The Soldiers in the Civil War - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

The Soldiers in the Civil War

Slide2

Write Title:

The Soldiers in the Civil WarWrite essential questions:

Who were the soldiers of the Civil War? What were the C.W. soldier’s identities? Further notes and questions will be in “blue.”

This is an interactive presentation and you will turn in for credit when completed.

Slide3

The Soldiers in the Civil War,

facts to write in spiral.Men

& women on both sides were inspired to fight by patriotism, state pride, the chance for adventure, steady pay.

Confederate soldiers sometimes fought because they feared Union victory would result in a society where black people were placed on an even footing with whites.

A Yankee stood a 1 in 8 chance of dying due to illness and a 1 in 18 chance of dying in battle.

A Rebel faced a 1 in 5 chance of succumbing to disease and a 1 in 8 chance of dying in combat.

Large numbers of stout-hearted newcomers to the country also volunteered to fight. Nearly one quarter of the Union’s soldiers were immigrants, including 200,000 Germans; 150,000 Irish; 45,000 English; 15,000 Canadians, and lesser numbers of French, Norwegians, Italians, Mexicans, and Poles.

Slide4

The Soldiers in the Civil War,

facts to write in spiral.

For the South tens of thousands of Irish, Germans, British, French, Canadians, Dutch, and Austrians entered Confederate ranks.

In March 1865, the Confederate Congress authorized the army to recruit 300,000 black troops

.

By war’s end, blacks, free and emancipated ex-slave soldiers made up roughly 10% of the Union army. Approximately 179,000 black soldiers wore the blue; 37,000 lost their lives.

Slide5

Sergeant

Cornelius V. Moore of Company B,

100th New York Volunteers. He has 3 stripes on his uniform.

1. What is this soldiers rank? How do you know where to look?2

. What do you wonder about him? 3 ideas.

Slide6

Handwritten

letter with sketch on back showing Moore cooking apple fritters.

1. Describe details, setting, scenery, objects, words in camp life sketch.

2. What do you notice that you didn’t expect?

Slide7

Envelope from Cornelius V. Moore to Henry A.

Moore.

1. Why were letters from C.W. soldiers important for families to receive? 2 ideas.

2. What information would be in the letters sent from C.W. soldiers to their loved ones? 2 ideas.

Slide8

Letter from Cornelius V. Moore to Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton asking for

a discharge.

Why might a C.W. soldier ask for an honorable discharge? 2 ideas.

Why might a C.W. soldier get a dishonorable discharge? 2 ideas.

Slide9

1.

What do you predict Secretary of War Edwin Stanton will do after receiving this letter from Sergeant Cornelius V. Moore? Explain your

prediction.

Sergeant Moore’s reasons

why he is asking for an

honorable discharge.

Slide10

Certificate to

discharge

Cornelius V. Moore from Company B, 100th New York

Volunteers.Secretary of War

Edwin M. Stanton doesn’t object to his honorable discharge.

Slide11

1. Describe the details of this setting, people, expressions, scenery etc.

2. Are these men fighting for the North or South? Explain how you came to this conclusion.

During the Civil War,

Virginia

enacted legislation to force African Americans, both slave and free, into “public service” supporting the Confederacy.

Their primary responsibility would be to build “batteries (a row of cannons,) entrenchments or other necessities of the military service,” which could include working in mines and factories, preparing meals and washing clothes for Confederate soldiers, or driving supply wagons.

Slide12

When

the Confederate Army had need of the services of free African Americans, a local board would select from the list, “such number of laborers as in their judgment may be proper and expedient.”

The local sheriff would notify the free African Americans of their selection and the location where they were to report for their “public service.” If a free African American did not report for duty, he would be subject to the same penalties as a white man drafted into the militia who failed to report.

What do you suppose it was like for

an African American free or slave, to fight

for the Confederacy? Fight for the Union?

Slide13

Many refused to serve. “Free blacks in Virginia considered their labors for the Confederacy as coerced and resisted their impressment when possible.

Confederates forced William Peters to labor for the Confederacy, “Which I hated to do, but could not help it.” He objected, but

“They talked about lynching me if I did not do it.”

Predict what wouldhappen to an African American free or slave who refused to fight for the Confederacy?

Slide14

African American soldier in Union uniform with wife and two daughters.

In May 1863, U.S. Secretary of War Edwin Stanton issued General Order No. 143 creating the Bureau of U. S. Colored Troops.

