1830 1865 Instructions Your notes today will be to complete the timelines you picked up when you came in When you are done with the timeline notes I will show you how to fold up your timelines ID: 650162
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The Evolution of Mid-Nineteenth Century America
1830 - 1865Slide2
Instructions!
Your notes today will be to complete the timelines you picked up when you came in.
When you are done with the timeline notes, I will show you how to fold up your timelines
.
My suggestion is to write the year on the back of each important event.
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO MAKE YOUR TIMELINES UNTIL YOU ARE DONE WITH NOTES!Slide3
1776 – Declaration of Independence
July 4, 1776 – Declaration of Independence is issued
Birth of the United States of AmericaSlide4
1782 – E Pluribus Unum
Means “out of many, one”
Its intent is to show that several states have joined together as one nation.
First adopted by the Continental Congress in 1782, it became official in 1956.Slide5
1782 – “In God We Trust”
Adopted the same year as
E Pluribus Unum
Adopted as our national motto
has been used on coins since 1864
Now printed on all American money
Often challenged, the courts have ruled that its meaning is ceremonial, not religious.Slide6
1793 – Cotton Gin Invented
Eli Whitney invents the Cotton Gin
A machine that quickly removed cotton seeds from the bolls.
Cotton production soared.Slide7
1803 – The Louisiana Purchase
President Thomas Jefferson purchases the Louisiana territory from Napoleon Bonaparte for $11.25 million and agreed to forgive France its debt of $3.75 million that it owed the United States.
With the purchase, the nation doubled in size.Slide8
1808 – Congress Bans Foreign Slave Trade
Buying slaves from outside the United States’ border was prohibited.
Slave trade continued within the borders of the United States.Slide9
1812 – The War of 1812
After multiple situations of British and American aggression, Congress declared war on Great Britain.
Lasted 3 years.
Increased the prestige of the United States overseas and generated a new spirit of patriotism and national unity.Slide10
1819 – The Missouri Compromise
A compromise made by the federal government that would allow the expansion of slavery into the Louisiana Territory but only below the southern border of Missouri.
Missouri and all states north of it would be free states.Slide11
1819 – McCulloch v. Maryland
Supreme court decision that decided Congress had the authority to establish the Second Bank of the United States.
It ruled that the federal government could use any method that was necessary and proper for carrying out its powers as long as the method was not expressly forbidden by the Constitution.
Also meant that a state could not interfere with a federal agency working within that state’s borders.Slide12
1815 – 1860: Immigration
Over 5 million foreigners came to America.Slide13
1830 – Indian Removal Act
President Andrew Jackson signs the Indian Removal Act.
Due to legal appeals from the Cherokee nation and efforts to prevent the removal by Supreme Court Justices, the removal did not actually occur until 1838.
1838 – “Trail of Tears”Slide14
1836 – The Battle of San Jacinto
The Texans defeat the Mexican army at the Battle of San Jacinto, gaining the Texans independence from Mexico.Slide15
1845 – Texas Annexed
Texas was annexed into the United States as a slave state.
Angered Mexico.Slide16
1846 – The War with Mexico
President Polk wanted the California territory for the United States and Mexico refused to sell it.
Polk sent troops into the California territory and a Mexican force attacked.
The war lasted until 1848 with America taking the victory. Left Mexico with no choice but to sell the territory to the U.S.
Extended the U.S. border all the way to the Pacific Ocean.Slide17
1850 – Compromise of 1850
A compromise was reached between northern and southern states that California and all other states acquired from Mexico be organized without restrictions on slavery.
Also passed the Fugitive Slave Act, which made it easier for slaveholders to recover escaped slaves that had fled north.Slide18
1857 – Dred Scott v.
Sandford
Enslaved African American, Dred Scott, had escaped to the free state of Illinois.
He was captured and returned to his slaveholder.
Scott sued his slaveholder for his freedom and won.
The case was appealed by the slaveholder and it went to the Supreme Court.
The Supreme Court ruled in favor of the slaveholder and Scott was returned to his life as a slave.Slide19
1860 – South Carolina Secedes
South Carolina is the first state to secede from the Union
Begins the Civil WarSlide20
1861 – Creation of the Confederate States of America
In February Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas all secede and declared themselves the Confederate States of America.
Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Virginia all seceded by April.Slide21
1862 – The Emancipation Proclamation
President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation
A decree freeing all enslaved persons in states still in rebellion after Jan. 1, 1863Slide22
1863 – Battle of Gettysburg
The battle at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania lasted 3 days
Union victory
The Union lost 23,055 troops
The Confederacy lost an estimated 28,000 troops.Slide23
1864 – Mary Edwards Walker arrested as a spy.
Mary Edwards Walker volunteered to help the Union Army and worked as a surgeon near the front lines.
She frequently crossed enemy lines to treat civilians and on one such mission in 1864 she was arrested as a spy and imprisoned for 4 months.
For her contributions to the war effort, she was awarded the Medal of Honor in 1865.Slide24
1865 – Thirteenth Amendment
January 31, 1865 – the thirteenth amendment was passed by both houses of congress and released to the states for ratification.
By December 1865, it was law.
Banned slavery in the United States Slide25
1865 – End of Civil War
General Lee surrendered to General Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865 ending the Civil War
General Grant guaranteed that Confederate soldiers would not be charged with treason.
5 days later, John Wilkes Booth assassinated President Lincoln at Ford’s TheaterSlide26
1866 – Fourteenth Amendment
Granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States and declared that no state could deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.
No state could deny any person equal protection of the laws.Slide27
1870 – Fifteenth Amendment
Declared that the right to vote shall not be denied on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.