AND PARENTING Presented By Dr Nandini Samaddar Associate Professor CONCEPT OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEED DEVIATION Childs exceptionality in one or other aspects of personality He She ID: 1042573
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1. CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEED AND PARENTINGPresented By Dr Nandini Samaddar(Associate Professor)
2. CONCEPT OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEED DEVIATION : Child’s exceptionality in one or other aspects of personality. He/ She deviates seriously on the negative, positive and multiple sides on one or other aspects of the growth and development of their personality from the average children to the extent of requiring special provisions in terms of their education , adjustment and progress in life.
3. CATEGORIES OF SPECIAL NEED CHILDRENINTELLECTUALLY EXCEPTIONAL - gifted, creative, mentally retarded.SENSORY EXCEPTIONAL - visually and hearing impaired.ORTHOPAEDIC IMPAIREDSOCIALLY OR EMOTIONALLY EXCEPTIONAL- socially deprived, emotionally disturbed, delinquents COMMUNICATION DISORDER-affects ability to comprehend or apply language and speech to engage in discourse effectively with others. LEARNING OR ACADEMICALLY EXCEPTIOAL-learning disabled, slow learnersMULTIPLE EXCEPTIONAL - Children with Cerebral Palsy, ADHD, Autism.
4. Learning disability- The academic performance of learning disabled may not match their IQ . Children may not be able to perform up to the expected standard in reading, writing and numeracy. LD includes a) Dyslexia(reading difficulty) b) Dysgraphia (writing difficulty) c) Dyscalculia(difficulty with numeracy) d) Dyspraxia(motor difficulty) Cerebral Palsy-it affects child’s ability to move and to maintain posture and balance.ADHD-It is characterised by persistent pattern of inattentiveness, hyperactivity, forgetfulness, hyper impulsivity
5. Autism-child’s disability to language and communicate, form social relationships and respond appropriately to the environment. Other abnormalities in their behaviour are--a) Problem in eye contact.b)Repetitive and stereotype activities.c) Resistance to environmental change or change in daily routine.d) Hypo or hyper sensitivity.e) Problem in expressing sharing emotion f) Addiction to inanimate objects. g) Unusual use of play materials.
6. SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDSNeed to love and to be lovedNeed for feeling secure and safeNeed for belongingness and social companyNeed for gaining and status, social approval and recognitionNeed for getting all experiences of life
7. PARENTING OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEED
8. PROBLEMS OF ACCEPTING A SPECIAL CHILDWHY IT HAPPENS WITH ME (PARENT)?COMPARISON WITH OTHER PARENTS & THEIR NORMAL CHILDREN.HOW CAN I (PARENT)PRESENT THE CHILD AS MY WARD BEFORE THE SOCIETY?HOW CAN THE WARD BE ABLE TO OVERCOME SHORTCOMINGS IN EVERY STAGE OF LIFE SINCE CHILDHOOD?HOW WILL THE WARD SURVIVE AFTER DEMISE OF PARENT?
9. TIPS FOR ATTITUDINAL CHANGES OF PARENTS FOR BETTER LIVING
10. Regarding individual difference we have nothing to do. Every one has some limitations. Acceptance the idea of Helen Keller :-Normal individuals are temporarily fit.Love the child and Accept him with all his abilities and disabilities Accepting philosophy of inclusion and mainstreaming for social progress.First consider one as human being. Then his abilities or disabilities.Live and let liveAccept the truth, do not hide, and try for early identification, consult with doctors, special educators, therapists. Join and form parental association.Right to spend life happily for both - parents and child. Hindrance of happiness is EGO.
11. Sublimate own ego.Do not judge or underestimate any one by his apparent behaviourTry to find out positive latent qualitiesFocus on abilities overlooking disabilities Eradicate the misconception of exceptionality as disease, rather it is a conditionTry to Sensitize society. Consequently the special need child will be benefited with more safety, security and thus their self confidence will get a boostDifferent goals to be set according to particular case.
12. Do not think about ultimate goal :- Start with smaller time bound programme.Do not look upwardAwareness about legal provisions and State incentivesParents should not banish themselves from the normal enjoyment of life. Rather they should try to grab all enjoyments of life along with the special child. Include the child in all normal activities and if necessary modify the situation according to his problemResearch revealed problems of child will be aggravated when it has an emotional need clumped with it. Eg- Broken family or problem of neglecting by parents.
13. STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVEMENTNOPROBLEMSTRATEGIES1Low confidence level and withdrawn behaviourThey need whole hearted loud appreciation in each and every success in front of others.comparison with other pupil is strongly forbidden they need only supervision but not over protectionTry to make them in self sufficient daily activities. They need attention to their physical fitness. Regular physical exercise is strongly recommended for them.
14. NOPROBLEMSTRATEGIES2Language and Communication Give simple and specific instructions. One instruction at a time.Open ended question should not be given to them. Multiple choice questions with less alternatives should be givenPrompting (Verbal , Physical, Gestural) are necessary. Small clues help them to communicate with others.
15. NOPROBLEMSTRATEGIES3Academic and cognitive fieldCare should be taken so that minimal distraction is possible. For example while teaching close the door.The children who have the problem in gripping the pen they should be taught to use alternative devices like computer for the purpose of writing.Give less stress on memorization. Basic concepts should be taught transferred in real life situation. Different subjects should be correlated for better concept development
16. NOPROBLEMSTRATEGIES3Academic and cognitive fieldProvide instructional aids for example calculators, fact tables. Spelling dictionaries. Multi-sensory teaching is the key to successful teaching to individuals with special need.Use concrete examples and demonstrations.Tasks must be modified according to their field of interest and abilities. Provide opportunities to progress at their own rate.Modify tests and evaluation measures to compensate for learning problems.
17. NOPROBLEMSTRATEGIES4socialisationProvide them ample opportunities to interact with different types of people in different situation.Provide enriched environment, merge more & more social interactive activities in their daily routine.They must be trained to act according to existing social norms.Create such situation so that the sense of ‘give and take’ , ‘rights and duties’ should be developed.
18. NOPROBLEMSTRATEGIES4SocialisationDo not segregate. If possible try to give them opportunity to inclusive education. ‘Peer Assistance’ and ‘Buddy System’ should be implemented in school activities. Helper peers should be appreciated and rewarded for their efforts. They should be treated as role model for other students.
19. NOPROBLEMSTRATEGIES5.Attention And Co-ordination Sorting to be taught Pouring of water from one glass to otherFolding of papers or clothing.Throwing and catching the ball.Walk with a ballPractice of backward walkingMaking garland by beadsFully filled up glass with water may be carried from one place to another.
20. NOPROBLEMSTRATEGIES6.Expression of sexualityProvide recreational activities according to their interest and choice and engage them accordinglyProvide series of different types of activities and engage them with indoor and outdoor games so that brain is kept connected to the real world.
21. NOPROBLEMSTRATEGIES6Expression of sexuality Adequate parental love and affection are needed and that should be expressed loudly. Create an environment which will not instigate sexual urge.Family members should try to give them value based education.
22. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION Intervention technique for special need children should include following principles and strategies :To follow individualized educational plan[IEP]Give more stress on functional academics Systematic task analysis and appropriate chaining are necessaryPerfect collaboration between home and school is necessary.
23. THANK YOU