PRAMOD KUMAR MEHTA M.sc.(PHE) BIOLOGY OF MANSONIA
Description: PRAMOD KUMAR MEHTA M.sc.(PHE) BIOLOGY OF MANSONIA SPECIES TAXONOMY Kingdom - Animalia Phylum -Arthropoda Order Diptera Class - Insecta Family- Culicidae Sub-family -Culicinae Genus -Mansonia Sub-genus Mansonioides Species annulifera
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slide1. PRAMOD KUMAR MEHTA
M.sc.(PHE) BIOLOGY OF MANSONIA SPECIES<br>
slide2. TAXONOMY Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum -Arthropoda
Order Diptera
Class - Insecta
Family- Culicidae
Sub-family -Culicinae
Genus -Mansonia
Sub-genus Mansonioides
Species annulifera
uniformis<br>
slide3. Distribution Mansonia has a nearly worldwide distribution. Species of subgenus Mansonia occur in the New World and those of subgenus Mansonioides occur in the Old World. The majority of species are tropical, but several range into the colder parts of the world.<br>
slide4. DISTRIBUTION IN NEPAL M.annulifera was reportded by Iyengar in 1938 as an agent of tranmition of Burgia malayi in Tranvancore, India
Common species
1.M.annulifera,
2.M.uniformis,
3.M.indiana,
4.M.longipilpis.<br>
slide5. Genus-specific Diagnostic Characters, Adult Stage 1. Postspiracular setae (PS) present
2. Wing with a mixture of broad asymmetrical dark and pale scales
3. Tarsal claws (U-I-III) simple
4. Pulvilli (Pv) absent
5. Abdomen apex blunt in females<br>
slide6. LIFE CYCLE Mansonia – Complete metamorphosis (Holometebolous)
EGG –
Larvae –
Pupa –
Imago (Adult).<br>
slide7. EGG Dark brown to black, cylindrical have tube like extension apically, which is usually darker than rest of the egg,
Eggs are laid in sticky compact masses of an arranged as a rosette, which are glued to the under surfaces floating vegetation.
They hatch within few days, are unable to withstand desiccation.
75- 100 eggs in each clusters .
Individual egg is flask shaped with pointed ends.<br>
slide8. LARVAE: Larvae dark brown in colour
Mansonia larvae are very easily reorganize by having a specialized siphons – Adapted for piercing aquatic plants to obtain air.
Base half of the antenna are pigmented.
It is distinguished from others by the position of antennal tuft half way from base to sub terminal setae.<br>
slide9. Larvae with siphon tube<br>
slide10. PUPAE The pupa also breathe through plants by increasing their modified respiratory trumpets.
Trumpet rather long and narrow as 8-9 times long.
They permanently attached to the plants during the immature stages.<br>
slide11. ADULT A small to medium size, pale colour mosquito which is much lighter in colour than other species.
Wings are unspotted and shows Indiscriminate scattering of black scales.
Prominent pale or white bands are found on the femur and tibia of all the all the legs as also some white spots on the head and thorax.<br>
slide12. Adult Mansonia Mosquito<br>
slide13. Breeding Habitat Mansonioides prefer habitats with well-developed beds of submerged, floating-leaf or emergent aquatic macrophytes because the vegetated regions protect them from physical disturbances and provide mechanical support and favorable conditions for oviposition.
Unlike other mosquitoes, the larvae and pupae of Mansonia must attach their breathing tubes to the underwater roots, stems, or leaves of floating aquatic plants if they are to survive.
Pistia stratiotes,
Eichhornia crassipes,
Salvinia.<br>
slide14. Aquatic breeding plants of Mansonia<br>
slide15. Behaviour Host preference :
They fed large extent to man
Biting Habits :
Mansonia species usually bite at night, mostly out of doors, but some species enter houses.
They prefer to bite lower parts of the human body
Resting Places :
Resting after a blood-meal normally takes place out of doors.
Swarming :
Under normal circumstances mating probably takes place in the open on the wind during the short period after dusk<br>
slide16. Public Health Importance. Filariasis (Brugian Filariasis and Bancraftian Filariasis)
Biting nuisance
Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis
Filariasis
A. Bancroftian Filariasis
In New Guinea, the vector of wucheria bancrofti is M.uniformis which cause the Bancroftian Filariasis.
B. Brugian Filariasis
It is generally transmitted by mansonia Mosquitoes such as 1.M.annulifera,
2.M.uniformis,
3.M.annulata,<br>
slide17. cont…. Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis
The infection is often fatal in horses but usually very mild in humans
Biting Nuisance
-In previously sensitized people, biting of Mansonia cause Sevier and intolerable irritation
-It is a generally localized and biting nuisance<br>
slide18. Control Personal protection :- the use of suitable repellents, mosquito nets.
Spraying of insecticides - granules or pallets, not liquid.
By removing or killing the aquatic weeds upon which the larvae and pupae depend for their oxygen requirements.
spraying of herbicides such as diquat,2,4-D, MCPA or Pentachlorophenol(PCP) – kills the salvinia<br>
slide19. MANSONIA Mansonia spp have long been recognized as main vectors of B.malayi are also involved in the transmission of animal filarioids.
