Module 3 The Basics of Health Care Oncology Patient Navigator Training The Fundamentals Acknowledgements This work was supported by Cooperative Agreement 1U38DP00497202 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not n ID: 908207
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Slide1
Lesson 1: Medical Terminology
Module 3: The Basics of Health Care
Oncology Patient Navigator Training: The Fundamentals
Slide2Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Cooperative Agreement #1U38DP004972-02 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Portions of this lesson are adapted with permission from the Patient Navigator Training Collaborative of the Colorado School of Public Health (referenced as Source: PNTC).
Slide3Competency
This lesson covers the following Core Competency for Patient Navigators:
2.1 Demonstrate basic knowledge of medical and cancer terminology
Slide4Learning Objectives
Define basic medical terms using prefixes, root words and suffixes
Describe common words used in oncology
Identify resources on basic medical terms
Slide5How To Approach Medical Terminology
Develop your skill set
Find a resource that will help you understand Greek/Latin word roots
Learn to break down words to smaller components
Keep your own list of common words
Source (
example
): Siegel R, et al. CA Cancer J Clin. 2012
Source: Online Etymology Dictionary. 2014
Onco–
“tumor” +
- logy
“science or study of.”
Slide6Word Breakdown
Source: Penguin Prof Pages. 2014
Slide7Prefixes
PREFIX
WHAT IT DESCRIBES
EXAMPLE
AN-, A-
without / lack of
a
nemia = lack of red blood cells
AB-
away from
ab
normal = away from the normal
AD-
near / toward
ad
renal gland = gland near to the kidney BI- two / bothbilateral Wilm's = tumor in both kidneys DYS- difficult / painfuldysfunction = not working properlyECTO- outsideectopic pregnancy = outside the uterine cavity ENDO- insideendoscope = an instrument to look inside the body cavities or organsEPI- uponepidermis = the outer layer of skin HYPER- excessive / abovehyperglycaemia = excessive blood sugar levels HYPO-beneath / belowhypodermic = injection below the skin INTER- betweenintercostal = between the ribs INTRA- within / Insideintravenous = into a vein PARA- beside, about, nearparathyroid = beside the thyroid gland PERI-aroundpericardium = membrane around the heart PRE- beforeprenatal = before birth POST- afterpost surgical stage = stage after surgery SUB- under / belowsubmucosa = tissue below mucus membrane SYN- together withsyndrome = group of symptoms occurring together
Source: Online Etymology Dictionary. 2014
Slide8Prefixes
Source: Online Etymology Dictionary. 2014
Slide9Root Words
ROOT
WHAT IT DESCRIBES
EXAMPLE
BLAST-
germ
,
immature cell
blast
oma = a cancer made of immature cells
CARCINO-
cancer
carcin
ogenic = cancer causing
CARDIO-
heartcardiotoxicity = toxicity to the heart CYTO-cellcytotoxic = toxic to the cell DERMA-skindermatitis = inflammation of the skin HISTIO-tissuehistology = study of tissueHEPATI- liverhepatoblastoma = liver cancer MALIGN-badharmful malignant = growing, spreading NEPHRO-kidneynephrotoxic = harmful to the kidneys NEURO-nervesneuroblast = an immature nerve cell ONCO- masstumor oncology = the study of cancer OSTEO- bone/bony tissueosteosarcoma = bone cancer PAED- childpediatric oncology = study of childhood cancer SARCO- tissuesarcoma = tumor of bone, muscle, or connective tissueTOXO-poisontoxicology = study of poisons Source: Online Etymology Dictionary. 2014
Slide10Frequent Root Words
Source: Online Etymology Dictionary. 2014
Slide11Frequent Root Words
Source: Online Etymology Dictionary. 2014
Slide12Suffix
SUFFIX
WHAT IT DESCRIBES
EXAMPLE
-AEMIA
condition of blood
leuk
emia
= cancer of blood cells
-ECTOMY
excision / removal
nephr
ectomy
= excision of a kidney
-ITIS
inflammationhepatitis = inflammation of the liver -OLOGY study / science ofcytology = the study of cells -OMA tumorretinoblastoma = tumor of the eye -PATHY diseaseneuropathy = disease of the nervous system -OSIS disease /conditionnecrosis = dying cells Source: Penguin Prof Pages. 2014
Slide13Other Common Roots and Suffixes
Tests and Procedures
Echo-
Electro-
-
ectomy
- gram
graph(y)
otomy
scopystomyUsing ultrasonic wavesUsing electricityRemoval of PictureProcess of making an imageMaking a cut in
Using an instrument for viewing
Create an opening
Source: Penguin Prof Pages. 2014
Slide14Resources
National Cancer Institute’s Dictionary of Cancer Terms
American Cancer Society’s Guide to Treatment Types
University of Minnesota’s
WebAnatomy
Slide15Checkpoint
Adenocarcinoma
Adeno – meaning adrenaline, -
Carcino
– meaning heart describes a fast beating heart.
Adeno – meaning glands, -
Carcino
– meaning cancer describes cancer in the glands.
Adeno – meaning glands, -
Carcino – meaning heart describes the heart glands Source: NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms. 2015.
Slide16Checkpoint
Biopsy
Bi – meaning living tissue, -
opsy
meaning removal
Bi - meaning living tissue, -
opsy
meaning inspection
Bi – meaning living tissue , -
opsy meaning insertion Source: NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms. 2015
Slide17Checkpoint
Dyspnea
Dys
- meaning distant
pnea
– meaning urination describes trouble with urination
Dys
– meaning normal
pnea
– meaning respiration describes normal breathing Dys- meaning difficult pnea – meaning breathing describes difficulty in breathing Source: NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms. 2015
Slide18Conclusion
Define basic medical term using prefixes, root words and suffixes
Describe common words used in oncology
Identify resources on basic medical terms
Slide19References
Collins English Dictionary. (2015). http://dictionary.reference.com/.
Dictionary.com Unabridged. (2015). http://dictionary.reference.com/.
National Cancer Institute. (n.d.).
Dictionary of cancer terms.
http://www.cancer.gov/dictionary.
Online Etymology Dictionary. (2015). http://dictionary.reference.com/.
Penguin Prof Pages. [
ThePenguinProf
]. (2011). Medical Terminology [Video file]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3fiEszFPRE8&feature=youtu.be. The American Heritage Science Dictionary. (2015). http://dictionary.reference.com/. The American Heritage Stedman’s Medical Dictionary. (2015). http://dictionary.reference.com/.
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