is a set of instructions for the job
A method statement will include:
a description of the work
precautions to make sure the work is carried out safely
address and contact details
A method statement may include:
a plan for completing difficult works<br>
slide18. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.7–1.9 Reporting accidents (1) Sometimes, despite all our precautions, an accident will happen
The Reporting of Incidents, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations, 2013 (RIDDOR) tells us what to do following an accident:
all organisations must have an Accident Book
accidents must be reported
accidents must be reported by
This can be:
The manager or supervisor
The person who is in control of the work place
A self-employed person
accident reports must be sent to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) the person responsible for the work.<br>
slide19. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.7–1.9 Reporting accidents (1) Sometimes, despite all our precautions, an accident will happen
The Reporting of Incidents, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR) tells us what to do following an accident:
Accident reports must state:
the date when the report is made
how the accident was reported
the date, time and place of the incident
personal details of those involved<br>
slide20. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.7–1.9 Reporting accidents (2) What is a ‘near miss’?
A near miss is an accident that could have caused injury but, fortunately, did not.
An example of a near miss:
A scaffold collapses while the construction workers are on their lunch break, which meant that no one was using the scaffold at the time.
If someone had been on the scaffold, they could have been seriously injured or even killed.
A near miss must be reported in the same way as an accident.<br>
slide21. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.4 And if we don’t take action to prevent accidents? Injury
disability
loss of wages
Lost time
someone has to be trained to do the injured person’s work
reduced wages
Damaged reputation
company may lose work if customers think they are unsafe
company may have difficulty recruiting new employees
Low morale
workers might feel that they are in danger
workers stop being loyal to the company<br>
slide22. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.4 And if we don’t take action to prevent accidents? Legal implications:
Improvement notice
for a specific breach of health and safety regulations
served by the HSE Inspector
allows organisation 21 days to put right any hazards
Prohibition notice
HSE believe a certain work activity or work area is dangerous
all operations in that area will be shut down until improvements are made
Prosecution
fine
imprisonment
police always investigate a fatal accident<br>
shows the difference between hazards and risks
looks at the main health and safety regulations
describes a risk assessment and method statement
tells us how to report accidents
describes a ‘near miss’
warns of the consequences of not meeting health
and safety requirements © Pearson Education Ltd 2015. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only.<br>
slide3. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment Learning Outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.6 Typical hazards and risks (1) Construction sites are dangerous places – full of hazards and risks
What is a hazard?
What is a risk? Something that can cause an accident. The chance of an accident happening.<br>
slide4. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment Learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.6 Typical hazards and risks (2) Construction sites are dangerous places – full of hazards and risks
Typical construction site hazards and risks:
resources -
burns
breathing problems
equipment -
eye injuries
broken bones chemicals and substances, such as paint and cement tools and machinery<br>
slide5. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment Learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.6 Typical hazards and risks (3) Construction sites are dangerous places – full of hazards and risks
Obstructions –
tripping and falling
Storage –
spillages
fire
Services –
electric shock
explosions
dirty water objects left in the way correct storage of materials<br>
slide6. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.6 Typical hazards and risks (4) Construction sites are dangerous places – full of hazards and risks
Wastes –
toxic substances
vermin
fire
Work activities –
dust, which can cause breathings problems
debris, which can cause eye injuries
falling from height
objects falling from a height rubbish from construction work hazards caused by our normal work<br>
slide7. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.3 Common causes of fatalities and injuries Accidents can cause:
Injury -
cuts | bruises | broken bones | sprains
Death -
electric shock | falls | traffic and machinery accidents
How many of the hazards in the previous slides can be fatal? damage to your body, such as: someone who has been injured so badly they die<br>
slide8. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.1 and 1.2 The regulations (1) Statutory health and safety regulations are meant to prevent dangerous working practices
‘Statutory’ means that a set of regulations are – mandatory legal documents and we must do what they say<br>
slide9. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.1 and 1.2 The regulations (2) The main health and safety regulations are:
The Health and Safety at Work Act, 1974
The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations, 1999
Construction and Design Management Regulations, 2015<br>
slide10. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment Learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.1 and 1.2 The regulations (3) The Health and Safety at Work Act
An ‘enabling act’ – like an umbrella that protects everyone in the workplace, including visitors
What it says:
employers must make the workplace safe
employees must:
wear PPE
follow regulations and company policies
report any health and safety problems<br>
slide11. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.2 The regulations (4) The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations
Employers must:
assess the risks to
their employees
anyone else other people affected by their work
appoint people to help them keep the workplace safe and healthy
train employees to be able to work safely<br>
slide12. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in the Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.2 The regulations (5) The Construction and Design Management (CDM) Regulations
The customer must choose a main designer and main contractor
Main designer and contractor must have :
expertise
resources
The safety of everyone on that job must be planned before the work starts
control the risks
provide information about the risks
The Health and safety executive (HSE)
must be told about all large construction
projects<br>
slide13. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in the Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.2 The regulations (2) Other health and safety regulations include:
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Regulations
Working at Height Regulations
Confined Spaces Regulations
Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations
Manual Handling Operations Regulations
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH)<br>
slide14. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.1 The risk assessment (1) Risk is
Before carrying out work, think about the job, look the work area, and ask:
What are the hazards?