Belong to the category of urban rural type.
Breeds on abandoned ponds or neglected water bodies, esp blocked drains, rivers and canals with aquatic plants.
Main host plant- floating water plants, pistia<br>
M.sc.(PHE) BIOLOGY OF MANSONIA SPECIES<br>
slide2. TAXONOMY Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum -Arthropoda
Order Diptera
Class - Insecta
Family- Culicidae
Sub-family -Culicinae
Genus -Mansonia
Sub-genus Mansonioides
Species annulifera
uniformis<br>
slide3. Distribution Mansonia has a nearly worldwide distribution. Species of subgenus Mansonia occur in the New World and those of subgenus Mansonioides occur in the Old World. The majority of species are tropical, but several range into the colder parts of the world.<br>
slide4. DISTRIBUTION IN NEPAL M.annulifera was reportded by Iyengar in 1938 as an agent of tranmition of Burgia malayi in Tranvancore, India
Common species
1.M.annulifera,
2.M.uniformis,
3.M.indiana,
4.M.longipilpis.<br>
slide5. Genus-specific Diagnostic Characters, Adult Stage 1. Postspiracular setae (PS) present
2. Wing with a mixture of broad asymmetrical dark and pale scales
3. Tarsal claws (U-I-III) simple
4. Pulvilli (Pv) absent
5. Abdomen apex blunt in females<br>
slide6. LIFE CYCLE Mansonia – Complete metamorphosis (Holometebolous)
EGG –
Larvae –
Pupa –
Imago (Adult).<br>
slide7. EGG Dark brown to black, cylindrical have tube like extension apically, which is usually darker than rest of the egg,
Eggs are laid in sticky compact masses of an arranged as a rosette, which are glued to the under surfaces floating vegetation.
They hatch within few days, are unable to withstand desiccation.
75- 100 eggs in each clusters .
Individual egg is flask shaped with pointed ends.<br>
slide8. LARVAE: Larvae dark brown in colour
Mansonia larvae are very easily reorganize by having a specialized siphons – Adapted for piercing aquatic plants to obtain air.
Base half of the antenna are pigmented.
It is distinguished from others by the position of antennal tuft half way from base to sub terminal setae.<br>
slide9. Larvae with siphon tube<br>
slide10. PUPAE The pupa also breathe through plants by increasing their modified respiratory trumpets.
Trumpet rather long and narrow as 8-9 times long.
They permanently attached to the plants during the immature stages.<br>
slide11. ADULT A small to medium size, pale colour mosquito which is much lighter in colour than other species.
Wings are unspotted and shows Indiscriminate scattering of black scales.
Prominent pale or white bands are found on the femur and tibia of all the all the legs as also some white spots on the head and thorax.<br>
slide12. Adult Mansonia Mosquito<br>
slide13. Breeding Habitat Mansonioides prefer habitats with well-developed beds of submerged, floating-leaf or emergent aquatic macrophytes because the vegetated regions protect them from physical disturbances and provide mechanical support and favorable conditions for oviposition.
Unlike other mosquitoes, the larvae and pupae of Mansonia must attach their breathing tubes to the underwater roots, stems, or leaves of floating aquatic plants if they are to survive.
Pistia stratiotes,
Eichhornia crassipes,
Salvinia.<br>
slide14. Aquatic breeding plants of Mansonia<br>
slide15. Behaviour Host preference :
They fed large extent to man
Biting Habits :
Mansonia species usually bite at night, mostly out of doors, but some species enter houses.
They prefer to bite lower parts of the human body
Resting Places :
Resting after a blood-meal normally takes place out of doors.
Swarming :
Under normal circumstances mating probably takes place in the open on the wind during the short period after dusk<br>
slide16. Public Health Importance. Filariasis (Brugian Filariasis and Bancraftian Filariasis)
Biting nuisance
Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis
Filariasis
A. Bancroftian Filariasis
In New Guinea, the vector of wucheria bancrofti is M.uniformis which cause the Bancroftian Filariasis.
B. Brugian Filariasis
It is generally transmitted by mansonia Mosquitoes such as 1.M.annulifera,
2.M.uniformis,
3.M.annulata,<br>
slide17. cont…. Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis
The infection is often fatal in horses but usually very mild in humans
Biting Nuisance
-In previously sensitized people, biting of Mansonia cause Sevier and intolerable irritation
-It is a generally localized and biting nuisance<br>
slide18. Control Personal protection :- the use of suitable repellents, mosquito nets.
Spraying of insecticides - granules or pallets, not liquid.
By removing or killing the aquatic weeds upon which the larvae and pupae depend for their oxygen requirements.
spraying of herbicides such as diquat,2,4-D, MCPA or Pentachlorophenol(PCP) – kills the salvinia<br>
slide19. MANSONIA Mansonia spp have long been recognized as main vectors of B.malayi are also involved in the transmission of animal filarioids.
Belong to the category of urban rural type.
Breeds on abandoned ponds or neglected water bodies, esp blocked drains, rivers and canals with aquatic plants.
Main host plant- floating water plants, pistia<br>