1. What do you wonder when you look at this family , 2 observations?

2. What do you predict will happen one day later after this picture was taken?

Slide15

1. What 3 questions do you have for this C.W. black soldier?

Slide16

Loreta

Janeta Velázquez a Cuban woman immigrant enlisted

in the Confederate Army, became a spy, dressed as a male soldier and fought at the Battle of Manassas. Did anyone wonder if this could be a woman?

1. What do you wonder when you look at this C.W. soldier? 3 ideas regarding soldiering, the war etc.

Slide17

1. What do you notice about this C.W. soldier, details, expression, objects etc.?

Female soldier 1863. Women North and South would cut their hair to disguise as men just to fight for the cause.

Slide18

1. What do you notice on the lapel below the collar of the coat? Describe what you notice on this C.W. soldier.

2. Guess what this could be?

Mary Edwards Walker -helped change the face of medicine during the Civil War. She was a feminist, abolitionist, spy, prisoner of war and the first female surgeon in the U.S.

Army. The first and only woman ever to receive the Medal of Honor 1865.

Slide19

1. Clara Barton – Nickname, “Angel of the Battle field,” why?

2. Guess what well known American organization she started?

Clara Barton started the American Red Cross organization.

Slide20

1. Guess which branch of the military has a rank of Admiral?

2. Is this a Union or Confederate soldier? Explain.

“Damn the torpedoes, full speed ahead!”, this famous quote came from Union Admiral David Farragut, famous naval officer, C.W. war hero, America’s first admiral, and first generation Hispanic immigrant! He was also married to a Southern wife!

Slide21

Union ships under the command of Admiral Farragut bombarding Port Hudson,

Louisiana. African American troops of the 2nd Louisiana Regiment attacking the Confederate defensive works at Port Hudson.

Slide22

1. Traditional Union C.W. Kepi hats, write two similarities and two differences you notice in the hats.

Bugle indicates Infantry,

Sword indicates Calvary officer.

Slide23

1. Guess the

ethnicity of this C.W. soldier?

2. What details lead you to your guess?

Celtic Soldier in the 35th Indiana Volunteer Infantry Regiment known as the "1st Irish". They were allowed to keep the distinctive green kepi hat they wore with the shamrock wreath and '1' insignia. The buttons on the sides had an Irish harp embossed on them. The men of the 35th Indiana proudly wore their green kepis throughout the war.

Irish soldiers fought for both sides North & South.

Slide24

Black soldier wearing a kepi hat.

1. How might a black soldier acquire a kepi hat from an Irish C.W. soldier?

Slide25

1. Guess the nationalities of these C.W. soldiers?

2. What do you wonder? 3 totalI wonder…

Recognized by their European-style uniforms, the 39th, the "Garibaldi Guard,"

recruited in New York City, was composed of Hungarian, German, Swiss, Italian, French,

Spanish and Portuguese companies, most of whose members had already seen active service. They fought at the Battle of Gettysburg.

Slide26

1. Guess how these conjoined twins

were involved in the Civil War?

In 1865, conjoined twins, from Thailand living in U.S., Chang and Eng Bunker were running a

plantation with slave labor in North Carolina and were Confederates. Union General Stoneman raided NC, after the raid General decided to draft some of the locals. General Stoneman

put the names of all local men over 18 years of age into a lottery wheel and selected names at random. Eng’s name was drawn but Chang’s wasn’t.Since the conjoined twins could not be separated by surgery because their livers were fused, there wasn’t much that General Stoneman

could do. Neither brother ended up fighting in the war.

Slide27

1. Guess the rank of this C.W. Native American soldier?

General Ely S. Parker, a member of the Seneca tribe, the

only American Indian to reach the rank of General in the Union army during the Civil War, drew up the articles of surrender which General Robert E. Lee signed at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865. Gen

. Parker, who served as Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's military secretary and was a trained attorney, was once rejected for Union military service because of his race. At Appomattox, Lee is said to have remarked to Parker, "I am glad to see one real American here," to which Parker replied, "We are all Americans."

Slide28

1. What rank is this soldier? Explain how you came to this decision.

Julius H.

Stahel-Számwald

a Hungarian soldier who became a Union general

in the C.W. Look at his saber sword. Generals and Colonels often supplied their own swords;

often taken from a mantle over their fireplace at home. Many officers were accustomed to using their swords as pointers both during drills and during battles.

Slide29

1. Why were black soldiers considered to be “the true defenders of the Constitution?”

Slide30

1. Describe 4 details from these grave stones.

2. C.W. soldier’s graves at Gettysburg July 1-4 1863, how do these sources reflect upon the time period in history?