What are the risks?
Who will they affect?
How serious are they?
What can be done to reduce the risk?
Answer these questions in a risk assessment the chance of being injured by a hazard<br>
slide15. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.1 The risk assessment (2) Each job carries hazard
list the jobs needed to complete a project
list the hazards
example of a hazardous job: using a ladder as a platform to fit a light
What are the risks?
ladder falling
falling from ladder
dropping tools and materials onto people below
Who will they affect?
you and anyone working below
How serious are they?
falls can result in serious injury or even death
being hit by falling object can also be fatal<br>
slide16. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.1 The risk assessment (3) What can be done to reduce the risk (control measures)?
Using our ladder example…
Is there another way to carry out the job?
Use a scaffold tower, scissor lift or mobile elevating work platform (MEWP)
What safety equipment could be used?
Guard rails on scaffolding
Place barriers around the foot of ladder or scaffolding tower
If you can only use a ladder to work at height, tie-off ladder at the top
What PPE should be worn?
Hard hat
Climbing belt
Anything else?
Train staff to use access equipment correctly<br>
slide17. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.1 Method statements The method statement is another way of assessing and reducing risk and describing how a job will be carried out
A method statement is a set of instructions for the job
A method statement will include:
a description of the work
precautions to make sure the work is carried out safely
address and contact details
A method statement may include:
a plan for completing difficult works<br>
slide18. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.7–1.9 Reporting accidents (1) Sometimes, despite all our precautions, an accident will happen
The Reporting of Incidents, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations, 2013 (RIDDOR) tells us what to do following an accident:
all organisations must have an Accident Book
accidents must be reported
accidents must be reported by
This can be:
The manager or supervisor
The person who is in control of the work place
A self-employed person
accident reports must be sent to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) the person responsible for the work.<br>
slide19. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.7–1.9 Reporting accidents (1) Sometimes, despite all our precautions, an accident will happen
The Reporting of Incidents, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR) tells us what to do following an accident:
Accident reports must state:
the date when the report is made
how the accident was reported
the date, time and place of the incident
personal details of those involved<br>
slide20. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.7–1.9 Reporting accidents (2) What is a ‘near miss’?
A near miss is an accident that could have caused injury but, fortunately, did not.
An example of a near miss:
A scaffold collapses while the construction workers are on their lunch break, which meant that no one was using the scaffold at the time.
If someone had been on the scaffold, they could have been seriously injured or even killed.
A near miss must be reported in the same way as an accident.<br>
slide21. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.4 And if we don’t take action to prevent accidents? Injury
disability
loss of wages
Lost time
someone has to be trained to do the injured person’s work
reduced wages
Damaged reputation
company may lose work if customers think they are unsafe
company may have difficulty recruiting new employees
Low morale
workers might feel that they are in danger
workers stop being loyal to the company<br>
slide22. BTEC Level 1 Award Health and Safety in a Construction Environment learning outcome 1: Identifying Hazards and Risks 1.4 And if we don’t take action to prevent accidents? Legal implications:
Improvement notice
for a specific breach of health and safety regulations
served by the HSE Inspector
allows organisation 21 days to put right any hazards
Prohibition notice
HSE believe a certain work activity or work area is dangerous
all operations in that area will be shut down until improvements are made
Prosecution
fine
imprisonment
police always investigate a fatal accident<br>