The Earth’s Interior The Earth is made up of four
Description: The Earths Interior The Earth is made up of four layers. The inner core, outer core, mantle and the crust. Scientists have learned about the layers by examining earthquakes and volcanoes and scientific models. The Crust The thin, outermost
Related Topics
Download Presentation
"The Earth’s Interior The Earth is made up of four" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this website for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Presentation Transcript
slide1. The Earth’s Interior The Earth is made up of four layers. The inner core, outer core, mantle and the crust.
Scientists have learned about the layers by examining earthquakes and volcanoes and scientific models.<br>
slide2. The Crust The thin, outermost layer, about 20 miles thick, thicker under mountains, thinner under the oceans
It’s the layer we live on
It’s broken into lithospheric “plates” that move
around causing mountains to be built, oceans
to form, earthquakes and volcanoes.
Two types of crust are continental and oceanic.
Oceanic is younger and mostly made of an
igneous rock called basalt. Continental crust
is mostly made of an igneous rock called granite.
Both of these rocks are highly made of
silicon and oxygen (silicates).<br>
slide3. The Lithosphere The solid, upper part of the Earth’s crust
that is broken into seven major pieces.
The seven major “plates” and several
minor ones float on top of the asthenosphere,
the upper part of the mantle. They collide into
one another causing mountains to be built and
earthquakes. They also pull apart from one
another causing oceans to form and volcanoes.<br>
slide4. The Mantle The thickest layer, about 1800 miles thick.
It makes up 80% of Earth’s volume.
It has an upper and lower part. The lower
part is solid and made up mostly of Fe (iron)
and Ni (nickel).
The upper part is semi-melted and mostly
made of O (oxygen) and Si (silicon). This is
the principal source of magma (lava).<br>
slide5. The Asthenosphere The tough, liquid layer of the upper mantle.
The temperature and pressure causes rock to melt.
The molten rock is similar to the solid rock above it.
It has a property called plasticity.
It is the driving force for earthquakes and volcanoes.<br>
slide6. The Core It’s about 1400 miles thick.
It is the hottest layer made mostly of Fe and Ni.
The outer core is molten (melted) because of
extreme temperatures and the fact that the
Earth just hasn’t completely cooled since the
beginning.
We know it is liquid because S waves, caused
by earthquakes, do not pass through it as they
do not pass through liquids.
The inner core is solid because of the intense
pressure of everything squeezing down on it.
We know it is solid, because P waves speed up
when they pass through it.
The spinning, gyro-motion of these two cores
causes Earth’s magnetism.<br>
Scientists have learned about the layers by examining earthquakes and volcanoes and scientific models.<br>
slide2. The Crust The thin, outermost layer, about 20 miles thick, thicker under mountains, thinner under the oceans
It’s the layer we live on
It’s broken into lithospheric “plates” that move
around causing mountains to be built, oceans
to form, earthquakes and volcanoes.
Two types of crust are continental and oceanic.
Oceanic is younger and mostly made of an
igneous rock called basalt. Continental crust
is mostly made of an igneous rock called granite.
Both of these rocks are highly made of
silicon and oxygen (silicates).<br>
slide3. The Lithosphere The solid, upper part of the Earth’s crust
that is broken into seven major pieces.
The seven major “plates” and several
minor ones float on top of the asthenosphere,
the upper part of the mantle. They collide into
one another causing mountains to be built and
earthquakes. They also pull apart from one
another causing oceans to form and volcanoes.<br>
slide4. The Mantle The thickest layer, about 1800 miles thick.
It makes up 80% of Earth’s volume.
It has an upper and lower part. The lower
part is solid and made up mostly of Fe (iron)
and Ni (nickel).
The upper part is semi-melted and mostly
made of O (oxygen) and Si (silicon). This is
the principal source of magma (lava).<br>
slide5. The Asthenosphere The tough, liquid layer of the upper mantle.
The temperature and pressure causes rock to melt.
The molten rock is similar to the solid rock above it.
It has a property called plasticity.
It is the driving force for earthquakes and volcanoes.<br>
slide6. The Core It’s about 1400 miles thick.
It is the hottest layer made mostly of Fe and Ni.
The outer core is molten (melted) because of
extreme temperatures and the fact that the
Earth just hasn’t completely cooled since the
beginning.
We know it is liquid because S waves, caused
by earthquakes, do not pass through it as they
do not pass through liquids.
The inner core is solid because of the intense
pressure of everything squeezing down on it.
We know it is solid, because P waves speed up
when they pass through it.
The spinning, gyro-motion of these two cores
causes Earth’s magnetism.<br>